Tài liệu Grammar time 1

... .a"""""• ~ Longman -~ y Jervis n ". Imperatlv The alph bet, numbers A, an, plurals Have got • Can To be , p r onal pronoun R vi ion Units 6-10 This, that, th Pre ent continuou s Preposit ion e, thos of place There I , th re ar vi ion Units 1-5 pOSS4:tssive adlect iv s , , whose? Question word Prese nt simple Prepo ition of tim Revision Units 11-14 Wordlist The alphabet o °Aa 13h L-c Dd [e FI- 6Cj Hh I. Jj Kk L/ Nn c: Pf {{fJ I ~y 5sIfUu Vv Ww X~ Yc; ZZ n: o Numbers 1 one 1 tvo 3 th(ee 4- fouf 5 five 6 7 seven 8 eight ~ SIX nine 10 ten 11 e\even 11 tve\ve 13 thi(teen 14- foufteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 11 4 1~ nineteen 10 tventy Write the first letter and find the secret animal. 1 G.. orilla 2 nsect 3 abbit 4 5 6 lligator ox 7 .lephant 3 ish 5 G _ Write , draw and find the number . • • • + th ree ............... • • • • • two five ............... eleven Read the code and find the secret phrase. A=1 C=2 E=3 two six eight five ten , H=4 K=5 0=6 P=7 nine four three R=8 T=9 Y=10 seven one eight eight six nine C -----, --­ 5 A, an, plurals A, an, a book a cake a friend a toy a present an an an an an apple elephant igloo orange umbrella -5 plurals a book an ice-cream an orange a toy Grammar corner a> We use the article a with words that begin with a consonant, for example book and toy (a book, a toy). a> We use the article an with words that begin with a vowel, (a, e, l, 0 , u), for example apple and orange (a n apple, an orange) . a> To make the plural of most nouns we add -s at the end of the word. a book a n ice-crea m 6 two books three ice-creams two books three ice-creams four oranges five toy s A, an, plurals Choose and write. ............~n~fJ . pencil ruler umbrella elephant door window orange apple octopus ball Choose and write. a, an 1 2 ~..: .. . 3 . 4 . 5 6 7 8 9 10 .. . . .. . . pen alligator rubber elephant teacher bag octopus cat egg friend Write . 1 a pencil 2 an animal 3 a cake 4 an ice-cream 5 a boy 6 a bag 7 a frog 8 an eye 9 a toy 100 tree ~~~..1?~~ .~.i.I.f? . s ix animals ............................................... ~.i~.~~ . three ............................................... four ..... ..... ............................ ......... ten ............................................... five .................. ............................. two nine seven 7 A, an, -es plurals ~ 3 "I a glass ~ --I tw~ glasses Grammar corner ~ s To make the plural of nouns that end in -x, -ss, -sh , -ch, and -0, we add -es at the end of the word. a box two box a glass three glasses ~ To make the plural of nou ns that end in vowel +y, we add -s at the end of the word. a toy seven toys ten boys a boy ~ But to make the plural of nouns that end in consonant +y, we drop the y and add -ies to the end of the word. a baby four ba bies Singular Plural a a a a a a box bus glass bru sh watch tomato five boxes three buses two glasses six brushes three watches four tomatoes a ba by a spy two ba bies three spies a boy a toy two boys three toys A, an, plural Look, count and write. 1 .? !~ . p.!?~~~~~.!? . . . ... 2 3 . 4 5 6 .. 7................................ 8 9 . ~ - * * * * ** * Write. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 kite ~~ .~n:~ ...... alligator .................. tree .................. brush .................. apple 10 .................. 11 tomato 12 .................. kites 1 .................. 2 cherries 3 4 5 6 7 ....... ........... potatoes .................. toys ........ ........ .. 8 9 dresses ..~ p. p..I.~~ .... 10 boys 11 ...... ............ 12 watches 9 A, an, irregular plurals Grammar corner ~ Some nouns do not have plurals that end in - 5 , -es , or -les, Each of these nouns changes in a different way in the plural. a tooth a mouse ~ Other nouns do not change at all in the plural. one sheep one fish 10 five teeth ten mice two sheep two fish Singular Plural child man woman tooth foot mouse children men women teeth feet mice sheep fish sheep fish A, an plural Look and write. 1 ~~.t?~~. . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~~~:t?~. . . . . .. . .. .. . . . . . .. .. . 2f .. 3 ~.~.. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4~ . 6 ~~ . --r(<" L~)') R~~. ~~::. "-;--7 . 5 ~. . . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Write . 1 a bag 2 a boy 3 a brush 4 an eye 5 a mouse 6 a child 7 a cherry (5) f.iX~..~~~ .!? . (3) ~~ :.~~ ..~.t?:t.~ . (4) .. (2) . (6) . (2) . (5) . 8 a sheep 9a 10 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 a witch woman strawberry glass ruler desk (8) . (3) . (7) . (2) . (8) (7) . . (2) . II To be, personal pronouns I am, you are (question, negative) Am I pretty? r-­ - - - - - - - ...... You aren't a bird! --==--I I'm a bird! Affirmative Negative Full form Short form Full form lam you are I'm you're I'm not I am not you are not you aren't Question - short answers Short form Am I? Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Are you? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. Grammar corner ~ ~ ~ ~ 12 When we speak we can use the short form of the verb. The short form of I am is I'm. The short form of you are is you 're. We make a question by putti ng the verb first (Am, Are) and the personal pronoun (I, you ) next. The short form of you are is you're. I am Am I? You are Are you ? We make the negative by putting not after am or are. I am not a bird. You are not a ballerina. The short forms are I'm not and you aren't. I'm not a bird. You're not a ballerina. We write a sentence with a capital letter at the beginn ing and a full stop at the end. When it is a question , we write a question mark at the end instead of a full stop . To b , personal pronouns Look, read and write. 3 Am I your best friend? 6 Wr ite . 1 2 3 4 1/ Dave you / silly I / seven you / fat ,f !. ~.~ .P~~~: . X Xc? ~.. ~.~~ ..~.l?,~ .~.i.I.I~: . ,f .. X .. 5 6 7 8 I / good you / ten I / sad you / a bird ? .. ,f .. X .. ? .. Ask and answer. 1 2 3 4 5 I / a ballerina? you / a bird? I / eight? you / a teacher? I / good? Am I a ballerina'? Yes, ~~.~..~:.~ : No, Yes, Yes, No, . . . . .. Write about you. ,Are you ten?) --{Are you a bird0 --{Are you a pupil0 13 He, she, it is (question, negative) Yes, he is. He is 1 L!.J -_~~~-";"_....J~~lI-_--~ J -~~~..,.--.....;~ very good. Listen! Oh no! He isn't o good singer! 3 e co ~ a cat ~ it Brian ~ a man ~ he . a boy Zoe ~ a woman ~ she a girl ."",..­ a ruler >"" Affirmative Negative Question - short answers Full form Short form Full form Short form he is she is it is he's she's it's he is not she is not it is not he isn't she isn't it isn't Is he? Is she? Is it? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Grammar corner E> E> E> E> 14 We use he for men and boys, she for women and girls, it for an imals and things. When we speak we usually use the short form of the verb . The short forms of he is, she is and it is, are he 's, she's and it's. To make a question we put the verb is first and then the personal pronoun he , she or it. He is. Is he ? She is. Is she? It is. Is it? We can use a short form of the negative to answer 'no' to a question. Is she funny? No, she isn't. But we do not use a short form to answer 'yes' to a question. Is he tall? Yes, he is. Yes, ke's. X To be, per onol pronouns Look and write. No, . ............... a plane. 1 ~ __\ No, Dave isn't short. ................................................ No, the bike ................................................ No, ................................................ He's . ................ a beautiful ,_ .......1.-( flower. Thank you! hungry! Write. 1 2 3 4 S 6 Dave's short. The bike is yellow. Zoe is happy. The man is fat. The pen is blue. The sheep is big. . . . . . tall. black. sad. thin. red. small. Ask and answer . 1 Bon John / a good singer? 2 Zoe / eight? 3 Dave / short? 4 the CD / new? S Zoe / happy? 6 the classroom / big? No, ~~..i.!?,~:~: Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes, .. . . . . .. 15 We, you, they are (question, negative) They're very good friends . . - - - - --{ Dave, Zoe! Are you here? }­- ---:...-' Affirmative I am (I'm) you are (you're) he is (he's) she is (she's) it is (it's) we are (we're) you are (you're) they are (they're) I am not (I'm not) you are not (you're not) he is not (he isn't) she is not (she isn't) it is not (it isn't) we are not (we aren't) you are not (you aren't) they are not (they aren't) Am I? Ar e you? Is he ? Is she? Is it? Are we? Are you? Are they? Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. Grammar corner tE> tE> tE> tE> For a lot of men , women, children, animals or things we use the personal pronoun they. When we speak we ca n use the short form of the verb. The short forms of we are, you are, they are, are we're, you're, they're. To make a question we put the verb Are first and then the perso nal pronoun (we, you , they). We are. Are we? You are. Are you? They are. Are they? We can use a short form of the negative to answer 'no' to a question . Are they hungry? No, they aren't. But we .do not use a short form to answer 'yes' to a question. Are you eight? Yes, we are. Yes, e're. X Are they frien ds? Yes , they are. Yes, t~ey ' rc. X I..... 16 To b , per onol pronouns Look, read and write. yo u N 0, Dave ...~ ~ ~~: :~..~~ p..p.~~ ... 1 they / happy! 4 it / small. . 2 I / short? No / you / not. Dave / tall. 3 she / not / funny . 6 you / not / bad. you / good 5 we / hungry. Write. 1 2 3 4 5 6 !.~.~.~..~:.~ . ~ .~.~ ~.~~: Brian and Zoe / hungry Zoe / not fat My friend and I / happy The new CD / not bad Dave , Zoe and Brian / friends The cats / small . Ask and answer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 you / a singer? they / tall? Zoe / a ballerina? it / an elephant? we / good? Dave / sho rt? ~:.~ .~~~..~ ..~~~~ .~.~!. . Yes. I am. .......................... No, .......................... Yes, .......................... No. .......................... Yes. ......... ....... . ......... No. 17 This, that, these, those Now, Corky, ID this is a watch. OK? ~~ ~ 2 1 -..J-J~_ _­ Those Grammar corner Picturei~ Singular ~ To talk about something that is near us we use this. To talk abo ut something that is furth er awa y from us, we use that. this that ~ The plural of this is these. The plural of that is those . Plural ~ We use a singular noun and the singular verb form is with this and that. these + are those This is a desk. That is an orange . We use a plural noun and the plural verb form are with these and those. These are desks. 18 - Those are oranges. + is - - Read, choo e and write. this that these those No, Mum!. . dress is pretty! ......... are rollerskates and ......... are skateboards. ......... pencil case or ......... penci'1 case.1 Write . ~~.~.~~ .~.~~:? 1 this bag 2 t:~~~..~~.!:~.h 3 4 S 6 7 8 .. those watches .. these pictures . those sheep . that boy this box this baby that child Write . Singular Plural 1 This bag is pretty. 2 That jacket is red. 3 4 This dress is blue. These bags are fI7retty. . S . These babies are good. . Those books are big. . 19 What is...? What are ...? Plural Singular What's this? What's that? It's a bag. It's an elephant. What are these? They're shoes. What are those? They're books. Grammar corner .-> To ask about things or animals we use the question word What. We use What is this / that? to ask about one thing. We use What are these / those? to ask about more than one thing. .-> The short form of What is is What's. There is no short form of What are. What's this / that? What are these / those? .-> We answer the question What's...? using the singular It's ... and What are... ? using the plural They're... What's this? It's a book. What are these? They're apples. 20 , those Look, read and write. r----(~ What's ~h?! ~ . ? )_ Wh a t are 1 . They're boxes. ......... lemons . Answer. 1 What's this? (orange) 2 What are those? (mice) 3 What are these? (dresses) 4 What's that? (desk) 5 What are these? (English books) 6 What's this? (octopus) 7 What's that? (photo) 8 What are those? (watches) !~:::: .~.~ .~.~~.t:J.~~ : !.~.~.:t.':.~ . . . '" ~ Look at the picture. Write the questions. .:« ~ !?h.~:'!.~ that ..? 1 It's a watch. They're cats. ...........................~~~~~ ..? They 're oranges. that 1. ........................................ those 1 ......................................... It's a CD. They're elephants. It's a cake. 21