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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi tiếng anh 12 -nguyễn phú thọ

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NGUY�N PHU THQ o· du8nl hqc sinh gioi Tii'ng Anh Danh cho HS khd, gioi & HS cdc kh{{i chuyen Anh NHA XUAT IAN 8�1 IOC qu4c GIA HA NOi M{JC L{JC Phiin I: Li ·'.huye't ... ......... ...... .'.. .. .............................. ·........... ·:..................... 5 I. Idioms (Thanh ngii') ................................. :... ......................... :: ............... 5 A. Chu giai cac thanh ngu va br-.i t~p tr.ic nghi~m ........................... .. 5 . ' .. ............ .. ............. 14 .. ''t 1 ' . t'~p vie ' h ngu- va' b a1 ' th an . • . cac . ~u.cau B . eh u, gia1 C. Cac tu lay (Alliterat ive Expressio ns) .............................................. 20 D. Cac thanh ngG' Su' d,,mg cac tu chi dqng Y~t .. .. .......................... .... 22 E. Cac thanh ngu c6 Su' d,,mg cac tu chi mau sic va thuc an ...... ...... 25 II. Phrasal verbs (Ngii' d{mg tu) .... .... ........... :.... ........... .... ..... .... .......... 29 III. In versions (Dao ngii') ..................................................................... .49 A. Bi~n phap dao ngu theo sau tn,mg ngu phu dinh .......................... 49 B. Bi~n phap dao ngu theo sau so/such .... that ... .......... .. ..... :-: .............. 50 C. Bi~n phap dao ngu trong cac cau di~u ki~n v6'i If ................ ....... 50 IV. Preposit ions (Gioi tu) ....... ........ ........ .................. .. ....... .... .... ...... ...... 55 A. Prepositi ons after adjectives (Gi6'i tu mu tinh tu) .. .._................ ..... 55 B. Prepositi ons after verbs (Gi6'i. W sau dqng tu) ......... ........ .............. 57 C. Prepositi ons after nouns (Gi6'i tu sau danh tu) ............ .... ......... .... . 58 Phiin II: Practice tests ... , .... ....... ....................... :.. ....., .... ... :............... ..... 60 Practice test 1 .. ... ......... : .................................... .... ... ............. ....... :......... 60 Practice test 2 ..... .... ...... ............................. .. ... ...... ..... ... .. ....... .... ....... .... 73 Practice test 3 .... ...... ............ .. ............................... ... ....... ..... .... ............. 85 Practice test 4 ........................ ............................... ................................ 99 Practice test 5 ................................................... ... ............. ......... ... .. .... 113 Practice test 6 ...... .................. ...... .. ................... .. .............. ..... .. .... ..... .. 127 Practice test 7 .......·........-.... .........-............. ................ ... ............ .. ..... ... .. :141 Practice test 8 .. ... .............. .......... ... ... .............. ............... ..... ....... ... .. .... 154 Practice test 9 .................... .. ............................ ............... ..... .. ........... .. 167 Practice test 10 ............. .. .. ......... ...... .... ......... ................................... ,.181 Phiin III~ J)ap an .................... ...... .. .' .. ....... ................ ...... .......... .. ........... 196 , LOINOIDAU Cac em h9c sinh than me'.n! Nh~m ml;JC dich giup cac em ·h9c sinh kha, gioi mon Tieng Anh c6 them tu li~u d€ luy~n t?p, nang cao kha nang ngon ngu cua minh, chung toi t 6ng hqp , bien so~n cu6n sach B6i duang h9c si1;h iioi tiing Anh 12 nay. Cuon sach nay se giup cac em h9c sinh cac lap chuyen Anh va h9c sinh 'chuang trinh phan b:m c6. them m9t s6 kien thuc nang cao, d6ng thai cung cap m9t h~ th6ng cac bai luy~n t~p giup cac em cung c6 va bo sung kien thuc chulln bj cho cac ki thi h9c sinh gioi cap thanh ph6, tinh va qu6c gia. Cu6n sach g6m c6 hai ph.in: Ph.in I: G6m m9t s6 di€m ngu phap hay va kho duqc chu giai ro rang b~ng tieng Vi~t va co cac vi dl;l minh h 9a gi up cac em hi€u SB.U han each Su' dl;Jng CaC Jigm ngft phap nay. Sau moi ph.in li thuy~t la cac Bai t?p ung dl;Jng M cac em ti~n vi~c luy~n t?p . Ph.in II: G6m 10 bai Practice test duqc so~n theo cau true de thi h9c sinh gioi quoc gia cua B9 Giao dl;IC va Bao t~o. Moi bai luy~h t?p c6 5 phin chinh duqc phan b6 nhu sau: I. Vocabulary: G6m c6 3 d~ng bai t?p la td.c nghi~m, thanh l?P tu va su'a loi sai. II. Grammar: G6m 2 d~ng bai t?p triic nghi~m ki e'n thuc ve gi6'i tu, m~o tu va thi trong tieng Anh . III. Reading: G6m 2 d~ng bai d9c l).i€u la tra lai cau hoi t~iic nghi~m va h,ta ch9n cac do~n van cho sin M die n vao khoang tr6ng. IV. Us·e of English: G6m 4 d~ng bai uip triic nghi~m, die n tu va vie't l~i cau. V. Composition: La m9t s6 de lu?n va bai lu?n mau (duqc in (j phi n dap an) giup cac em tham khao, rut kinh nghi~m d€ hoan thi~n kI nang vie't -cua minh. fban dap an duqc in acuoi sach se giup cac em c6 ,the kiem chung li;ii ket qua luy~n t~p cua mlnh. Chung toi hi v<;mg :r(mg cuon sach nay se huu ich cho cac em. Chuc ·cac em thanh -cong. Du da rat co gfing, SOD_; cuon sach nay cilng c6 thg con nhung khiem khuyet. Rat mong nh~n dugc nhung y kien dong g6p cua quy vj d9c gla va cac em h9c sinh. M9i g6p y xin gai "~: - Cong ti Sach - Thiet bi giiio ~l:!C Anpha. 50 Nguy~n Van Sang, Qu~n Tan Phu, Tp.HCM. DT: 2676463 - 8107718, 0903701650. - Trung tarn Sach giao dt,ic .Anpha, 225C Nguy~n Tri Phu~g, P .9, Q.5 , Tp.HCM. DT: 8547464. Email : [email protected] Xin tran tr9ng cam cm! Tac gid ~- ID!OMS (THANH NGU)I A, Chu giai cac thanh ngu thong d\lng va bai t(ip triic nghi~m· ung d,,mg . + sel l like hot takes: ban diit nhtt tom ttt<1i. Vi dv: During the days when th •.: temperature dropped under 10°C, electric heaters sold like hot cakes in the Northern cities of Vietnam,. (Su6t nhilng ngay nhitt d{) t[!,t xu6ng duai 1(f'C, lo suai ditn ban ddt nhu ten"n tuai a cac thanh oh6 mifo Bdc Vitt Na:n.) + pull someone's legs: treu ch9c ai d6 . Vi dv : He never· seems to be serious when .talking with me. He is always · trying to pull my legs. (Anh ta c6 ve cha bao gia nghiem tuc hhi n6i chuytn vai t6i. Anh ta luc nao cung tim each treu ch9c t6i.) + hit the roof: gi?n du Vi dv : The teacher hit the roof when she knew that more tha·n ten students cheated in her test. (Co ificfo qtc hi gi(in da hhi bi@t rdng lwn 10 h9c sinh quay c6p trong bai hdm tra cua c6.) + go for a song: ban gia re~ ban gia h,,i. Vi dv: We don't want to continue our business any longer. All the go6ds will go for a song so that we can close at the end of this month. (Chung t6i kh6ng mu6n ti@p t[!,C hinh doanh naa. Tat cd 'hang h6a se dur;c brin giri re d e chung t6i c6 tld do ng cila vao cu6i thring nay.) + look daggers at someone: gi?n du nhin ai d6 Vi dv: He looked daggers at the secur; .. .- guard of the supermarket · when this man asked him to open his bag. (Ong ay giq,n dil nhin ngitai nhdn vien an ninh cua sieu thf khi anh nay yeu c&u ong ma tui cua minh ra.) BDA12 5 + hand in glove: sau sat vai Vf dl): The environmentalists have been working haiid in glove with the local government t? prevent water pollut ion in this beautiful lake. (Cac nha moi tru:iJng dt di~p vien tai ba. Ong dy thinh tliodng Id cho toi nghe v~ nhilng.ld n thoat hii ni trong di.tang ta ke t6c trli(JC khi ong v~ hi.tu va den sifng a thanh ph6 .nay.) + drop a brick: n6i la lai BDA12 7 Vf dv: I found out that I had just dropped a brick when saying that I met her boyfrien d at the restaura nt because he had told her that he went to an importa nt meeting at the company. (Toi nhq,n ra ri, cau xe nhau. Vf dv: The two groups of bullies fought tooth and nail before the police came last night. - (Hai nh6m d&u gciu d6 danh nhau dtt d9i tntac lihi cdnh sat -Un toi ham qua.) + know Ii ke the back of one's hand: ro nhu long ban tay, biet tubn g t<% n Vf dµ: He has been working at this museum for more th"n 30 years and knows it like the back of his hand. <6ng aj n i·i~c tg,i ui~n bdo tang nay lwn 30 nam ua biit m9i ng6c ngt khoa n thu nh~p n?o d6) Vf dv: I can't make both ends meet with my salar y so I have to do extra work. (Toi hh6n g srfng dzl vai d6ng lztcrn g cua m inh vi the toi phdi di lam them .) + get hold of the wrong end of the stick: higu nh§.m ai d6 Vf dµ: She was offended by -what I did and got very angr y with me . I think I must expla in to her that she got ~old of the ' wron g end of the stick again . (Co dy cam thdy bf xuc plu;un bai nhun g gi toi lam va rdt giq,n toi. Toi nghi toi phdi gidi thich viii co ay ding co dy lc;ii hie'u nhdm toi nila r6i.J + Give somebody one' s word: hua Vf dµ: She told me her story and aske d me to give h er my word that I would keep it as a secre t. (Co dy Id t6i nghe clwy~n co dy va baa toi hua la gicl bi mq,t v~ chuy~n d6.) + go up th e wall: n6i gi~n Vf dv: My boss revei ved over ten lette rs of comp laint from the custo mers this morn ing and he reall y went up the wall . (Ong !lo 16 BDA 12 clul cua to ( nh(j,n han 10 thu than phi~n cua hluich hang sang nay 11a thljc slj nn'i giqn.J + to have something on the b~ain: luon nghi di ~u t,. trong tarn tri , luon _bj a m a nh}bai di~ L' gi Vf dv: Petei· is a librarian but this job is not suitable for him Lecause he has chances of travelling on the brain. He should be a tour guide. (Peter la mt;t nhaii vien tlui vi~n nlutng ngh~ nay lihong thich h<;Jp vai anh ta Iii trong d&u luon nghi di n nhllng ea h9i di day di d6. Anh ta nen lam hu6"ng ddn vien du Lich.) + get on one' s nerves: lam cho ai by'c minh Vf dv: There is a f3:ctory near the college where we study and the noise froni. it gets on our nerves. (C6 m9t nha may gtzn truang clu.'tng toi h9c va titng 6n tu nha may 'lam cho chung toi b1jc minh.J + put one's back up: lam cho ai kh6 chju, blfc minh Vf dv: I don't mean to put you:r back up but I do think that your composition is the wo_rst. (Toi hhong c6 y lam. bc;in hh6 chiu nhu,1g toi nghi ding bai luqn cua bc;in la t f nhdt.) + get one down: lam cho ai bu5n chan, khien cho ai bu6n chan Vi dv : On Tet vacation I usually return to Hue to enjoy the familyreunion atmosphere but the rain in this city really gets m8 · down. · Nao dip Tt t, toi luon v~ Hu t di thuang thuc cai kh6ng khi doan tl!, gia dinh nhung ml.ta CJ tiianh phff nay thljc Slj lam cho toi bu6n chan.) For each of the sentences below write c new sentence with . a ·similar meaning. Substitute the words in italics with the word in CAPITAL LETTERS plus one of the verbs in the box. (You. may need fo use some of them more than once.) l . - -.- -- ~ get; go; keep; make; put; take; call; come; do ; give; have; lose; pull I 1. She was so beautiful that I couldn't stop loo/zing at her . .. .... ........ ..:... ................. ... ...... .'.... .. .. ........... ..... .. ........... ... ...... EYES 13DA12 !7 2, Winning that prize has made him very conceited. ,.. .' ... ... ..... ....... .. ... ....... .. ... ............. ,..... .. ...... ......... ......... .... ..... HEAD 3. When he was a child he loved dismaniling things - to see how they worked . .... ..... ........ .. .. ..... .. ......... .................. ... ... .............. ....... ...... ... .. PIECES 4. I do.wish you'd stop biting your nails, Brian! It really annoys-m e. ..........:............. ..................................................................... NERv"'ES 5. English people in general don't like complaining in public. FUSS 6. Could you guard my handbag for me while I go to the toilet? ... ...,... ...... .... .. .... ... ................ ...... .. ... ..... ... .................. .. ... .. .... EYE 7. She's not really upset; she's only pretending. ....... ... ... .._.... .. ... ... .. .. ..... ... ... ...... .... ........ ..... ... ......... ..... ·... .. .... .. ACT· 8. We're moving to Bristol next week but we promise to stay in contact with you . ..... ............ .. ... ... ... ........ ... .. ... .............. .......... .... ...... ....... ... .. ... T.OUCH 9. You made an embarrassing mistalze when you asked him -where his wife was. Didn't you realise she was dead? ..... ....... ...... .... ... ............ .. ... ....... ..... .... .·.. ... ...... ....... ."... ......... .. . FOOT iO. I hate the winter - it really depr12sses me. · ...... ........ ... ... ... .... ....... ..... ....: .. ........ ... ......... ....... ..... .. .... ..... .... DOWN 11. It was hard not to start laughing when she started to sing . .... .. ...... .. ..... ...... ... .. .. .... ... :......... ...... .. .. ..... ......... .. .. ........ ...... .. F.ACE 12. Many husbands often don't appreciate their wives; and vice-versa . ... ,.......... .... .......... ... ..... ...·....... .... .... ..... ............. .... .. ...... .. ..... . Gl ·\NTED 13. I happen to know the manager 0f the firm you've appliec' _:, for a job. , I can recommend you, if you like . ....... .... ... .... .. ....... ... ........... ............ ... .. ..................... .......... .... WORD 14. "All this happened a long, long time ago_," said the history teacher . ...... ..... .......... .. .. .. ........ .... .. ....... ..... .... ...... ....... ....... .......... ... .. PLACE 15. Many people nowadays fir..d it increasingly difficult to exist on the money they earn. ENDS 18 BDA12 16. Telephone ine if you feel like going out for a meal one day next week. ....... .. .... .... .. ......... ....... ......... ...... ..... ..... ....... ... .. ...................... RING 17 . That wasn't what I meant at all ! You've completely m isunderstood me · as usual! ........... ...... ...... .... ................. ... .. ...... .......... ............... ...... .. .... STICK 18. Th ere's no need for us to hurry; the play doesn't start until 7.30 ." ............... ...... .. ... ....... ........... ........................ ............ ............. TIME ' 19. The fact that the President had been a drug addict was not revealed until several 'years after his death . ....... ....·.. .. .. :.............. .. .............. ...... ....... ........ ....... ........ .. ....... LIGHT 20. I may not come first in the race, but tn try as hard as I can not to come last . .. ..... ...... ....... .. ... ...... ....... ....... ....................... ............. ...... ...... BEST 21. My husband is obsessed with football; iL. the only thing he ever thinks about . ... ....... ... ... ...... .... .... .. ........ .......... ... .. .'........................... ·... .... ... BRAIN 22. We're organising a going-away party for Sue on Saturday. But don't tell her as it's supposed to be a su.rprise . ... ..... ............. .... .. ..... .. ..... ............ .. ............. ...... .. .. ... ...... ...... .. QTJ IET 23. If things go wrong, James, whatever you do, don't panic. .. ..... .. ........... ........... ...... .. .. ....... ....... ............ .-........................ . HEAD 24. More t han 1,000 runners participated in this year's Manchester marathon . ... .............. ... ............ .. .......... .. .... :.... ..... .. ... ...... ............... .. ..... PART 25. The way h e took everything she did for-granted really annoyed her. ... .. ... .. ... ...... .... ... ......................... ......... ............. .......... ..... ... BACK 26. The personnel officer promised him that she wouldn't tell anyone that h e had been in prison . ..... .... . ,.... ....... ... ........ .... ...... ... ........... ., .. .. .... .. ..... .. ...... .,.. ...... WORD 27 . We'd get the job finished much qui.cker if everyone worked as hard as everyone else. WEIGHT BDA12 , 19 28 . If you don't like the idea th en just say so·. I believe you should always speak franhly . .. ...... ..... ...... .. ... ..... .... .. ..... ........ ..... ... .:.. .. ... .... ......... .. ... ... ........ SPADE 29. My father's going to be really angry when he find s out that I've lost the car keys . WALL 30. Don't pCLy any attention to what he says; he is only trying to annoy you. ... .... ... ... .... ........ ... ...... .. .... ............ ..... .... .... ........ .. .... ....... .... .. NO.TICE ) C. Cac tu la y (Allitera tive Express ions) Cuc thanh .;.,_gu l(ip am dtiu hay tu lay thztiing dzt<;1c sii dr,tng trong th<1 ea (Vd: borne on the swollen, swaying , swishing seas); cac mtiu quang cao (Vd: 'Buy Brown's Best British Biscuits '); cac tieu d ~ bao chi Vd: Fighting Football Fans Face Fines) va trong mi')( so ciiu noi tht"ing lf:tc. + riff-raff (n) ill-be haved people of the lowest socia l : lass; the ·abble ~ ke do:n m::tt + topsy-turv y (adj) : in · or into a state of disorder confusion ~ a trong tl.nh tr?ng h6n lo?n + ship-s hape (a dj): in good order; tidy ~ g9n gang, nga n niip + si ng-so ng (n): informa l occasion when a group of peopl e sin g so ngs together ~ dip hat t~p thg + mis h-mas h (n) : confused mi xture ~ ma h on d(m + chit-chat (n): chat; gossip ~ cu9c tan gftu, n6i chuy~n phiem + rat ra ce (n) fi e rce ly competiti ve struggle, especially to keep one's position in work or life~ 'cu9c tr:mh danh quyet ii~t + sob-story (n): story intend ed to arouse sympathy or sadness in the Iiste ner or rc,,de r ~ ~huy~n th11<1ng tarn + creepy-c:aw ly(n): insect, sp ider, etc. thought of as unpl easa nt or fri ghteni ng~ loai sau b9 gam ghiec + wis hy-washy (adj) : weak or feeble in co lour, characte ri sti cs, · ciu~lity, etc ~ nh?t, yeu, khong ro ... 20 BDA12
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