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INDEX (MUÏC LUÏC)
PHAÀN A: GIÔÙI THIEÄU ÑEÀ TAØI (INTRODUCTION)
1. Cô sôû lyù luaän cuûa ñeà taøi (theorical background)
2. Lyù do choïn ñeà taøi (reasons for the research)
I/ PART ONE: Ñònh Nghóa Lôøi Noùi Tröïc Tieáp
Vaø Giaùn Tieáp (Definitions)
II/ PART TWO: REPORTED SPEECH (INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PRESENT
TENSES) ÑOÄNG TÖØ GIÔÙI THIEÄU ÔÛ THÌ HIEÄN TAÏI
1. Caâu töôøng thuaät (Reported speech of statement)
a) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
b) Phöông phaùp (Method)
c) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
d) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
2. Affirmative and negative imperative
(Caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh)
a) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
b) Phöông phaùp (Method)
c) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
d) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
3. Wh_question and question: (Caâu hoûi coù caùc töø ñeå hoûi vaø
caâu hoûi khoâng coù töø ñeå hoûi)
a) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
b) Phöông phaùp (Method)
c) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
d) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
III/ PART THREE: AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE
INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES
(Caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu
cuûa chuùng ôû thì quaù khöù)
1) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
2) Phöông phaùp (Method)
3) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
4) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
IV/ PART FOUR: REPORTED SPEECH OF STATEMENTS
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(INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES)
1) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
2) Phöông phaùp (Method)
3) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
4) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
V/ PART FIVE: WH-QUESTIONS AND YES-NO QUESTIONS
( INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES)
(Caâu hoûi vôùi töø ñeå hoûi vaø caâu hoûi khoâng coù töø ñeå hoûi)
1) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
2) Phöông phaùp (Method)
3) AÙp duïng thöïc teá (Practical use)
4) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
VI/ PART SIX: SOME SPECIAL STRUCTURES FOR
EXCELLENT STUDENTS
1) Caáu truùc: (Structure)
2) Baøi taäp vaän duïng (Exercise)
VII/ PART SEVEN
Soaïn giaùo aùn maãu Tieáng Anh lôùp 10
PHAÀN C: KEÁT THUÙC ÑEÀ TAØI (CONCLUSION)
PHAÀN D: APPENDIX (PHUÏ LUÏC)
1. Moät soá yeâu caàu khi daïy vaø hoïc lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp
2. Moät soá lôøi khuyeân khi daïy lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp
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PHAÀN A:
GIÔÙI THIEÄU ÑEÀ TAØI (INTRODUCTION)
1. Cô sôû lyù luaän cuûa ñeà taøi (Theorical background)
- Trong suoát nhöõng naêm toâi giaûng daïy ôû tröôøng THPT, toâi luoân lo laéng vaø traên trôû veà phaàn
lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp vì noù bao goàm nhieàu maûng kieán thöùc khaùc nhau, vaø quy trình chuyeån
ñoåi chung raát phöùc taïp, phaûi traûi qua nhieàu böôùc khaùc nhau giöõa ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi vaø
ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì quaù khöù. Chaúng haïn nhö: Khi naøo thì phaûi ñoåi ngoâi? Khi naøo khoâng ñoåi
ngoâi? Vaø caùch ñoåi thì cuûa ñoäng töø nhö theá naøo? Cuõng nhö khi naøo chuùng ta phaûi ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ
thôøi gian vaø nôi choán? Vaø Caùch chuyeån ñoåi nhö theá naøo? Chính vì vaäy maø baûn thaân toâi noùi rieâng
caùc baïn ñoàng nghieäp noùi chung raát ñang raát mô hoà vaø gaëp nhieàu khoù khaên trong vieäc giaûng daïy
chuyeân ñeà naøy, töø ñoù daãn ñeán hoïc sinh thuï ñoäng trong quaù trình hoïc vì hoïc sinh chöa hieåu ñöôïc
baûn chaát cuûa noäi dung baøi hoïc.
- Theo phöông phaùp cuõ, tieát hoïc ngöõ phaùp (language focus) noùi rieâng laø phaàn khaù buoàn teû
vaø nhaøm chaùn trong caáu truùc baøi hoïc goàm 5 phaàn (reading, speaking, listening, writing and
language focus). Vì vaäy hoïc sinh thöôøng ngoài nghe khi giaùo vieân giaûng vaø sau ñoù sao cheùp laïi
nguyeân vaên nhöõng gì maø giaùo vieân ñaõ giaûng tröôùc ñoù. Chính vì vaäy maø caùc em thieáu tö duy saùng
taïo trong quaù trình hoïc, hôn nöõa giaùo vieân cuõng chöa ñaàu tö nhieàu thôøi gian cho moãi baøi giaûng cuûa
mình; tuy nhieân treân tinh thaàn saùch giaùo khoa môùi hieän nay, tieát hoïc ngöõ phaùp (language focus) noùi
rieâng vaø caùc tieát hoïc khaùc noùi chung (reading, speaking, listening, writing) khoâng coøn khaùi nieäm
nhaøm chaùn vaø buoàn teû nöõa vì theo phöông phaùp môùi CLT (Communicative Language Teaching), thì
giaùo vieân vaø hoïc sinh phaûi coù moät taàm nhìn tích cöïc hôn trong quaù trình daïy vaø hoïc cuûa mình, coù
nghóa laø hoïc sinh phaûi maát nhieàu thôøi gian hôn ñeå chuaån bò baøi hoïc cuûa mình vaø tìm ra cho mình
phöông phaùp hoïc coù tính logic, tö duy tröøu töôïng hôn ngaøy xöa ñeå gaây caûm höùng cuõng nhö tieáp löûa
cho giaùo vieân trong quaù trình giaûng daïy. Hôn nöõa, giaùo vieân cuõng coù löûa, say söa vaø cuoán huùt theo
baøi giaûng cuûa mình. Chính ñieàu naøy giaùo vieân caûm thaáy thích thuù vaø yeâu ngheà hôn, luoân mong chôø
ñeán tieát daïy cuûa mình ñeå ñöôïc soáng trong moâi tröôøng Anh ngöõ, ñöôïc vui, ñöôïc cöôøi, ñöôïc thoaûi
maùi vaø töï tin trong quaù trình giaûng daïy. Coøn hoïc sinh cuõng luoân mong chôø ñeán tieát daïy cuûa giaùo
vieân vì ñeán tieát daïy aáy, caùc em học sinh ñöôïc vui cöôøi, ñöôïc nghe, giao tieáp vôùi giaùo vieân cuõng
nhö baïn cuøng lôùp vaø tieáp thu ñöôïc nhieàu ñieàu boå ích, môùi laï, queân ñi caûm giaùc meät moûi, teû nhaït vaø
buoàn chaùn maø caùc em thöôøng gaëp tröôùc ñaây.
2. Lyù do choïn ñeà taøi (reasons for the research):
- Nhö chuùng ta ñaõ bieát, lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp luoân giöõ moät vai troø quan troïng trong
tieáng Anh THPT (lôùp 10, Lôùp 11, lớp 12 và cả thi đại học ) hieän nay vì trong caùc kì thi quan troïng
nhö caùc kyø thi hoïc sinh gioûi Tænh và Quốc gia luoân xuaát hieän phaàn naøy.
- Hieän nay, nhieàu tröôøng vaø ña soá giaùo vieân coù caùch daïy lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp khaùc
nhau, nhöng daïy vaø hoïc nhö theá naøo cho coù hieäu quaû theo phöông phaùp môùi vaø chöông trình môùi
laø vaán ñeà ñaùng ñöôïc quan taâm.
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- Qua nhöõng khoù khaên vaø phöùc taïp cuûa lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp ñoái vôùi giaùo vieân vaø
hoïc sinh maø toâi ñaõ trình baøy trong muïc moät cuõng nhö taàm quan troïng cuûa chuùng ñoái vôùi ngöôøi hoïc
Tieáng Anh.
- Nay toâi quyeát ñònh ñaàu tö nghieân cöùu ñeà taøi naøy, nhaèm muïc ñích phaân tích vaø ch ứng minh
rõ ràng, theo moät heä thoáng maéc xích vaø logic giöõa caùc phaàn vôùi nhau, vaán ñeà ñöa ra töø ñôn giaûn
ñeán phöùc taïp, nhöng raát deã hieåu vaø deã nhôù ñeå giaùo vieân vaø hoïc sinh coù caùi nhìn khaù toaøn dieän veà
vaán ñeà naøy trong quaù trình daïy vaø hoïc.
- Caùc ví duï vaø baøi taäp töø phaàn I ñeán phaàn V gaàn nhö gioáng nhau chæ khaùc nhau laø ñoäng töø
giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi vaø quaù khöù ñeå hoïc sinh so saùnh trong quaù trình hoïc vaø vaän duïng.
- Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm naøy ñöôïc duøng cho moïi ñoái töôïng hoïc sinh ( töø hoïc sinh yeáu, trung
bình, khaù vaø gioûi) vaø nhöõng ñoái töôïng thí sinh khaùc trong caùc kyø thi.
PHAÀN B
NOÄI DUNG ÑEÀ TAØI (CONTENT)
I- DEFINITIONS (ÑÒNH NGHÓA)
1. Direct speech: (Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp)
- Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp laø laäp laïi nguyeân vaên lôøi noùi cuûa moät ngöôøi khaùc hai daáu ngoaëc keùp
“……..” vaø daáu chaám phaåy ñöôïc söû duïng.
Ex1:
He says
Introductory
“I
will meet
person
tense
you
here
person
tomorrow”
place
time
verb in simple
2. Indirect speech: (Lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp)
- Lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp hay laø caâu noùi töôøng thuaät: thuaät laïi lôøi noùi cuûa moät ai ñoù moät caùch giaùn
tieáp maø khoâng caàn laäp laïi nguyeân vaên (coù söï thay ñoåi), hai daáu ngoaëc keùp “…….” vaø daáu chaám
phaåu (;) khoâng coøn ñöôïc söû duïng nöõa.
Ex2: He
says
that
he
Introductory conjunction person
will meet
tense
me
here
person place
tomorrow”
time
verb in simple
present
II/ PARK TWO: INTRODUCTORY IN THE PRESENT TENSES
1. Reported speech of statement:
a) Structure: (Caáu truùc)
Subject1
Say(s) to = tell(s)
Ask(s), say(s)
Remind(s), advise(s)
Introductoryverb
+ (that) + Subject + Verb + time + place + Person
2
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in the present tense
b) Methods (Phöông phaùp)
- Daïng lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp maø taát caû caùc ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi nhö hieän taïi ñôn nhö
ex1 and ex2 ôû treân. Hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh (present perfect) vaø thì töông lai ñôn (Simple Future) thì
chuùng ta khoâng thay ñoåi caùc töø chæ thôøi gian (without changing times), khoâng thay ñoåi caùc töø chæ nôi
choán (without changing places) vaø thì cuûa ñoäng töø (without changing tenses) maø chæ thay ñoåi ngoâi
(changing persons) khi chuyeån sang caâu noùi giaùn tieáp sao cho hôïp nghóa nhö ñaõ trình baøy trong lôøi
noùi tröïc tieáp ôû ex1 vaø chuyeån sang lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp ôû ex2 ñaõ coù nhöõng phaàn gaïch chaân minh hoïa
cuï theå beân treân. Ñaây laø sô ñoà toång quaùt cho phaàn trình baøy ôû treân.
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
+ Simple present
Without changing tense (s)
+ Present perfect
Without changing time (s)
+ Simple future
Without changing place (s)
Only changing person (s)
b1. Caùch ñoåi ngoâi töø moät caâu noùi tröïc tieáp sang caâu noùi giaùn tieáp:
- Toâi coù tham khaûo nhieàu saùch, coù moät soá taùc giaû ñaõ ñöa ra moät soá caùch ñoåi ngoâi töông ñoái
hay, tuy nhieân chöa coù tính heä thoáng vaø chöa ñöôïc cuï theå cho neân toâi seõ ñöa ra moät soá caùch ñoåi
ngoâi thoâng thöôøng maø hoïc sinh Phoå thoâng thöôøng gaëp raát cuï theå vaø coù heä thoáng, taát nhieân coù
nhöõng ngoaïi leä toâi seõ ñeà caäp rieâng. Xeùt caùc ví duï sau ñaây.
Ex3: The students say; “We have just finished our lesson”
->
The students say that they have just finished their lesson
Ex4: He tells her; “You can go to the circus with me”
->
He tells her that she can go to the circus with him
Ex5: Mr pike says; “You can go to the circus with me”
->
Mr pike says that I can go to the circus with him”
Ex6: Mr pike says to Mary and Tom; “You can go to the circus with Ann”
->
Mr pike tells Mary and Tom that they can go to the circus with Ann”
Ex7: The instructions say; “You have to cub down the walls”
->
The instructions say that we have to cub down the walls”
Ex8: They say; “She is going to America for six months”
->
They say that she is going to America for six months
Ex9: Peter tells me; “They went to London last year”
->
Peter tells me that they went to London last year”
Ex10: They say to me; “We always try to please you”
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-> They tell me that they always try to please me
Töø ex1 ñeán ex10 ôû treân ta coù baûn chæ daãn ñoåi ngoâi sau ñaây theo vò trí chæ ngöõ nhö sau:
\
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
Ngoâi thöù nhaát soá ít
Ngoâi thöù nhaát soá nhieàu
I
Thaønh ngoâi thöù 3 soá ít: he or she theo ex1,
ex2
we
Thaønh ngoâi thöù 3 soá nhieàu: They theo ex3
Ngoâi thöù hai soá ít maø ñoäng töø
you(baïn)
giôùi thieäu coù moät taân ngöõ
Thaønh ngoâi thöù 3 soá ít: she/he theo ex4
Ngoâi thöù hai soá ít maø ñoäng töø
(baïn)
giôùi thieäu khoâng coù moät taân ngöõ
you
Thaønh ngoâi thöù nhaát soá ít: I theo ex5
Ngoâi thöù hai soá nhieàu maø ñoäng töø
giôùi thieäu coù moät taân ngöõ theo sau
you
Thaønh ngoâi thöù 3 soá nhieàu: they theo ex6
(caùc baïn)
Ngoâi thöù hai soá nhieàu maø ñoäng töø giôùi
you
thieäu khoâng coù moät taân ngöõ theo sau
(caùc baïn)
Thaønh ngoâi thöù nhaát soá nhieàu: we theo ex7
Ngoâi thöù ba soá ít:
he, she
Giöõ nguyeân: he, she theo ex8
Ngoâi thöù ba soá nhieàu:
They
Giöõ nguyeân: they theo ex9
* Ngoaïi leä:
Neáu ngoâi thöù 2 soá ít you maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu coù taân ngöõ laø me khi chuyeån sang lôøi noùi
giaùn tieáp ta ñoåi You thaønh I (chuû ngöõ) hay You thaønh me (taân ngöõ) ex10 vaø caùc vò trí coøn laïi töông
töï.
* Chuù yù: Thöù töï caùc böôùc ñoåi ngoâi theo trình töï beân treân ôû vò trí chuû ngöõ (subject). Caùc vò trí
coøn laïi nhö taân ngöõ (objects), tính töø sôû höõu (possessive adjectives) vaø ñaïi töø sôû höõu (possessive
pronouns) ta chuyeån ñoåi theo töøng vò trí töông öùng nhö chuû ngöõ (coù nghóa laø caùc ñaïi töø ñoù ôû vò trí
naøo ta chuyeån sang vò trí ñoù). Vò duï minh hoïa cho ngoâi thöù nhaát soá ít ñoåi thaønh ngoâi thöù 3 soá ít, ôû 4
vò trí: subject, object, possessive adjective, possessive pronoun nhö sau:
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Subject
Object
Possessive adjective
possessive pronoun
I
Me
My + noun
Mine
He or
she
Him or
her
His or her+noun
His or hers
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Hoïc sinh coù theå ñoái chieáu vôùi baûng chæ daãn ñoåi ngoâi theo vò trí chuû ngöõ, taân ngöõ, tính töø sôû
höõu vaø ñaïi töø sôû höõu (ôû phaàn II-b1) vaø baûng toùm taét toång quaùt ñoåi ngoâi döôùi ñaây khi chuyeån töø caâu
noùi tröïc tieáp sang giaùn tieáp.
b2: Baûng toùm taét toång quaùt ñoåi caùc ngoâi nhö sau:
Subject
Object
Possessive adjective
I
Me
My + noun
We
Us
Our + noun
You
You
Your + noun
She
Her
Her + noun
He
Him
His + noun
They
Them
Their + noun
Possessive pronoun
Mine
Ours
Yours
Hers
His
Theirs
c) Practical use (AÙp duïng thöïc teá)
* PROCEDURE (tieán trình)
- Classify the class into six groups
- Give the questions which relate to the lesson
- Encourage students to answer the questions
- Who has more correct answers is the winner
- Check and correct the questions
Teacher’s activities
T tells Ss’ to concentrate on two examples
Ex1: He says
“I will meet
you here
tomorrow” (Direct speech)
Introductory person tense person place
time
verb in simple
-> He says that he will meet me here
tomorrow” (Indirect speech)
conj person tense
person place
time
1. Structure
Can you write the Structure from the examples?
2. Method:
a. Can we change persons? Why?
b. Can we change adverbs of time? Why?
c. Can we change adverbs of place? Why?
d. Can we change tenses of verb? Why?
Students’ activities
Ss’ think over the examples before answering
1. Structure
Expected structures
Yes, we can
Remind(s), advise(s)
S1 + Say(s) to = tell(s) +
Ask(s), say(s)
(that) + S2 + Verb + time + place + Person
2. Method: Expected answers
a. Yes, we can because we can see again in part
II,b1
b. No, we can’t because introductory verbs in
the present tenses
c. No, we can’t because introductory verbs in
the present tenses
d. No, we can’t because introductory verbs in
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the present tenses
(See ex1 and ex2 above, vaø caùch ñoåi ngoâi ôû
phaàn II – 1b.2)
d) Exercises (Baøi taäp vaän duïng)
1. Anh says to John; “You may see the photos if you like”
2. He says; “I am going to town with my sister”
3. Daisy’s father says to her; “I will be back next sunday”
4. Tim says; “The circus is coming again to my town”
5. They say; “Our house is large enough for us ”
6. The boys say; “We will go to the circus”
7. Mr smith says; “I haven’t got a dictionary”
8. Her pupils say; “We can’t do these exercises”
9. Peter says; “I wash myface”
10. She says; “My trip takes me longer than I exect”
11. Mai says to him; “I intend to write to you”
12. Henry says; “Mary. I will never borrow any book from you”
13. Richard says; “I gave my friend a present yesterday”
14. The father says; “You should enroll this class”
15. Lam says; “I have just received letter from my brother”
16. Hung says; “I have just received letter from my brother”
17. He says to me; “I want you do for me”
2. Affirmative and negative imperative
Ex1:
He says
“I
Introductory
will meet
person
you
tense
here
person
tomorrow”
place
time
verb in simple
->
He
says
that
Introductory conjunction
he
will meet
person
tense
me
person place
verb in simple
present
Ex2: He tells her; “Meet
me here
now” (direct speech)
person place
->
time
He tells her to meet him here now” (Indirect speech)
Ex3: He tells her; “Don’t meet
me
here
now” (direct speech)
person place time
->
here
He tells her not to meet him here now” (Indirect speech)
a. Structure
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
-8
tomorrow”
time
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
a1) Affirmative imperative:
ask (s), tell (s), order (s)
Subject +
command (s), request (s)
+ Object + to verb
Advise (s), remind (s)
People
a2: Negative imperative
ask (s), tell (s), order (s)
Subject +
command (s), request (s)
+ Object + not + to verb
advise (s), remind (s)
People
b) Method:
Phöông phaùp caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh thì gioáng phöông phaùp caâu töôøng
thuaät maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi laø chæ ñoåi ngoâi, caùch ñoåi ngoâi ñaõ ñöôïc trình baøy ôû phaàn II
(töø ex1 -> ex9 vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1.b2). Coøn traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán thì khoâng ñoåi
(theo ex1, ex2 vaø ex3 ôû treân), chæ khaùc nhau veà caáu truùc (theo ex1, ex2 vaø ex3 ôû treân).
c) Practical use (AÙp duïng thöïc teá)
PROCEDURE (tieán trình)
-Classify the class into six groups
-Give three examples about reported speech of statement ,affirmative
and negative imperative
-Make the questions which relate to the lesson and ask Ss to answer how
different are they?
-Encourage students to answer the questions
-Who has more correct answers is the winner
-Check and correct the questions If necessary
Teacher’s activities
T tells Ss’ to concentrate on three examples
Ex1: He says
“I
will meet
you
here
tomorrow”
Introductory person
tense
person
place
time
verb in simple
-> He
says
that he
will meet
me
here tomorrow”
Introductory conj person
tense
person
Students’ activities
Ss’ think over the examples before answering the
questions
Expected structures
a) Yes, it is
b) Yes, we can
a1) Affirmative imperative:
Subject +
ask (s), tell (s), order (s)
command (s), request (s)
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
-9
+ Object +
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
place
time
verb in simple
present
Ex2: He tells her; “Meet me
here
now”
(direct speech)
person place
time
-> He tells her to meet him here now” (Indirect
speech)
Ex3: He tells her; “Don’t meet me here
now” (direct speech)
person place
time
-> He tells her not to meet him here now” (Indirect
speech)
a. Structure
1) Is affirmative imperative different from negative
imperative about the Structure?
2) Can you write the Structure from the examples?
to verb
Advise (s), remind (s)
People
a2: Negative imperative
ask (s), tell (s), order (s)
Subject + command (s), request (s)
advise (s), remind (s)
+ (not) to verb + ......
theo ex1, ex2 and ex3
+ Object +
People
Expected answers
1. No, it isn’t because reported speech of statement
and negative imperative as well as affirmative
imperative don’t change about
tenses of verb, adverbs of time and adverbs of place.
2. Yes, it is because reported speech of statement
and negative imperative as well as affirmative
b. Method:
imperative will have to change about person(s). See
1. Is reported speech of statement different from part II (töø ex1 -> ex9 vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1b.2)
negative imperative as well as affirmative imperative
about changing tenses of verb, adverbs of time and
adverbs of place? Why?
2. Is reported speech of statement similar to negative
imperative and affirmative imperative about changing
person(s)? why?
d) Exercises (Baøi taäp vaän duïng)
1. She begs; “Tell me about him”
2. He say to me; “Take this stick to help you on your way”
3. David says to me; “Let me go with you”
4. Father says to his son; “Tell the servant to buy me some grades”
5.The manager says to us; “Come in to my office, please”
6. The teacher says to us; “Don’t make so much noise”
7. Mr Green tells bill; “Please, come to our dinner tonight”
8. Susan askes Tom; “Don’t call me again at this late hour”
9. The police man orders him; “Don’t touch anything in this room”
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 10
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
10. The old lady tells Jim; “Will you please water the flowers for me tonight?”
11. The teacher says to his pupils; “Keep quiet and do your test”
12. Anh says to her sister; “Don’t gorget to wake up at 6.00”
13. My brother tells me; “Go with me to our fan club”
14. Mary says to her sister; “Don’t tell your classmates our story”
15. The boss says to his secretary; “Please type and send these letters for me”
16. He orders them; “Don’t put your feet on the desk”
17. She says to me; “Don’t forget to send your parents my regards”
18. She tells me; “Shut the door but don’t lock it”
19. He asks her; “Come to the cinema with me”
20. I say to Mary; “Lend me your pen for a moment”
21. The girl says to boys; “Don’t lean your bicycle against my window”
22. She tells him; “Are you a student?”
23. The teacher tells boys; “Are you writing your name on the paper”
24. My boy friend asks me; “Can you say your name, please”
25. Mr Green tells Lan; “Do you write the report for me?”
26. Ann says to her; “Will you do your home work tonight”
3. Wh-questions and yes- no questions:
Ex1: He says
“I
will meet you here tomorrow”
Introductory
person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
-> He says that he will meet me here tomorrow”
Ex2: He tells her; “Why
won’t
you meet me here tomorrow?”
tense
person
place
time
-> He tells her why she won’t meet him here tomorrow
Ex3: He tells her; “Will
you meet me here tomorrow?”
tense
person
place
time
-> He tells her if/ whether she will meet him here tomorrow
a. Structure
1. Wh-question
Say(s) to = tell(s)
S1 +
Ask(s), wonder (s),
Remind (s), advise(s)
Inquire (s), say (s)
2. Question:
S1 +
+object + wh-question + if or whether
+ S2 + Verb … theo (ex2)
Say(s) to = tell(s)
Ask(s), wonder (s),
Remind (s), advise(s)
inquire (s), say (s)
+object + if or whether + S2
+ Verb … theo (ex3)
Introductoryverb
in
theLeâ
present
tenseKhương
GV:
Trọng
Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 11
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
b. Method:
Phöông phaùp caâu hoûi vôùi Wh-question and question: thì gioáng phöông phaùp caâu töôøng thuaät
maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi laø chæ ñoåi ngoâi, caùch ñoåi ngoâi ñaõ ñöôïc trình baøy ôû phaàn II – (töø
ex1 ñeán ex9 vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1b2), caùc traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán vaø thì cuûa ñoäng
töø khoâng thay ñoåi. (theo ex1, ex2 vaø ex3 ôû treân), chæ khaùc nhau veà caáu truùc
c) Practical use (AÙp duïng thöïc teá)
PROCEDURE (tieán trình)
-Classify the class into four groups
-Give three examples about reported speech of statement, wh-question and
question
-Make the questions, ask Ss to work in groups and answer how different or
similar they are (reported speech of statements and wh-questions and yes-no questions)
- Encourage students to answer the questions
- Check and correct the questions If necessary
- The winner is a person who has more right answers
Teacher’s activities
T tells Ss to concentrate on three examples
Ex1: He says
“I
will meet you
here
tomorrow”
Introductory person
tense
person
place
time
verb in simple
-> He
says
that
he
will meet me
here tomorrow”
Introductory conj person
tense
person
place
time
verb in simple
present
Ex2: He tells her; “Meet me here
now”
(direct speech)
person place
time
-> He tells her to meet him here now” (Indirect
speech)
Ex3: He tells her; “Don’t meet me
here
now” (direct speech)
person place
time
Students’ activities
Ss’ think over the examples before answering the
questions
Expected structures
a) Yes, it is
b) Yes, we can
1. Wh-question
S1 +
Say(s) to = tell(s)
Ask(s), wonder (s),
Remind (s), advise(s)
inquire (s), say (s)
+object + wh-question + if or whether
+ S2 + Verb … theo (ex2)
2. Question:
Say(s) to = tell(s)
S1 +
Ask(s), wonder (s),
Remind (s), advise(s)
inquire (s), say (s)
Expected answers
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 12
+object + if or whether + S2
+ Verb … theo (ex3)
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
-> He tells her not to meet him here now” (Indirect
speech)
a. Structure
1) Is Wh-question different from question about the
structures?
2) Can you write the Structure from the examples?
1. No, it isn’t because reported speech of
statement, wh-question and question don’t change
about tenses of verb, adverbs of time and adverbs
of place.
2. Yes, it is because reported speech of
statement , wh-question and question will have to
change about person(s). See part II (ex1 -> ex9
vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1b.2)
b. Method:
1. Is reported speech of statement different from whquestion and question about changing tenses of verb,
adverbs of time and adverbs of place? Why?
2. Is reported speech of statement similar to whquestion and question about changing person(s)? why?
d. Execises (Baøi taäp vaän duïng)
1. I ask Mary; When will you learn to play the piano”
2. Mr pike asks his wife; “What does the doctor say”
3. My parents told me; “Who are you writing to”
4. The pupils ask their teacher; “How do you spell Manchesrter?”
5. Ann asks her their teacher; “where are my dolls?”
6. She will tell you; “I am very sorry”
7. He has just told me; “The English governmet put wolf Tone in Prison”
III/ PARK THREE: AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE
(INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES)
Ex1: He tells her; “Meet me here
now” (direct speech)
person place time
->
He tells her to meet him
here
now (direct speech)
person place time
Ex2: He told her; “Meet
me here
now” (direct speech)
person place time
->
He told her to meet him
there then” (direct speech)
person place time
Ex3: He tells her; “Don’t meet me here now” (direct speech)
person place time
-> He tells her not to meet him here now” (Indirect speech)
Ex4: He told her; “Don’t meet me here now” (direct speech)
person place time
-> He told her not to meet him there then” (Indirect speech)
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 13
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
1. Structure:
a1) affirmative imperative
asked, told, ordered
Subject +
commanded, requested
Advised, reminded
+ Object + to verb
People
a2: Negative imperative
Subject +
asked, told, ordered
commanded, requested
Advised, reminded
+ Object + not + to verb
People
-Nhö vaäy, caáu truùc caùc caâu meänh leänh chæ khaùc nhau veà ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì quaù khöù vaø
hieän taïi, caùc phaàn coøn laïi thì hoaøn toaøn gioáng nhau.
2. Method:
-Caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì quaù khöù thì gioáng nhau
vôùi caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi laø cuøng ñoåi ngoâi
nhö ñaõ trình baøy ôû phaàn II (töø ex1ñeán ex9 vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1b2).
-Phöông phaùp caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi,
chuùng ta khoâng thay ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ nôi choán vaø traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian, ñaõ ñöôïc trình baøy ôû
phaàn II – 2.b; Ngöôïc lai caâu meänh leänh khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì quaù
khöù thì phaûi ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán (theo ex1, ex2, ex3 vaø ex4 ôû treân ). Caùch ñoåi
traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán ñöôïc trình baøy nhö sau:
CHANGING TIME AND PLACE
Direct speech
This/these
Here
Now
Today
Tonight
At the moment
This week
This month
This year
This day
This summer…
The day before yesterday
The day after tomorrow
Indirect speech
That/ those
There
Then
That day
That night
At that moment
That week
That month
That year
That day
That summer…
Two days before
In two days’ time
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 14
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
Yesterday
Yesterday morning
Yesterday afternoon
Yesterday evening
Last night
Last week
Last month
Last year
Last summer…
Tomorrow
Tomorrow morning
Tomorrow afternoon
Tomorrow evening
Next week
Next month
Next year
Next autumn…
Next decade
Next century...
The day before/ the previous day
The morning before/ the previous morning
The afternoon before/ the previous afternoon
The evening before/ the previous evening
The night before/the previous night
The week before/ the previous week
The month before/ the previous month
The year before/ the previous year
The summer before/ the previous summer
The next day/ the following day/ the day after
The next morning/ the following moring/ the morning
after
The next afternoon/ the following afternoon/ the
afternoon after
The next evening/ the following evening/ the
evening after
The next week/ the following week/
the week
after
The next month / the following month/
the
month after
The next year / the following year / the
year after
The next autumn/ the following autumn /
the
autumn after
The next decade / the following decade /
the
decade after
The next century / the following century /
the
century after
Toâi laáy laïi phaàn baøi taäp veà caâu meänh leänh maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi trong phaàn
II, chæ ñoåi ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu sang thì quaù khöù ñeå hoïc sinh ñoái chieáu vaø suy luaän trong quaù trình
laøm baøi taäp.
3. Practical use (AÙp duïng thöïc teá)
PROCEDURE (tieán trình)
- Classify the class into eight groups
- Give four examples about affirmative and negative imperative
(introductory verbs in the past tenses)
- Make the questions, ask Ss to work in groups and answer how different or
similar are they? (affirmative and negative imperative introductory verbs in
the past tenses)
- Encourage students to answer the questions
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 15
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
- Check and correct the questions then announce the winners
Teacher’s activities
T tells Ss to concentrate on three examples
Ex1: He tells her; “Meet me here
now” (direct speech)
person place
time
-> He tells her to meet him
here
now
(direct speech)
person place
time
Ex2: He told her; “Meet me here
now” (direct speech)
person place
time
-> He told her to meet him
there
then” (direct speech)
person place
time
Ex3: He tells her; “Don’t meet me here
now” (direct speech)
person place
time
-> He tells her not to meet him here now”
(Indirect speech) Ex4: He told her; “Don’t
meet me here now” (direct speech)
person place
time
-> He told her not to meet him there then”
(Indirect speech)
1. Structure
a) Is affirmative imperative different from
negative imperative about the structures?
b) Can you write the Structure from the
examples?
2. Method:
a. Why is (affirmative imperative and
negative imperative) introductory verb in the
present tense different from introductory verb
in the past tense about changing adverbs of
time and adverbs of place?
b. Why is (affirmative imperative and
negative imperative) introductory verb in the
present tense similar to introductory verb in
Students’ activities
Ss’ think over the examples before answering
the questions
1. Structure:
Expected structure
a) Yes, it is
b) Yes, we can
a1) affirmative imperative
asked, told, ordered
Subject + commanded, requested + Object +
to verb
Advised, reminded People
a2: Negative imperative
asked, told, ordered
Subject + commanded, requested + Object +
not + to verb
Advised, reminded
People
Expected answers
a. We won’t change adverbs of time and
adverbs of place because introductory verb is
in the present tense whereas we will have to
change adverbs of time and adverbs of place
because introductory verb is in the past tens.
(Caùch ñoåi xem phaàn II.2)
b. because we have to change person (s) so
that people can understand their meanings in
reported speech. (Caùch ñoåi ngoâi xem laïi phaàn
II 1b.2)
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 16
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
the past tense about changing person(s)?
4. Baøi taäp vaän duïng
1. She begged; “Tell me about him”
2. He said to me; “Take this stick to help you on your way”
3. David said to me; “Let me go with you”
4. Father said to his son; “Tell the senvant to buy me some grades”
5. The manager said to me; “Come in to my of fice, please”
6. The teacher said to us; “Don’t make so much noise”
7. Mr Green told bill; “Please, come to our dinner tonight”
8. Susan asked Tom; “Don’t call me again at this late hour”
9. The boss said to his secretary; “Please, type and send these letters for me”
10. The policeman ordered; “Don’t touch anything on this room”
11. The old lady told Jim; “please, water the flowers for me”
12. The teacher said to his pupils; “Keep quiet and do your test”
13. Ann said to her sister; “Don’t forget to wake up at 6.00”
14. My brother told me; “Go with me to our fan club”
15. Mary asked her sister; “Don’t tell your classmates our story”
16. He ordered them; “Don’t put your feet on this desk”
17. She said to me; “Shut the door and don’t lock it”
18. I said to Mary; “Lend me your pen for a moment”
19. He asked her; “Come to the cinema with me”
20. The girl said to the boys; “Don’t lean your bicycles against my window”
IV/ PART FOUR: REPORTED SPEECH OF STATEMENT
(INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES)
Ex1:
He says
“I
will meet you here tomorrow”
Introductory
person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
=>
He
says
that
he
will meet me
here tomorrow
Introductory conjunction person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
present
Ex2: He said
“I
will meet you here tomorrow”
Introductory
person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
=>
He said
that
he would meet me
there the next day
Introductory conjunction person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
present
1. Structure:
said to = told
Subject1
Asked, said
+ (that) + Subject + Verb + time + place + Person
Reminded, advised
2
Introductoryverb
GV: Leâ
Trọng
Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
in the
past tense
- 17
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
Nhö vaäy caáu truùc caâu töôøng thuaät khaúng ñònh chæ khaùc nhau veà ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän
taïi vaø thì quaù khöù, coøn caùc phaàn coøn laïi hoaøn toaøn gioáng nhau.
2. Method:
Caâu töôøng thuaät maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôø thì hieän taïi vaø quaù khöù ñeàu ñöôïc ñoåi ngoâi nhö ñaõ
trình baøy trong phaàn II (töø ex1, ñeán ex9 vaø baûn toùm taét ñoåi ngoâi 1.b2)
Ngöôïc laïi caâu töôøng thuaät maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì hieän taïi thì khoâng ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ
thôøi gian, traïng ngöõ chæ nôi choán vaø thì cuûa ñoäng töø nhö ñaõ trình baøy trong phaàn II, coøn caâu töôøng
thuaät maø ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu ôû thì quaù khöù thì phaûi ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian, traïng ngöõ chæ nôi
choán (ñöôïc trình baøy trong phaàn III – 2 vaø thì cuûa ñoäng töø theo ex1, ex2 ôû treân)
Döôùi ñaây laø caùch ñoåi thì cuûa ñoäng töø
CHANGING TENSES
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present
Simple past
Present perfect
Past perfect
Simple past
Past perfect
Simple future
Future in the past
Present continuous
Past continuous
Present perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous
Past continuous
Past perfect continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous
3. Practical use (AÙp duïng thöïc teá)
PROCEDURE (tieán trình)
- Classify the class into six groups
- Give two examples about reported speech of statement (introductory
verbs in the past tenses and introductory verbs in the present tenses)
- Make the questions, ask Ss to work in groups and answer how different or
similar are they
- Encourage students to answer the questions
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 18
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
- Check and correct the questions then declare the winners
Teacher’s activities
T tells Ss to concentrate on three examples
Ex1: He says
“I
will meet you
here tomorrow”
Introductory person
tense
person
place
time
verb in simple
=> He says
that he
will meet
me
here tomorrow
Introductory conj person
tense
person place
time
verb in simple
present
Ex2: He said
“I
will meet you
here
tomorrow”
Introductory person
tense
person
place
time
verb in simple
=> He said
that he would meet
me there the next day
Introductory conj person tense
person place
time
verb in simple
Present
1. Structure
a) Is reported speech of statement
(introductory verbs in the past tenses different
from introductory verbs in the present tenses)
about the Structure?
b) Can you write the Structure from the
examples?
2. Method:
a. Why is (reported speech of statement )
introductory verb in the present tense different
from introductory verb in the past tense about
changing adverbs of time, adverbs of place
and tenses of verb ?
b. Why is (reported speech of statement)
Students’ activities
Ss’ compare the examples with the questions
from the teacher
Expected structure
a) Yes, it is
b) Yes, we can
S1
said to = told
Asked, said
Reminded, advised
Introductoryverb
in the past tense
+ (that) + S2 + Verb
+ time + place + Person
Expected answers
a. We won’t change adverbs of time, adverbs
of place and tenses of verb because
introductory verb is in the present tense
whereas we will have to change adverbs of
time, adverbs of place and tenses of verb (caùch
ñoåi thì ñöôïc trình baøy ôû treân vaø ex1,ex2)
because introductory verb is in the past tense.
(Caùch ñoåi traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán
ñöôïc trình baøy ôû phaàn III.
b. because we have to change person (s) so
that people can understand their meanings in
reported speech. (Caùch ñoåi ngoâi ñaõ ñöôïc trình
baøy ôû phaàn II – 1b.2)
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
- 19
Saùng kieán kinh nghieäm
Daïy vaø hoïc Lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp vaø giaùn tieáp Tieáng Anh THPT theo phöông phaùp
môùi
introductory verb in the present tense similar
to introductory verb in the past tense about
changing person(s)?
4. Baøi taäp vaän duïng
1. Mary said; “I go to school by bicycle”
2. Anh said to John; “You may see the photos if you like”
3. He said; “I am going to town with my sister”
4. Daisy’s father said to her; “I’ll be back next Sunday and buy you a new doll”
5. Tim said; “The circus is coming again to my town”
6. They said; “Our house is large enough for us”
7. The boys said; “We will go to the circus with you”
8. Mr smith said; “I haven’t got a dictionary”
9. Her pupils said; “We can’t do these exercises”
10. Peter said; “I wash my face tomorrow morning”
11. She said; “My trip takes me longer than I expect”
12. Mai said to him; “I listen to you”
13. Henry said; “Mary, I will never borrow any book from you”
14. Rechard said; “I gave my friend a present yesterday evening”
15. My friend said to me; “He died three years ago”
16. The father said; “You should enroll this class tomorow”
17. Lam said; “I have already done my homework”
18. Hong said; “I have just received a letter from my brother”
19. He said to me; “I want you to do for me”
20. We said to them; “your houses are very nice”
21. She said to them; “He has lived here for 4 years”
22. Tom said; “I’m going away for a few days and will phone you when I get back”
23. Mr. Pike said; “I saw John yesterday but he didn’t see me”
24. She said to her mother; “I haven’t seen him since I came here”
25. Father said; “I am going back next week”
26. Johnny’s father said; “The English government put him in prison the day
before yesterday”
27. Tom said; “The children had better go to bed early”
28. I said; “They ought to widen this road”
29. The reporter said; “The queen will open a new hospital in London the day
after tomorrow”
30. Mother said; “I must help them now”
V/ PART FIVE: WH_QUESTIONS AND YES - NO QUESTIONS
(INTRODUCTORY VERBS IN THE PAST TENSES)
Ex1: He tells her; “Why
won’t
you
meet me here
tomorrow?”
GV: Leâ Trọng Khương Tröôøng THPT Lộc Hưng
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