Tài liệu Tuyển tập 20 năm đề thi olympic 30 tháng 4 lịch sử 11 - phạm thị trâm

907.6 T527T i\;t BAN TO CHLTC Kl THI BAN TO C H C T C Ki THI TUYEN TAP 20 NAM • DE THI OLYMPIC 30 TH^NG 4 L i c H sir 11 TH(/ V I | N T ! N H B!Mi-: THUA^vj NHA XUAT BAN DAI H O C Q U O C G I A A NQI NHA X U A T BAN DAI H Q C Q U O C GIA HA NQI 16 Hang Chuoi - Hai B a TrUng - Ha Npi Dien thoai: Bien tap-Che ban: (04) 39714896: Hanh chinh: (04) 39714899: Tong bien tap: (04) 39715011 Fax: (04) 39714899 ^ Chiu trdch nhi^m xuat ban: Gidm doc - Tong bien tap: tap: TS.PHAM T H I TRAM SACH HONG A N NHA SACH HONG A N NHA SvCa bdi: HONG Bien CM ban: Trinh bay bia: PHUC V O T H I THLTA Doi tdc lien ket xudt ban: N h a sach H O N G A N SACH LIEN KET TUYEN TAP 2 0 NAM O E THI OLIMPIC 3 0 THANG 4 - LICH SQ 11 Ma so: 2L- 73DH2014 In 800 cuon, khd 16 x 24cm tai C6ng ty TNHH SX-TM Dich vu Van An Gia'y phep xuat ban so; 116-2014/CXB/24-25 OHQGHN, ngay 16/01/2014 Quyet dinh xuat ban so; 77LK-XH/QO-NXB OHQGHN, ngay 24/2/2014 In xong va nop lou chieu quy i nam 2014. Aaci Ki thi Olympic 30 thang 4 do Sd Giao due va Dao tao, Trudng Trung hoc pho thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh to chi/c da diin ra duoc 19 ki (1995 - 2013). Ki thi da nhan dUdc su tin cay va hop tac cua cac trudng Trung hoc pho thong chuyen 6 cac tinh phi'a Nam cung nhu cac trudng Trung hoc pho thong cua Thanh pho Ho Chf Minh. Nham giup giao vien c6 them tai lieu tham khao trong viec boi dUQng, ren luyen nang khieu cho hoc sinh gioi va giup cac em hoc sinh CO tai lieu tu nang cao kien thC/c, trong nhQng nam qua, Ban To chCfc ki thi da phoi hdp v6i Nha xuat ban Giao due va Nha xuat ban Dai hoc SU Pham xuat ban bo sach Tuyen t|ip de thi Olympic 30 thang 4" hang nam. Bo sach da dUdc sU ung ho cua cac thay giao, c6 giao va cac em hoc sinh. De nang cao chat lUOng cua bp sach, nam hpc 2014, cac giao vien cua Trudng Trung hpc pho thong Chuyen Le Hong Phong Th:anh pho Ho Chi' Minh da tuyen chpn cac de thi chinh thufc va cac de thi de nghj cua cac trudng tham gia 19 ki thi Olympic vC/a qua thanh bp "Tuyen t|ip 20 nam de thi Olympic 30 thang 4". Bp sach nay gom 15 cuon lien quan den 8 mon hpc: Toan, Vat If, Hoa hpc, Sinh hpc. Van hpc, Ljch sCf, Dja If, Tieng Anh. Gidi thieu bp sach nay, chung toi ton trpng npi dung, ket cau va dap an hoac hudng d i n giai cua cac trudng de nghj. Chung toi mong nhan dupe sU dong gop cua quy thay c6 va cac em hpc sinh de bp sach dUdc hoan chinh hdn, cho Ian tai ban sau. T M . B A N T O CHLfC K I T H I HIEU TRUCJNG TRUCJNG T H P T CHUYEN L E HONG PHONG, TP. H O C H I M I N H VO ANH DUNG 3 P H A N I: C A C D E T H I C H I N H THIJTC D E T H I NAM 2007 A . P H A N T R A C N G H E E M (4 diem) I. Chon dap an dung nhat cho cac cau trac nghi^m sau: (2 diem) C a u 1: Nen cong nghiep MT tCf h^ng thuf t\i nhay len hang dau the gidfi trong thori gian: A. 15 nam. B. 20 nhm. C. 10 nam. D. 30 nam. C a u 2: Hai khuynh hifdng co hoi va each mang dau tranh gay gSt wd\ nhau trong Quoc te thuf hai xoay quanh nhOtng van de: A. Dau tranh giai cap, gianh chinh quyen, gianh ruong dat cho nong dan, ngaj^ lam 8 gicf. B. Dau tranh giai cap, chien tranh de quoc, dori song nhan dan, giai cap lanh dao each mang. C. Thuoc dia, chien tranh de quoc, ruong dat, dau tranh nghi trifcfng. D. Thuoc dia, chien tranh de quoc, dau tranh giai cap, gianh chinh quyen. C a u 3: Ket qua cuoc khori nghia dem 27/10/1917: A. Doi Can ve do va binh Ijnh each mang danh chiem cac khu wxic dau moi, tru sd cac bo, cac nhk ga, cac cau b^e qua song Neva,... B. Quan khori nghia da chiem difcfc toan bo Petorrograt va bao vay Cung dien Mua dong. C. Thu ttrdrng Kerenski bi b^t. D. Toan bo Chinh phu lam thcfi t\l san (tnf Kerenski) deu bi b^t. C a u 4: K h i Phap danh Bac K i Ian thuT h a i , t a i B^c K i h i n h t h i n h 2 t r u n g tarn k h a n g chien \6n d: D. Thai B i n h , N i n h B i n h . C. Sorn Tay, BSc N i n h . B. B^c Giang, Bac N i n h . A. H a i DLTorng, HiAig Yen. C a u 5: Bieu h i e n t r u y e n t h o n g y thufc dan toe ta: A . Dau t r a n h chong ngoai xam. B. Sdrm h i n h t h a n h quoc gia VSn L a n g - A u Lac. C. C h i n h phuc t h i e n n h i e n . D. Dau t r a n h bao ve doc lap va t h o n g n h a t dat nifdc. C a u 6: Nguyen n h a n quan t r o n g n h a t quyet d i n h t h ^ n g Igfi cua cAc cupc k h a n g chien chong x a m ILTOTC: A . Sif l a n h dao t a i gioi cua ngi/cfi chi huy. B. T i n h t h a n chien dau dung cam cua dan toe. C. Truyen thong dan toe, t i n h t h a n yeu nifdc, dokn ket cua nhan dan D. D i a h i n h , k h i hau bat Igri cho dich. C a i i 7. Bieu h i e n cung co t h o n g n h a t dat nifdfc: D. T i e n te t h o n g n h a t . C. C h i n h quyen cai t r i t h o n g n h a t . B. V a n t\l t h o n g n h a t . A. L u a t phap chat che. C a u 8. Yeu to g i n giiJ, p h a t huy t r u y e n t h o n g vSn hoa dan toe: A. D i n h h i n h tii V a n m i n h V a n L a n g - A u Lac. B. P h a t t r i e n v d i V a n m i n h D a i V i e t . C. V a n giuT b a n sac v a n hoa dan toe. D. T a t ea deu dung. - -"3 I I . D i e n d i i n g (D) h o a c s a i (S) v a o c a c c a u s a u : (1 diem) C a u 1: Cach m a n g Nga 1905 - 1907 - l a cuoe each m a n g dan chu t\i san k i e u m d i , v i cuoe each m a n g nay co g i a i cap l a n h dao la giai cap ttf san. C a u 2: V a n m i n h V a n L a n g - A u Lac la nen van m i n h cua cU dan t r o n g Ilia niidc, song t r o n g cong dong l a n g xom. C a u 3: G i a i doan t h i n h dat cua nen V a n m i n h D a i V i e t thuoc thori Ly-Tran. Cftu 4: Cach mang thang MxiiA Nga la cuoc each mang v6 san dau t i e n t r e n the gidri. I I I . C o 3 CQt g h i n h a n v|it, s^i k i ^ n v a d i a d a n h . H a y s^p x e p theo tvfng n h o m c 6 l i e n q u a n vofi n h a u : (1 diem) B . Stf k i $ n A . N h a n v|it C. D i a danh 1. Phan D i n h Phung Khofi n g h i a Ba D i n h Hiftig Y e n 2. D i n h Cong T r a n g K h d i nghia HifOng Khe Bac G i a n g 3. Nguyen T h i e n T h u a t K h d i n g h i a B a i Say Ha Tinh 4. Hoang Hoa T h a m Khori nghia Y e n The T h a n h Hoa B . P H A N T i ; L U A N (16 C a u 1: (4 diem) diem) V i sao: a. N a m 1917, ntfdc Nga c6 den hai cuoc each mang: Cach mang dan chu tuf san thang H a i va Cach mang xa hoi chu nghia t h a n g Mtfori? b. TCf t h a n g 2 den t h a n g 7, L e n i n quyet d i n h g i ^ n h c h i n h quyen bang con difcfng hoa binh? C a u 2: (4 diem) Hoan canh, d i l n bien, nguyen n h a n t h a t b a i , y nghi,9 cua cuoc Khori nghia HiTcfng Khe. V i sao n o i Khori n g h i a Hifcfng '^Ihe l a cupc khofi nghia dien h i n h t r o n g phong trao Can viftfng? C a u 3: (4 diem) Can cur vao dau de k h a n g d i n h VSn m i n h D a i V i e t di/cfc h i n h t h a n h t r e n ccf sof phuc hifng va phat t r i e n v a n m i n h ngifdi V i e t c6, tiep t h u va dong hoa a n h htrdrng cua vSn hoa T r u n g Quoc or phifcfng Bac va v a n hoa Champa d p h i a Nam? Neu dac d i e m , v i t r i va xu hxidng chuyen hoa cua nen VSn m i n h D a i V i e t . C a u 4: (4 diem) V a i t r o cua L e n i n doi vori phong trao cong n h a n N g ' va each m a n g Nga (tCf dau the k i X X den n a m 1918). 7 C a u 1: (4 D E THI NAM 2008 diem) T r e n ccf sd t r i n h bay nhiJng n e t t i e u bieu v e hoat dong cufu nUdrc cua ' -.nn B o i Chau v a Phan Chau T r i n h , h a y n h a n x e t v e x u hiidng cufu liiioc cua h a i ong. C^.ri 2; (4 ~nnh diem) b i v d i l n bien va y nghia cua cuoc Cach m a n g T a n Hcfi (1911) ..ig Quoc. V i sao goi cuoc each m a n g n a y l a cuoc each mang tU san k h o n g t r i e t de? C l i s 3: (4 dr4'm) An t i c h v a i t r o cua L i e n X6 t r c n g cnoc C h i e n t r a n h the j i d i thr . 1 (1939 - 1945). C a I 4' (4 diem) L a o b ? n g so s a n h ve x u hi/(Sng cufu nifdc chu yeu t r o n g phong t r a o :reu ..^o(c V^^t N a m cuoi t h e k i X I X v a dau t h e k i X X theo n o i dung s;'u: N^i dung dau the k i XX cuo'i t h e ' k i X I X nxidc V i $ t N a m ni^dfc V i $ t N a m Phong trao y e u Phong trao y e u Boi cdnh lien su Muc tieu dau Hinh tranh thiic dau tranh Luc licgng tham gia Kit qua va y C a u 5: (4 nghia diem) Qua viec t r i n h bay k h a i quat d i l n b i e n cua cuce khofi n g h i a Y e n The (1884 - 1913), h a y n h a n x e t dac diem cua cuoc khori nay. 8 DE THI NAM 2009 A. L I C H S t f T H E GlOfi C a u 1: (4 diem) T r i n h bay y nghia l i c h suf cua Cach m a n g t h a n g Mifcfi N g a n a m 1917. A n h hifcfng cua cuoc each mang nay doi vdi each mang Viet N a m nhiT the nao? C a u 2: (4 diem) T r i n h bay nguyen n h a n , hau qua cua cuoc k h u n g hoang k i n h te t h e gidfi (1929 - 1933). Niidrc M i da giai quyet cuoc k h u n g - h o a n g k i n h te nay nhif the nao? B. L I C H SLT V I E T N A M CavL^(4diem) Dien thcri gian, S L T k i e n ve qua t r i n h Ph^p x a m liTdc V i e t N a m tCf nam 1858 den n a m 1884 theo bfing sau: Thcfi g i a n Phap t a n cong b a n dao Scfn T r a , m d dau cuoc x a m hiac V i e t N a m . 5/6/1862 T r i e u d i n h Hue k i v6i Phap H i e p ifdrc N h a m Tuat. 20/6 den 24/6/1867 Phap danh t h a n h H a N o i Ian thuT n h a t . 15/3/1874 Phap no Sling chiem dLfgfc t h a n h H a N o i I a n thuT h a i . 6/6/1884 C a u A: (4 diem) Bang nhCMg SLT k i e n l i c h suf cua phong trao k h a n g chien chong Phdp cua n h a n t a tCr n a m 1858 den cuoi the k i X I X , em h a y chijtng m i n h cau noi cua Nguyen T r u n g TriTc "Boo gid ngiM Tdy nho het cd nitdc Nam thi mai het nguai Nam danh Tdy". 9 C a u 5: (4 diem) T r i n h bay phong trao Can VLfctog: hoan canh bung no, torn lifcfc cac giai doan p h a t t r i e n . DETHI NAM 2010 A. L I C H Stf T H E GlCfl C a u 1: (4 diem) Hay t r i n h bay sir l a n h dao cua Lenin t r o n g Cach mang thang MiTori Nga (1917) v a t r o n g cuoc dau t r a n h xay diTng, bao v$ c h i n h quyen X6 Viet ( 1 9 1 7 - 1 9 2 0 ) . C A U 2: (4 diem) Chien t r a n h t h e gidi thuT h a i ( 1 9 3 9 - 1 9 4 5 ) : a. H o a n t h a n h n o i dung bang t h o n g ke sau: Thcri gian SijC Men Tir 9/1939 den 4/1940 22/6/1940 22/6/1941 7/12/1941 1/1/1942 TCf 11/1942 den 2/1943 6/1944 9/5/1945 b. Neu t i n h chat cua cuoc chien t r a n h . c. Neu k e t cue cua cuoc chien t r a n h . B. L I C H S l ^ V I E T N A M C a u 3: (4 diem) H a y so sanh phong trao Can viTcfng chong Phap cuoi t h e k i X I X v d i phong trao g i a i p h o n g dan toe dau t h e k i X X theo bang sau: Nqi dung Phong Can trao vUctng Phong dan trao giai tgcddu phong the ki XX B o i c a n h l i c h siif Muc tieu dau t r a n h T a n g Idp l a n h dao Ltfc l i / a n g t h a m g i a H i n h thiJc d a u t r a n h Phong trao tieu bieu K e t qua, y n g h i a C a u 4: (4 diem) T o m iLfgrc cac g i a i d o a n p h a t t r i e n cua p h o n g t r a o n o n g d a n Y e n The t\l n a m 1884 d e n n a m 1913. H a y n e u n g u y e n n h a n t h a t b a i , y n g h i a l i c h sOf cua p h o n g t r a o . C a u 5: (4 diem) T r i n h b a y b u o i d a u b o a t d o n g cudi ntfdc cua N g u y e n Tat Thanh (tCr n a m 1 9 1 1 d e n n a m 1 9 1 8 ) . Q u a do h a y n e u n e t m d i t r o n g b o a t d o n g cuTu niidc cua NgiTcfi. DETHI NAM 2011 C a u 1: T r i n h b a y k h ^ i q u d t t i n h h i n h ntfdc P h d p t\i t h a n g 9/1870 t h a n g 5 / 1 8 7 1 . N e u n h a n d i n h ve cuoc each m a n g n g a y den 18/3/1871. C a u 2: L a p b a n g t h o n g k e cac p h o n g t r a o d a u t r a n h cua n h a n d a n T r u n g Quoc nufa sau t h e k i X I X t h e o cac n o i d u n g sau: l a n h d a o , d i § n b i e n , ILTC iLfcfng t h a m g i a , t i n h c h a t v a y n g h i a . C a u 3: Q u a cac birdc x a m li/grc V i e t N a m cua t h i i c d a n P h a p ( 1 8 5 8 - 1884), h a y n e u n h i J n g n e t c h i n h ve p h o n g t r a o k h a n g c h i e n c h o n g t h U c d a n P h a p x a m lagfc cua n h a n d a n t a t r o n g thcfi g i a n do. 11 C a u 4: V i sao dau the k i XX, xa hoi Viet Nam c6 sif chuyen bien sau sac? Phan tich stf chuyen bien do. C a u 5: a. Lap bang so sanh hoat dong cudi nifdrc cua Phan Boi Chau va Phan Chau Trinh theo cac noi dung: khuynh hifdrng cufu midc; chu trtfcfng, phirong phap; nhan xet chung. b. Neu torn tat nhijfng hoat dong chu yeu cua Phan Boi Chau tCf nam 1904 den nam 1913. D E T H I N A M 2012 C a u 1: (4 diem) a. Lap bang so sanh cupc Cach mang Tan Hoi d Trung Quoc (1911) vdri Cach mang xa hoi chu nghia thang MylcSi Nga (1917) theo cac noi dung: nhiem vu, lanh dao, chinh quyen nha ni/drc, lifofng, tinh chat, hudng tien len. I L T C b. 'Anh hifdng cua Cach mang thang Mifori doi vdri each mang Viet Nam? C a u 2: (4 diem) Co dung hay khong k h i cho rkng ke toi pham cham ngoi cho Chien tranh the gidri thuf hai la chu nghia phat xit Dufc, Y, Nhat nhiftig cac nUdrc Anh, Phap, M i cung phai chiu trach nhiem mot phan ve sU bung no cua cuoc Chien tranh the gidri thuT hai? C a u 3: (4 diem) Neu hoan canh lich suf va nhuTng de nghi cai each or Viet Nam nufa sau the k i XIX. Tai sao nhuCng de nghi cai each tren deu khong thUc hien diiac? C a u 4: (4 diem) Trinh bay cAc giai doan phat trien cua phong tr^o Can wfcfng. Bkng kien thufc lich sijf da hoc, em hay chiing minh rkng Khori nghia Htfcfng Khe la cuoc khdi nghia tieu bieu nhat trong phong trao Can vifong. 12 C a u 5: (4 diem) V i sao n a y s i n h k h u y n h hLforng cijfu ntrdrc mdi trong phong trao van dong giai phong dan toe dau the k i XX? Neu sif giong v a k h a c n h a u giffa hai k h u y n h hiidng bao dong va cai e a c h dau the k i X X . D E T H I N A M 2013 A . L I C H S l J T H E GlOfi C a u 1: (4 diem) a. Hoan t h a n h bang t h o n g ke cAc sif k i e n quan t r o n g cua Nga - L i e n X6 tCf 1917 - 1941 theo m i u sau: Npi dung Thofi g i a n Ke't q u a 2/1917 10/1917 1918 - 1920 1921 - 1925 1925 - 1941 b. Neu nhiJng t h a n h tifu cua L i e n X6 t r o n g qua t r i n h xay diXng chu nghia xa hoi (1921 - 1941). C a u 2: (4 diem) T r i n h bay ba chien t h a n g \dn cua Hong quan L i e n X6 t r o n g C h i e n t r a n h the gidi doi vdfi thuT h a i (1939 - 1945). Y nghia cua tCfng chien t h a n g toan cue euoc chien t r a n h . B . L I C H SLf V I E T N A M C a u 3: (4 diem) a. Lap bang so sanh t h a i do chong Phap cua t r i e u d i n h n h a N g u y i n va t h a i do cua n h a n dan V i e t N a m (1858 - 1867) theo mSu sau: 13 Mat train Da NSng nSm cua nhan dan dinh nha Nguyin T h a i dO T h a i dp c u a t r i e u 1858 Chien sif d Gia D i n h va cAc tinh mien (1859 - Dong Nam Ki 1862) C h i e n sif d ba t i n h m i e n Tay N a m K i (1867) b. Sau H i e p Lfdrc N h a m Tuat (5/6/1862), phong trao k h a n g chien cua n h a n dan N a m K i c6 diem gi mdri? C a u 4: (4 diem) K h d i n g h i a Y e n The (1884 - 1913): a. Tom lOtfc cac giai doan phat t r i e n cua K h o i nghia Yen The (1884 - 1913). b. So sanh diem khac nhau cor ban giaa Khofi nghia Y e n The vdri phong trao Can viTcfng. (lap dgv, luc lugng tham C a u 5: (4 bang so sanh: thai gian, muc dich, Idnh gia) diem) a. N g u y i n Tat T h a n h ra d i t i m di/cfng atu ni/dc t r o n g hoan canh nao? b. T r i n h bay nhOfng boat dong cua N g u y i n Tat T h a n h t r o n g nhuTng n a m 1911 - 1917. c. NhuTng boat dong dau t i e n cua Ngifori c6 y nghia nhii the nao doi vdri s\i nghiep g i a i phong dan toe cua n h a n dan V i e t Nam? 14 DE THI NAM 2007 A. P H A N T R A C N G H I E M (4 diem) I. Chon dap an diing nhat cho cac cau trAc nghi^m sau: (2 diem) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 D D B C D B -C D I I . Dien diing (D) hoac sai (S) vao cac cau sau: (1 diem) 1 2 3 4 s D D S I I I . Co 3 CQt ghi nhan v|Lt, si^ k i f n va dia danh. Hay sSp xep theo tvfng nhom c6 lien quan vdi nhau. (1 diem) A. Nhan vat B. S\i k i ^ n C. D i a danh 1. Phan Dinh Phung Khori nghia Hiiorng Khe Ha TTnh 2. Dinh Cong Trang Khofi nghia Ba Dinh Thanh Hoa 3. Nguyen Thien Thuat Khdi nghia Bai Say Hiftig Yen 4. Hoang Hoa Tham Khdi nghia Yen The Bac Giang B. P H A N Tlf L U A N (16 diem) C a u 1: (4 diem) a. Nam 1917, nii&c Nga c6 den hai CUQC each mg,ng: Cach mang dan chu t\i san thang Hai va Cach mang xa hoi chu nghia thang Mtfcfi dien ra v i c6 day du nhufng tien de khach quan va chu quan: - Sau cai each nong no 1861, chu nghia t\i ban (CNTB) phat trien manh me d Nga, va tCf dau the k i XX t h i nLfdrc Nga da chuyen len chu nghia de quoc (CNDQ). Qua trinh tap trung san xuat, tap trung tif ban dien ra manh, hinh thanh nhufng cong t i doc quyen. Tif ban tai chinh 15 cung r a dcfi. C N D Q da tao r a nhCJng t i e n de k i n h te va c h i n h t r i cho each m a n g bung no. (0,25d) - Viee Nga hoang diia niidc Nga t h a m gia vko Chien t r a n h the gidi thuT n h a t da l a m cho nLfdfc Nga t r d t h a n h ncri tap t r u n g cao do nhjjTng mau t h u a n cua C N D Q : (0,5d) + Mau thuSn giOfa toan the nhan dan Nga vdi che do Nga h o ^ g . + M a u t h u a n giUa ttf san v6i v6 san. + M a u t h u a n giijfa nong dan v d i dia chu phong k i e n . + M a u t h u a n giiJa de quoc Nga vori cac de quoc khac. - N a m 1917, C h i e n t r a n h the gidi thijf n h a t da day che do chuyen che Nga hoang den bd V L T C cua sii sup do. K i n h te b i t a n pha, suy sup. N a n doi xay r a t r a m t r o n g . C h i n h quyen Nga hoang t h o i n a t va bat life. Cac t a n g Idp n h a n dan lao dong k h o n g the song nhif trLfdc difgrc nuTa. Nii6c Nga tror t h a n h k h a u yeu n h a t t r o n g sgfi day chuyen de quoc chu n g h i a m a each m a n g c6 the choc t h u n g . (0,5d) - N h a n to quyet d i n h la giai cap v6 san Nga da tnforng t h a n h va du sufc l a m each m a n g ; da c6 mot dang each m a n g chan c h i n h (Dang Bonsevich), dufng dau la L e n i n , tCfng difcrc dien tap qua cuoc each m a n g 1905 - 1907. (0,25d) - Cac cuoc each m a n g 6' Nga t r o n g n a m 1917 da dilgfc chuan b i day du ve m a t ttf ttfdng, l i l u a n : (0,25d) + K h i giai cap t i f san thoa hiep vdfi che do chuyen che, khong dam l a m each m a n g t i f san, L e n i n ehi ro giai cap v6 san Nga phai t i e n h a n h each mang dan chu t\i san, l a t do che do Nga hoang de sau do t i e n len l a m each m a n g xa hoi chu nghia (XHCN). (0,25d) + Lai dung t i n h h i n h chien t r a n h the gidri, L e n i n dxia r a k h a u hieu "Bien chien t r a n h de quoc t h a n h n o i chien edeh mang". (0,25d) + Sau k h i Cach m a n g dan chu t i i san (DCTS) t h i n g H a i t h a n g Icfi, D a n g Bonsevich va L e n i n da c6 di/cfng lo'i, sach l\igc dung dan, k i p thcfi de dLfa den t h a n g Itfi cua Cach m a n g X H C N t h a n g Miicfi. - (0,25d) Vdri Chien t r a n h the gidi thuf n h a t , cac nLfdrc de quoc ban t h a m chien, k h o n g k i p can thiep vao n\X6c Nga, day la n h a n to khach quan thuan Icfi. i0,25d) b. Gianh chinh quyen bang con diictng hod binh: - Sau Cach mang t h a n g H a i , mXdc Nga xuat h i e n t i n h h i n h h a i chinh quyen song song ton t a i : C h i n h phij tu san l a m t h M va cac X6 viet dai bieu cong n h a n b i n h l i n h , duCng dau la X6 viet Petcfrograt. (0,25d) 16 - L e n i n diTa r a L u a n ci/cfng t h d n g ttf, chi r5 n h i e m vu l a p h a i chuyen each m a n g DCTS sang each m a n g X H C N , chu t n / t f n g "tuyet doi k h o n g ung ho C h i n h phu l a m thcfi" va difa r a k h a u hieu "Tat chinh quyen ve t a y cac X6 viet". W,25d) - Liic nay giai cap ttf san chifa suf dung bao life chong l a i cAch mang; v i i k h i or t r o n g t a y n h a n dan, sure m a n h of ve p h i a quan chung; va Dang Bonevich hoat dong cong k h a i nen c6 the g i a n h c h i n h quyen bang con ducfng hoa b i n h . Tuy n h i e n day 1^ dieu k i e n quy v ^ h i e m nen L e n i n eung chu trxforng phai chuan b i ILTC lUcfng vu t r a n g de khi can t h i e t t h i khdi n g h i a vu t r a n g g i a n h c h i n h quyen. - (0,25d) G i a n h c h i n h quyen bang eon di/cfng hoa b i n h trifdrc-het Ik dau t r a n h c h i n h t r i , bai cong, bieu t i n h , t u a n hanh,... gay sure ep, tiftig bi/drc vach m a t bon Mensevich va xa hoi each mang, vach m a t C h i n h phu l a m thcfi, doi C h i n h phu thtfc h i e n : "hoa b i n h , ruong dat, b a n h m i " , l a m cho C h i n h phu l a m thori k h u n g hoang, p h a i tijf chufc, chuyen giao "Tat ca c h i n h quyen ve t a y cac X6 viet". i0,25d) - Bi/drc thiir h a i l a dau t r a n h t r o n g noi bo cac X6 v i e t , b a i m i e n bon Mensevich, dtfa nhuCng ngi/di Bonsevich len n ^ cac X6 v i e t . NhiT t h e , hoan t h a n h g i a n h c h i n h quyen bang con diforng hoa b i n h , k h o n g do mau. (0,25d) C a u 2: (4 * Hoan diem) cdnh, dien Men, nguyen cua cugc Khofi nghia Hiicfng a. Hoan cdnh: (0,5 nhan that bgi, y nghia Khe. diem) - Tii nam 1883 - 1885, phai chu chien t r o n g t r i e u d i n h do Ton T h a t Thuyet dufng dau t i c h cifc chuan b i lire liTcfng k h a n g chien chong Phap. - N a m 1885, sau vu t a n cong toa K h a m suf Phap t h a t b a i , T o n Tha't Thuyet miicfn danh nghia vua H a m N g h i xuong chieu Can vUcfng, keu goi n h a n dan v i Vua chong Phap, n h a n dan cac ncfi hiromg uCng soi n o i . b. Diin bien:.(l diem) - L a n h t u khofi nghia l a Phan D i n h Phung, Cao T h a n g . + Giai doan 1: 1885 - 1888: Thofi k i chuan b i , xay dtftig life liigfng. Phan D i n h Phiing r a Bac l i e n k e t liTc li/gfng, Cao T h a n g xay di/ng can cuf, che tao sung. + Giai doan 2: 1889 - 1896: iHlf \/hTA! T / A i i . A ; " , , . . 17 J - Dia ban boat dong: TCif HLforng Stfn, Hi/cfng Khe (Ha Tinh) Ian ra Thanh Hoa, Nghe An... c6 to chufc chat che. - TCr nam 1889 - 1892: Nghia quan thang nhieu tran can. - TCr nam 1892, Phap can quet hen mien; nam 1893, Cao Thang h i sinh lam liic liTcfng nghia quan yeu dan. - Thang 12 - 1895, Phan Dinh PhCing h i sinh, khori nghia tan ra. - Khdi nghia Hircfng Khe la dinh cao nhat cua phong trao C a n vLroTng, da buy dong diTgrc sir ung ho cua nhan dan. c. Nguyen nhdn that bg,i: (1 diem) - Nghia quan cbiTa lien ket, tap bgfp luc lircfng tren quy mo I6n de phat trien thanh phong trao toan quoc. - Con bi ban che v i khau hieu chien dau. - Bi chi phoi hdi ttr tiTorng phong kien, so sanh lire liTcfng ta va dich chenh lech. d. Y nghia: (0,5 diem) - Co v i t r i rat to lorn trong s,\i nghiep giai phong dan toe. - De lai nhieu tam giTcfng va bai hoc kinh nghiem quy bau. * Khofi nghia Hv^ofng K h e la C U Q C khdi nghia dien hinh trong phong trao C a n vufcfng. (1 diem) - Thdi gian ton tai: 10 nam. - Quy mo rong Idn: 4 tinh. - Tinh chat ac liet, chien dau chong Phap va phong kien tay sai. - Lire ItTtfng each mang dong dao: ngir&i Kinh, ngiTcfi dan toe thieu so, ngir&i Lao, btrdre dau c6 lien lac vdri eac cuoc khori nghia khac. C a u 3: C4 diem) a. Gi&i thi^u ve sU hinh Dg.i Vi^t: (0,5 diem) thanh va phat trien Van minh - Van minh Dai Viet dirc/e hinh thanh song song vdri qua t r i n h hinh thanh va phat trien cua quoc gia Dai Viet (tCr the k i X den the k i XVIII). - Van minh Dai Viet 6\iac hinh thanh dira tren ccf sof: + Van minh Van Lang - Au Lac cua ngircfi Viet c6 dirac phuc hifng va phat trien. + Anh hirdng vSn hoa Trung Quoc d phircfng BSc. + Anh hiTofng van hoa Champa of phia Nam. 18 , b. Can cii vao cac thanh tUu van hod cua Van minh Dgi Vi^t de khdng dinh nen Van minh Dai Vi^t diipc hinh thanh diXa tren 3 ccf sd neu tren: - T h a n h txiu. van hoa k i n h te - v|lt chat: (0,5d) + Ve cor ban giong ngiicfi V i e t co, k h o n g c6 stf chuyen bien ve chat. K i n h te chu yeu v i n la nong nghiep, an - d - mSc - d i l a i v a n dam bac gian d i , . . . + Nhifng phat t r i e n v d i quy mo Idrn hcfn, t r i n h do k i t h u a t cao hcfn. K i thuat do sat da pho bien, cac nganh nghe t h u cong va boat dong buon ban k h a phon t h i n h . - T h a n h ti^u van hoa - xa hpi: (0,5d) Thiet che nha ntfotc quan chu chuyen che, phong k i e n quan lieu v & i ton t a i , bao t r u m len mot he thong cong dong cac l a n g xa c6 t r u y e n . Nhiftig phat t r i e n quy cu va hoan chinh hcfn tCf t r u n g ifofng den dia phiicyng. Vi du: Sau vua, dufng dau quan v a n la ThiTa tifdmg, dufng dau quan v6 la T h a i uy. - T h a n h txivi van hoa - tinh than: + Van hod Phat gido: Vdri cac k i e n true - dieu khac: chua t h a p , to tifcfng, due dong, khac i n k i n h saeh Phat. De l a i nhieu cong t r i n h k i e n true noi t i e n g : ehua D i e n HLTU, t h a p Bao T h i e n , ehuong Quy Dien,... (0,25d) + Van hod Nho gido: V d i dong van hoe ehOf H a n , eae cong t r i n h t h a n h quach, cung dien. Cac t h a n h tifu tieu bieu: V a n M i e u - Quoc Tuf Giam, cac tac p h a m v a n hoc nhif bai thcf t h a n tifcfng t r u y e n cua L y Thircfng K i e t , Hich tiCdng si cua T r a n Quoc Tuan. DiTa t r e n cha H a n sang tao ra ehOr N o m . (0,25d) + Van hod dan gian: V 6 i nen v a n hoc truyen mieng, cac t r 6 ehtfi ca hat, r o i nLfdre, da cau,... Do cham khSc vdfi nhieu kieu hoa v a n t r a n g t r i , difctog net m e m m a i , doc dao,... (0,25d) c. Bac diem cua Van minh Dgi Viet: (0,5d) - The hien mot nen van hoa phat t r i e n n/c rS, phong phu, doc dao. - G i n lien vdri euoe dau t r a n h xay diftig va bao ve dat nifdrc. - M a n g dam t l n h dan toe va dan gian. 19 d. Vi tri Van minh Bg,i Vi?t: (0,5d) - Neu nhtf V a n m i n h V a n L a n g - Au Lac phac hoa va d i n h h i n h ban s^c t r u y e n t h o n g dan toe, t h i V a n m i n h D a i V i e t c6 v i t r i k i e n tokn, phat t r i e n ban s£c t r u y e n thong dan toe, gop phan tao nen t a m hon v^ t i n h each Viet. e. Xu hU&ng chuyen hod: (0,25d) - Thori L y - T r a n , cac dong v a n hoa: Phat giao, Nho gido, dan gian phat t r i e n dan xen nhau, hoa nhap vao nhau. Chat k e t d i n h gSn bo ba dong v a n hod do l a y thuTc dan toe va t i n h t h a n yeu nifcJc. - Thcfi gian sau (thdi Le), cung vdri sif phan hoa dang cap xa hoi, Nho giao Ian at Phat giao, trof t h a n h chinh thong doc t o n ncfi cung d i n h . Dong van hoa cung d i n h ngay cang xcf cilng, kho ckn, k i m h a m tif tLfomg va 6c sang tao cua cac tac gia. Do do van hoa dan gian tach rcfi van hoa cung d i n h va di vao moi tn/ofng xom lang - dan gian,... C a u A'. (4 diem) 1. V a i t r o a. ThUc hi$n nhi^m vu lich sii* k e t hgrp chu nghia Mac vdri phong trao cong n h a n Nga, t h a n h lap Dang v6 san kieu mdri d Nga (1903). (0,25d) b. De ra li lugn each mg,ng: (0,25 diem) - Phat t r i e n 11 l u a n cua chu nghia Mac t r o n g t h d i dai chu nghia de quoc: Mac noi: "Chu nghia de quoc la dem tnfdc cua each mang v6 san". L e n i n p h a t t r i e n : " T r o n g thdri dai cua chu nghia de quoc, do sif phat t r i e n k h o n g dong deu cua chu nghia tiT ban, each m a n g v6 san c6 the no r a va t h a n g Icri d mot so' niTdc, t h a m chi la mot niidc r i e n g le cua chu n g h i a de quoc" hay "Cach m a n g v6 san se no r a va t h a n h cong of k h a u yeu n h a t t r o n g chuoi cAc nUdc de quoc va khau yeu n h a t do la nude Nga"... - N a m 1914, Chien t r a n h the gidi thijf nhat bung no, Nga hoang tham gia chien t r a n h de quoc, ntfdc Nga lam vao khung hoang moi mat, Lenin de ra khau hieu "Bien chien t r a n h de quoc thanh noi chien each mang". (0,5d) c. De sang ra ditctng loi chien liiffc vd sdch liitfc dung dan va tgo: - Duong loi chiS'n litgc: (0,75 diim) 20