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Medical Terminology
Prefixes and suffixes
The following is an alphabetical list of medical prefixes and suffixes, along with their meanings,
origin, and an English example.
A
Prefix or
suffix
a-, an-
Meaning
Denotes an absence of
ababdomin(o)-
away from
Of or relating to the
abdomen
-ac, -acal
pertaining to
acanth(o)-
thorn or spine
acous(io)-
Of or relating to
hearing
acr(o)-
extremity, topmost
-acusis
hearing
-ad
toward, in the direction
of
increase, adherence,
motion toward, very
Of or relating to a gland
adaden(o)-,
aden(i)adip(o)-
Origin language and
etymology
Ancient Greek ἀ-/ἀν(a-/an-), without, not
Latin
Latin (abdōmen),
abdomen, fat around the
belly
Greek -ακός (-akos)
Ancient Greek ἄκανθα
(akantha), thorn
Greek ἀκουστικός
(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
Greek ἄκρον (akron),
highest or farthest point
Greek ἀκουστικός
(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
alge(si)-
pertaining to
Denoting a white or
pale color
pain
Apathy, Analgia
Abduction
Abdomen
cardiac, hydrophobiac,
pharmacomaniacal
acanthion, acanthocyte,
acanthoma, acanthulus
acoumeter, acoustician
Acrocrany, acromegaly,
acroosteolysis, acroposthia
paracusis
dorsad
Latin
Adduction
Ancient Greek ἀδήν,
ἀδέν- (adēn, aden-), an
acorn; a gland
Latin (adeps, adip-), fat
Adenocarcinoma,
adenology, adenotome,
adenotyphus
Adipocyte
Of or relating to fat or
fatty tissue
adren(o)Of or relating to adrenal Latin
glands
-aemia (BrE) blood condition
Greek ἀναιμία, without
blood
aer(o)air, gas
Greek ἀήρ, ἀέρος
aesthesio- (BrE)
sensation
Greek αἴσθησις
-al
alb-
Example(s)
adrenal artery
Anaemia
Aerosinusitis
Anesthesia
Latin -alis
Latin albus, white
abdominal
Albino
Greek ἄλγος
Analgesic
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-algia
alg(i)oalloambi-
amnioamph-,
amphiananaan(o)
andr(o)angi(o)anisoankyl(o)-,
ancyl(o)anteantiapoarch(i,e,o)
pain
pain
Denoting something as
different, or as an
addition
Denoting something as
positioned on both
sides; Describing both
of two
Pertaining to the
membranous fetal sac
(amnion)
on both sides
Greek
Greek
Ancient Greek ἄλλος
(allos), another, other
Myalgia
Myalgia
Alloantigen, allopathy
Latin (ambi-, ambo),
both, on both sides
Ambidextrous
Greek ἄμνιον
Amniocentesis
Greek ἀμφί (amphi)
not, without
back, again, up
anus
pertaining to a man
blood vessel
Describing something
as unequal
Denoting something as
crooked or bent
Greek
Greek
Latin
Greek ἀνήρ, ἀνδρGreek ἀγγεῖον
Ancient Greek ἄνῑσος
(anīsos), unequal
Ancient Greek ἀγκύλος
(ankýlos), crooked,
curved
Latin (āntē), before, in
front of
Amphicrania, amphismela,
amphomycin
Analgesia
Anaplasia
Describing something
as positioned in front of
another thing
Describing something
as 'against' or 'opposed
to' another
separated from, derived
from
first, primitive
arteri(o)-
Of or pertaining to an
artery
arthr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
joints, limbs
joint
pertaining to
enzyme
articul(o)-ary
-ase
-asthenia
atel(o)
-ation
atri(o)-
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weakness
imperfect or incomplete
development
process
an atrium (esp. heart
atrium)
Andrology, android
Angiogram
Anisotropic, anisocytosis
Ankylosis
antepartum
Ancient Greek αντι (anti),
against
Antibody, antipsychotic
Ancient Greek ἀπό
Apoptosis
Ancient Greek ἀρτηρία
(artēría), a wind-pipe,
artery (used distinctly
versus a vein)
Ancient Greek αρθρος
(arthros), a joint, limb
Latin articulum
Latin -arius
Greek διάστασις,
division
Greek, ἀσθένεια
archinephron : first formed
kidney
Artery, Arteriole
Arthritis
Articulation
bilary tract
Lactase
Myasthenia gravis
atelocardia : imperfect
development of the heart
Latin
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atrioventricular
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aur(i)aut(o)aux(o)axillazo(to)
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Of or pertaining to the
ear
self
increase; growth
Latin (auris), the ear
Aural
Greek αὐτο-
Of or pertaining to the
armpit [uncommon as a
prefix]
nitrogenous compound
Latin (axilla), armpit
Autoimmune
auxocardia : enlargement of
the heart
Axilla
azothermia : raised
temperature due to
nitrogenous substances in
blood
B
Prefix/suffi
x
balanobibioblast(o)blephar(o)brachi(o)brachy-
Meaning
Origin language and etymology
Of the glans penis or
glans clitoridis
twice, double
Greek βάλανος - balanos, acorn,
glans
Latin
Balanitis
life
germ or bud
Of or pertaining to the
eyelid
Of or relating to the arm
Ancient Greek βίος
Greek βλαστός
Ancient Greek βλέφαρον
(blépharon), eyelid
Latin (brachium), from Ancient
Greek βραχίων (brachiōn), arm
Ancient Greek βραχύς (brachys),
short; little, shallow
Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradys),
slow
Biology
Blastomere
Blepharoplast
brady-
Indicating 'short' or less
commonly 'little'
Indicating 'slow'
bronch(i)-
bronchus
bucc(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
cheek
bursa
burs(o)-
Example(s)
Brachium
brachycephalic
Bradycardia
Latin (bucca), cheek
Bronchiolitis
obliterans
Buccolabial
Latin
Bursitis
C
Prefix/suffix
capillcapitcarcin(o)cardi(o)carp(o)-
Meaning
Of or pertaining to hair
Pertaining to the head
(as a whole)
cancer
Of or pertaining to the
heart
Of or pertaining to the
wrist
Origin language and etymology
Latin (capillus), hair
Latin (caput, capit-), the head
Example(s)
Capillus
Capitation
Greek καρκίνος (karkinos), crab
Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía),
heart
Latin (carpus) < Ancient Greek
καρπός (karpós), wrist; NOTE:
This root should not be confused
with the mirror root carp(o)meaning fruit.
Carcinoma
Cardiology
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Carpopedal
3
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cata-cele
-centesis
cephal(o)cerat(o)cerebell(o)cerebr(o)cervicchem(o)chir(o)-,
cheir(o)chlor(o)-
down, under
pouching, hernia
surgical puncture for
aspiration
Of or pertaining to the
head (as a whole)
Of or pertaining to the
cornu; a horn
Of or pertaining to the
cerebellum
Of or pertaining to the
brain
Of or pertaining to the
neck, the cervix
chemistry, drug
Of or pertaining to the
hand
Denoting a green color
chol(e)cholecyst(o)-
Of or pertaining to bile
Of or pertaining to the
gallbladder
chondr(i)o-
cartilage, gristle,
granule, granular
color
chrom(ato)-cidal, -cide
cilicircumcisclast
cocol-, colo-,
colonocolp(o)comcontra
corcor-, core-,
corocordicornu-
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Greek κατά (kata)
Ancient Greek κήλη (kēlē)
Ancient Greek κέντησις (kentēsis)
Cataract
Hydrocele
Amniocentesis
Ancient Greek κεφαλή (képhalē),
the head
Ancient Greek κέρας, κερατ(kéras, kerat-), a horn
Latin (cerebellum), little brain
Cephalalgy
Latin (cerebrum), brain
Cerebrology
Latin (cervix, cervīc-), neck, cervix
Cervicodorsal
Greek χημεία
Ancient Greek χείρ, χειρο- (cheir,
cheiro-), hand
Ancient Greek χλωρός (chloros),
green, yellow-green
Ancient Greek χολή (cholē), bile
Ancient Greek χοληκύστις
(cholēkýstis), gallbladder < χολή
(cholē), bile, gall + κύστις (kýstis),
bladder
Ancient Greek χονδρός (chondros)
Chemotherapy
Chiropractor
Ancient Greek χρῶμα
Ceratoid
Cerebellum
Chlorophyll
Cholaemia
Cholecystectomy
Chondrocalcinosi
s
Hemachromatosi
s
killing, destroying
Of or pertaining to the
cilia, the eyelashes;
eyelids
Denoting something as
'around' another
on this side
break
with, together, in
association
colon
Latin
< Latin (cilium), eyelash; eyelid
Ciliary
Latin (circum), around
Circumcision
Of or pertaining to the
vagina
with, together
against
with, together
Of or pertaining to eye's
pupil
Of or pertaining to the
heart [Uncommon as a
prefix]
Applied to processes and
Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos),
bosom, womb; hollow, depth
Latin
Latin
Latin
Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē), girl,
doll; pupil of the eye
Latin (cor, cordi-), heart
Latin (cis)
Greek κλαστός
Latin
Colonoscopy
Colposcopy
Contraindicate
Corectomy
Commotio cordis
Latin (cornū), horn
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cost(o)coxcrani(o)-
parts of the body
describing them likened
or similar to horns
Of or pertaining to the
ribs
Of or relating to the hip,
haunch, or hip-joint
Belonging or relating to
the cranium
-crine
cry(o)cutanecyan(o)-
to secrete
cold
skin
Denotes a blue color
cyclcyph(o)-
circle, cycle
Denotes something as
bent [uncommon as a
prefix]
Of or pertaining to the
urinary bladder
cell
cell
cyst(o)-,
cyst(i)cyt(o)-cyte
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Latin (costa), rib
Costochondral
Latin (coxa), hip
Coxopodite
Latin (cranium) < Ancient Greek
κρᾱνίον (krānion), the cranium,
skull, bones enclosing the brain
Craniology
Greek κρύος
Latin
Ancient Greek κύανος, κυάνεος
(kýanos, kyáneos), blue
Greek κύκλος (kuklos)
Ancient Greek κυφός (kȳphós),
bent, hunchback
Ancient Greek κύστις (kýstis),
bladder; cyst
Greek κύτος
Greek
Endocrine
Cryoablation
Subcutaneous
Cyanopsia
Cyphosis
Cystotomy
Cytokine
Leukocyte
D
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
dacryodactyl(o)-
tear
Of or pertaining to a finger, toe
dedent-
away from, cessation
Of or pertaining to teeth
dermat(o)-,
derm(o)-
Of or pertaining to the skin
-desis
dextr(o)dididia-
binding
right, on the right side
two
apart, separation
(same as Greek meaning)
difdigit-
apart, separation
Of or pertaining to the finger
[rare as a root]
separation, taking apart
Of or pertaining to the back
disdors(o)-,
dors(i)-
Origin language and
etymology
Greek δάκρυ
Ancient Greek δάκτυλος
(dáktylos), finger, toe
Latin deLatin (dens, dentis),
tooth
Ancient Greek δέρμα,
δέρματ- (dérma,
démat-), skin, human
skin
Greek δέσις (desis)
Latin dexter
Greek διLatin
Ancient Greek διά (diá),
through, during, across
Latin
Latin (digitus), finger,
toe
Latin disLatin (dorsum), back
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Example(s)
Dactylology
Dentist
Dermatology
arthrodesis
Dextrocardia
Diacetyl
Digit
Dissection
dorsal,
Dorsocephalad
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duodeno-
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dynam(o)-
duodenum, twelve: upper part of the
small intestine (twelve inches long
on average), connects to the
stomach
force, energy, power
-dynia
dys-
pain
bad, difficult
Latin duodeni
Duodenal
atresia
Greek δύναμις
(dunamis)
Greek δυσ-
Dysphagia,
dysphasia
E
Prefix/suffix
-eal
ecect(o)-ectasis
-ectomy
-emesis
-emia
Meaning
pertaining to
out, away
outer, outside
expansion, dilation
Denotes a surgical
operation or removal of a
body part. Resection,
excision
vomiting condition
blood condition (AmE)
encephal(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
brain. Also see Cerebro.
endo-
Denotes something as
'inside' or 'within'
Of or pertaining to the
intestine
[Same as Greek meaning:
on, upon]
enter(o)epiepisi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
pubic region, the loins
erythr(o)-
Denotes a red color
-esophageal,
-esophago
esthesioeuexexo-
gullet (AmE)
extra-
outside
sensation (AmE)
true, good, well, new
out of, away from
Denotes something as
'outside' another
Origin language and
etymology
Latin
Greek ἐκ- (ek-)
Greek ἐκτός
Ancient Greek ἔκτασις
Ancient Greek ἐκτομή
(ectomē), excision
Greek ἕμεσις
Greek ἀν-αιμία,
without blood
Ancient Greek
ἐγκέφαλος
(enképhalos), the brain
Ancient Greek ἐνδο(endo-), inside, internal
Ancient Greek ἔντερον
(énteron), intestine
Ancient Greek ἐπι(epi-), before, upon, on,
outside, outside of
Ancient Greek ἐπίσιον(epísion), the pubic
area, loins; vulva
Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός
(erythros), red
Greek οἰσοφάγος
Greek αἴσθησις
Greek
Latin
Ancient Greek ἐξω(exo-), outside of,
external
Latin
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Example(s)
Ectopic pregnancy
Bronchiectasis
Mastectomy
Hematemesis
Anemia
Encephalogram
Endocrinology,
Endospore
Gastroenterology
Epistaxis, epicardium,
episclera, epidural
Episiotomy
Erythrocyte
Eukaryote
Exoskeleton
6
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F
Prefix/suffix
faci(o)fibr(o)
filli-form, -iform
fossa
front-
Meaning
Of or pertaining to the
face
fiber
fine, hair like
Used to form adjectives
indicating 'having the
form of'
Of or pertaining to the
forehead
Origin language and
etymology
Latin (faciēs), the face,
countenance
Example(s)
Facioplegic
Fibroblast
Latin (forma), form,
shape
Cuneiform
Latin (fossa), ditch, pit
Latin (frōns, front-), the
forehead
fossa ovalis
Frontonasal
G
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
galact(o)gastr(o)-
milk
Of or pertaining to the
stomach
-gen
(1) Denotes the sense
'born in, from' (2)
Denotes the sense 'of a
certain kind'
Formative, pertaining to
producing
Of or pertaining to the
knee
Of or pertaining to the
gums
Denoting a grey, bluishgrey color
-genic
genugingivglauc(o)gloss(o)-,
glott(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
tongue
glucoglycognath(o)-
glucose
sugar
Of or pertaining to the
jaw
knowledge
seed, semen; also,
reproductive
record or picture
-gnosis
gon(o)-gram
Origin language and
etymology
Greek γάλα, γαλακτAncient Greek γαστήρ
(gastēr), γαστρ-, stomach,
belly
Ancient Greek -γενής (genēs) < γεν-νάειν (gennáein), to be born
Example(s)
Galactorrhea
Gastric bypass
(1) Endogen; (2)
Heterogenous
Greek
Cardiogenic shock
Latin (genū), knee
Genu valgum
Latin (gingīva), gum
Gingivitis
Ancient Greek γλαῦκος
(glaúkos), grey, bluishgrey
Ancient Greek γλῶσσα,
γλῶττα (glōssa, glōtta),
tongue
Greek γλυκός, sweet
Glaucoma
Ancient Greek γνάθος
(gnáthos), jaw
Greek
Ancient Greek γόνος
Greek γράμμα
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Glossology
Glucocorticoid
Glycolysis
Gnathodynamometer
diagnosis, prognosis
Gonorrhea
Angiogram
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-graph
record or picture
-graphy
gyn(aec)o(BrE), gyn(ec)o(AmE)
process of recording
woman
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Ancient Greek -γραφία (graphía), written, drawn,
graphic interpretation
Greek γυνή, γυναικ-
Electrocardiograph
Angiography
Gynecomastia
H
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
halluc-
to wander in mind
hemat-,
haemato(haem-, hem-)
hema or hemo-
Of or pertaining to blood
hemi-
one-half
hepat- (hepatic-)
Of or pertaining to the
liver
heter(o)-
Denotes something as 'the
other' (of two), as an
addition, or different
sweat
tissue
similar
hidr(o)hist(o)-, histiohome(o)hom(o)humer(o)hydr(o)hyperhyp(o)hyster(o)-
blood (AmE)
Denotes something as 'the
same' as another or
common
Of or pertaining to the
shoulder (or [rarely] the
upper arm)
water
Denotes something as
'extreme' or 'beyond
normal'
Denotes something as
'below normal'
Of or pertaining to the
womb, the uterus
Origin language and
etymology
Classical Latin to wander
in mind
Latin (hæma) < Ancient
Greek αἵμα, αἱματ(haima, haimat-), blood
Greek
Ancient Greek ἡμι(hēmi-), "half"
Ancient Greek ἥπαρ,
ἡπατο- (hēpar, hēpato-),
the liver
Ancient Greek ἕτερος
(héteros), the other (of
two), another; different
Greek ἱδρωτGreek ἱστός
Ancient Greek ὅμοιος
(homoios)
Ancient Greek ὁμο(homo-), the same,
common
Incorrect Etymology <
Latin (umerus), shoulder
Greek ὕδωρ
Ancient Greek ὑπέρ
(hyper), over, above;
beyond, to the extreme
Ancient Greek ὑπ(ο)(hypo-), below, under
Ancient Greek ὑστέρα
(hystéra), womb
Example(s)
Hallucinosis
Hematology, older
form Haematology
Hematological
malignancy
Cerebral hemisphere
Hepatology
Heterogeneous
Hyperhidrosis
Histology
Homeopathy
Homosexuality
Humerus
Hydrophobe
Hypertension
Hypovolemia,
Hysterectomy
I
Prefix/suffi
x
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
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Example(s)
8
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-i-asis
iatr(o)-
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-ic
-icle
-ics
pertaining to
small
organized knowledge, treatment
idio-
self, one's own
ileoinfra-
ileum
below
Greek -ίασις
Ancient Greek ἰᾱτρός
(iātrós), healer,
physician
Ancient Greek ἰᾱτρός
(iātrós), healer,
physician
Greek -ικός (-ikos)
Latin
Latin -ica < Greek <
-ικά
Greek ἴδιος, idios,
"one's own"
Greek ἰλεός
Latin
inter-
between, among
Latin
intra-
within
Latin
irid(o)ischio-
iris
Of or pertaining to the ischium, the hipjoint
Greek ἴρις
Ancient Greek ἰσχιόν
(ischión), hip-joint,
ischium
-ism
-ismus
iso-
condition, disease
spasm, contraction
Denoting something as being 'equal'
-ist
-ite
-itis
-ium
isch-
one who specializes in
the nature of, resembling
inflammation
structure, tissue
Restriction
-iatry
condition
Of or pertaining to medicine, or a
physician [uncommon as a prefix;
common as as suffix, see -iatry]
Denotes a field in medicine of a certain
body component
Mydriasis
Iatrochemistry
Podiatry,
Psychiatry
Hepatic artery
Ovarian follicle
Idiopathic
Ileocecal valve
Infrahyoid
muscles
Interarticular
ligament
Intracranial
hemorrhage
Iridectomy
Ischiorrhogic
Dwarfism
Greek -ισμός
Ancient Greek ἴσος
(ísos), equal
Greek -ιστής (-istes)
Greek -ίτης
Greek ἴσχω
Isotonic
Pathologist
Hermaphrodite
Tonsillitis
pericardium
Ischemia
K
Prefix/suffix
karyokerat(o)kin(e)-, kin(o),
kinesi(o)koil(o)kyph(o)-
Meaning
nucleus
cornea (eye or
skin)
movement
hollow
humped
Origin language and
etymology
Greek κάρυον, "nut"
Greek
Example(s)
Eukaryote
Keratoscope
Greek κινέω
Kinesthesia
Greek κοῖλος (koilos)
Greek κυφός
Koilocyte
Kyphoscoliosi
s
L
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
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Example(s)
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labi(o)lacrim(o)-
Of or pertaining to the lip
tear
etymology
Latin (labium), lip
Latin
lact(i)-,
lact(o)
lapar(o)-
milk
Latin
latero-
Of or pertaining to the abdomenwall, flank
Of or pertaining to the larynx,
the lower throat cavity where the
voice box is
lateral
Ancient Greek λαπάρᾱ
(lapárā), flank
Ancient Greek λάρυγξ,
λαρυγγ- (lárynx, laryng-),
throat, gullet
Latin
lei(o)-lepsis, -lepsy
smooth
attack, seizure
Greek λεῖος
Greek λῆψις
lept(o)leuc(o)-,
leuk(o)lingu(a)-,
lingu(o)lip(o)lith(o)log(o)-logist
light, slender
Denoting a white color
Greek λεπτός (leptos)
Ancient Greek λευκός
(leukos), white, bright
Latin (lingua), tongue
-logy
Denotes the academic study or
practice of a certain field
lymph
dissolution
Destruction, separation
laryng(o)-
lymph(o)lys(o)-, -lytic
-lysis
Of or pertaining to the tongue
fat
stone, calculus
speech
Denotes someone who studies a
certain field: _____-logy
Greek λίπος
Greek λίθος
Greek λόγος
Ancient Greek λογιστής
(logistēs), studier,
practitioner
Ancient Greek λόγoς
(logos) study
Greek λέμφος, λύμφη
Greek
Greek λύσις
Labiodental
Lacrimal
canaliculi
Lactation
Laparotomy
Larynx
Lateral pectoral
nerve
Leiomyoma
Epilepsy,
narcolepsy
Leukocyte
Linguistics
Liposuction
Lithotripsy
Oncologist,
pathologist
hematology,
urology
Lymphedema
Lysosome
Paralysis
M
Prefix/suffix
macr(o)-malacia
mamm(o)mammill(o)manumast(o)meg(a)-,
megal(o)-,
Meaning
large, long
softening
Of or pertaining to the
breast
Of or pertaining to the
nipple
Of or pertaining to the
hand
Of or pertaining to the
breast
enlargement
Origin language and
etymology
Greek μακρός
Greek μαλακία
Latin (mamma), breast; udder
Example(s)
Macrophage
Osteomalacia
Mammogram
Latin (mammilla), nipple
Latin (manus), hand
Manufacture
Ancient Greek μαστός
(mastós), breast, women's
breast; man's pectoral muscle
Greek μέγας
Mastectomy
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Splenomegaly
10
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
-megaly
melan(o)-
black color
melos
mening(o)mero-
extremity
membrane
part
mes(o)meta-meter
-metry
metr(o)micromon(o)morph(o)muscul(o)my(o)myc(o)myel(o)myring(o)myx(o)-
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
Ancient Greek μέλας,
μελανο- (melas, melano-),
black; dark
Ancient Greek μέλος
Greek μῆνιγξ, μηνιγγGreek μέρος (meros), part
Melanin
erythromelalgia
Meningitis
merocrine,
meroblastic
middle
Ancient Greek μέσος (mesos), Mesoderm
"middle"
after, behind
Greek μετά
Metacarpus
measurement
Greek μέτρον
Sphygmomanometer
process of measuring
Greek -μετρία
Optometry
Pertaining to conditions Ancient Greek μήτρᾱ (mētrā), Metrorrhagia
or instruments of the
womb, uterus
uterus
denoting something as
Ancient Greek μικρός
Microscope
small, or relating to
(mikros), small
smallness
single
Greek μονός
Infectious
mononucleosis
form, shape
Greek μορφή
Morphology
muscle
Latin
Musculoskeletal
system
Of or relating to muscle Ancient Greek μῦς, μυ- (mys, Myoblast
my-), muscle; mouse; mussel
fungus
Greek μύκης, μυκητOnychomycosis
Of or relating to bone
Ancient Greek μυελόν
Myeloblast
marrow
(myelon), marrow; bonemarrow
eardrum
Latin myringa
Myringotomy
mucus
Greek μύξα
Myxoma
N
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
narc(o)nas(o)necr(o)-
numb, sleep
Of or pertaining to the nose
death
neonephr(o)-
new
Of or pertaining to the kidney
nerv-
Of or pertaining to nerves and
the nervous system [Uncommon
as a root: neuro- mostly always
used]
Of or pertaining to nerves and
the nervous system
neur(i)-,
neur(o)-
Origin language and
etymology
Greek νάρκη
Latin (nāsum), nose
Greek νεκρός
Example(s)
narcolepsy
nasal
Necrotizing
fasciitis
Neoplasm
Nephrology
Greek νέος
Ancient Greek νεφρός
(nephrós), kidney
Latin (nervus), tendon;
Nerve
nerve; Cognate with the
Greek νευρον (neuron) (see
below)
Neurofibromatosi
Ancient Greek νεῦρον
s
(neuron), tendon, sinew;
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11
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
normo-
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
nerve
Latin
normal
Normocapnia
O
Prefix/suffix
ocul(o)odont(o)odyn(o)-oesophageal,
oesophago(BrE)
-oid
ole
olig(o)om(o)-oma (singular),
-omata (plural)
omphal(o)oncoonych(o)oooophor(o)ophthalm(o)optic(o)-
or(o)orchi(o)-,
orchidoorth(o)-osis
Meaning
Of or pertaining to
the eye
Of or pertaining to
teeth
pain
gullet
resemblance to
small or little
Denoting something
as 'having little,
having few'
Of or pertaining to
the shoulder
tumor, mass,
collection
Of or pertaining to
the navel, the
umbilicus
tumor, bulk, volume
Of or pertaining to
the nail (of a finger or
toe)
Of or pertaining to
the an egg, a woman's
egg, the ovum
Of or pertaining to
the woman's ovary
Of or pertaining to
the eye
Of or relating to
chemical properties
of the eye
Of or pertaining to
the mouth
testis
Denoting something
as straight or correct
a condition, disease
or increase
Origin language and
etymology
Latin (oculus), the eye
Example(s)
Oculist
Ancient Greek ὀδούς, ὀδοντ(odoús, odont-), tooth
Greek ὀδύνη
Greek οἰσοφάγος
orthodontist
Greek -οειδής
Latin
Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (oligos),
few
Sarcoidosis
Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmos),
shoulder
Greek -ωμα
Omoplate
Ancient Greek ὀμφαλός
(omphalós), navel, belly-button
Omphalotomy
Greek ὄγκος
Ancient Greek < ὄνυξ, ὀνυχο(ónyx, ónycho-), nail; claw;
talon
Ancient Greek ᾠόν, ᾠο- (ōón,
ōo-), egg, ovum
Oncology
Onychophagy
Neoclassical Greek ᾠοφόρον
(ōophóron), ovary, egg-bearing
Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός
(ophthalmós), the eye
Middle French (optique) <
Greek ὀπτικός (optikós);
Cognate with Latin oculus,
relating to the eye
Latin (ōs, or-), mouth
Oophorectomy
Greek ὀρχις (orkhis, orkhi-)
Orchiectomy,
Orchidectomy
Orthodontist
Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthos),
straight, correct, normal
Greek -ωσις
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stomatodynia
Oligotrophy
Sarcoma, Teratoma
Oogenesis
Ophthalmology
Opticochemical
Oral
Harlequin type
ichthyosis,
12
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
Psychosis
osseoossi-
bony
bone
Latin
Latin
ost(e)-, oste(o)ot(o)-
bone
Of or pertaining to
the ear
pertaining to
Of or pertaining to
the ovaries
Of or pertaining to
the eggs, the ovum
addition of oxygen
sharp, acid, acute,
oxygen
Greek ὀστέον
Ancient Greek οὖς, ὠτ- (ous,
ōt-), the ear
Latin -osus
Latin (ōvarium), ovary
-ous
ovari(o)ovo-, ovi-, ovoxooxy-
Latin (ōvum), egg, ovum
Peripheral ossifying
fibroma
Osteoporosis
Otopathy
Ovariectomy
Ovogenesis
Greek ὀξύς
Greek ὀξύς
P
Prefix/suffix
papill-
Of or pertaining to the nipple (of
the chest/breast)
papul(o)-
Indicates papulosity, a small
elevation or swelling in the skin, a
pimple, swelling
para-paresis
parvopath(o)-pathy
alongside of, abnormal
slight paralysis
small
disease
Denotes (with a negative sense) a
disease, or disorder
ped-, -ped-,
-pes
pelv(i)-,
pelv(o)-penia
peo-pepsia
Of or pertaining to the foot; -footed
Origin language and
etymology
Greek παχύς
Latin (palpebra),
eyelid
Ancient Greek πᾶς,
παν- (pas, pan-), all,
every
Latin (papilla), nipple;
dimunitive of papula
(see below)
Latin (papula), pimple,
pustle; a small
elevation or swelling
in the skin
Ancient Greek παρά
Greek πάρεσις
Latin parvus
Greek πάθος
Ancient Greek πάθος
(pathos), suffering,
accident
Latin (pēs, pēd-), foot
hip bone
Latin
Pelvis
deficiency
Of or pertaining to the penis
Denotes something relating to
digestion, or the digestive tract.
Greek πενία
Greek πέος (peos)
Ancient Greek πεπτός
(peptós) cooked,
digested < πέσσω
(péssō) I boil, cook;
osteopenia
Peotomy
Dyspepsia
pachypalpebrpan-, pant(o)-
Meaning
thick
Of or pertaining to the eyelid
[uncommon as a root]
Denoting something as 'complete'
or containing 'everything'
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Example(s)
pachyderma
Palpebra
panophobia,
panopticon
Papillitis
Papulation
hemiparesis
Parvovirus
Pathology
sociopathy,
neuropathy
Pedoscope
13
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
perperi-pexy
phaco-
through
Denoting something with a position
'surrounding' or 'around' another
fixation
lens-shaped
-phage,
-phagia
Forms terms denoting conditions
relating to eating or ingestion
-phagophagist-:
eating, devouring
Forms nouns that denote a person
who 'feeds on' the first element or
part of the word
Forms nouns that denotes 'feeding
on' the first element or part of the
word
phallus
-phagy
phallopharmacopharyng(o)-
drug, medication
Of or pertaining to the pharynx, the
upper throat cavity
-phil(ia)
phleb(o)-
attraction for
Of or pertaining to the (blood)
veins, a vein
phob(o)phon(o)phos-
exaggerated fear, sensitivity
sound
Of or pertaining to light or its
chemical properties, now historic
and used rarely. See the common
root phot(o)- below.
Of or pertaining to light
phot(o)phren(i)-,
phren(o)-,
phrenico
-plasia
-plasty
-plegia
pleiopleur(o)-,
pleur(a)
[[diaphragm (anatomy)|diaphragm],
the mind]
formation, development
surgical repair, reconstruction
paralysis
more, excessive, multiple
Of or pertaining to the ribs
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
digest
Latin
Ancient Greek περί
(peri), around
Greek πῆξις
Greek φακός
Ancient Greek φαγία
(phagía) eating <
φαγεῖν (phagein) to eat
Greek -φάγος
Ancient Greek
φαγιστής (phagistēs)
eater; see -phagia
Ancient Greek φαγία
(phagia) eating; see
-phagia
Greek φαλλός
(phallos)
Greek φάρμακον
Ancient Greek
φάρυγξ, φαρυγγ(phárynx, pháryng-),
throat, windpipe;
chasm
Greek φιλία
Ancient Greek φλέψ,
φλεβ- (phleps,
phlebo-), blood-vessel,
vein
Greek φόβος
Greek φωνή
Ancient Greek φῶς,
φωτ- (phōs, phōt-),
light
Periodontal
Nephropexy
phacolysis,
phacometer,
phacoscotoma
Sarcophagia
phagocyte
Lotophagi
Anthropophagy
Aphallia
pharmacology
Pharyngitis,
Pharyngoscopy
Hemophilia
Phlebography,
Phlebotomy
arachnophobia
Phosphene
Ancient Greek φῶς,
φωτ- (phōs, phōt-),
light
Greek φρήν, φρεν-
Photopathy
Greek πλάσις
Greek πλαστός
Greek πληγή
Greek pleion
Latin (pleura) <
Ancient Greek
πλευρόν (pleurón), rib,
side of the body
Achondroplasia
rhinoplasty
paraplegia
pleiomorphism
Pleurogenous
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Phrenic nerve,
schizophrenia
14
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
-plexy
pneum(o)-
stroke or seizure
Of or pertaining to the lungs
pneumat(o)pod-, -pod-,
-pus
-poiesis
polio-
air, lung
Of or pertaining to the foot, -footed
poly-
Denotes a 'plurality' of something
por(o)porphyr(o)-
pore, porous
Denotes a purple color
post-
Denotes something as 'after' or
'behind' another
Denotes something as 'before'
another (in [physical] position or
time)
pre-
presby(o)primproproct(o)prot(o)-
production
Denoting a grey color
old age
Denotes something as 'first' or
'most-important'
Denotes something as 'before'
another (in [physical] position or
time)
anus, rectum
Denotes something as 'first' or
'most-important'
pseudopsych(e)-,
psych(o)
Denotes something false or fake
Of or pertaining to the mind
-ptosis
falling, drooping, downward
placement, prolapse
(a spitting), spitting, hemoptysis,
the spitting of blood derived from
the lungs or bronchial tubes
Of or relating to the lungs.
-ptysis
pulmon-,
pulmopyel(o)-
pelvis
pyopyro-
pus
fever
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
Greek πλῆξις
Ancient Greek
πνεύμων, πνευμον(pneumōn, pneumon-),
lung < πνεῦμα
(pneuma), wind, spirit
Cataplexy
Pneumonocyte,
Pneumonia
Ancient Greek πούς,
ποδ- (poús, pod-), foot
Podiatry
Ancient Greek πολιός
(poliós), grey
Ancient Greek πολυς
(polys), much, many
Ancient Greek
πορπύρα (porphýra),
purple
Latin (post), after,
behind
Medieval Latin (pre-)
< (Classical) Latin
(præ), before, in front
of
Greek
Latin (prīmus), first,
most important
Ancient Greek προ
(pro), before, in front
of
Ancient Greek πρωτος
(prōtos), first;
principle, most
important
Ancient Greek ψυχή
(psyché), breath, life,
soul
hematopoiesis
Poliomyelitis
Polymyositis
Porphyroblast
Postoperation,
Postmortem
Prematurity
Presbyopia
Primary
Procephalic
proctology
Protoneuron
Psychology,
Psychiatry
Apoptosis
Latin (pulmo,
pulmōn-, usually used
in plural), a lung
Ancient Greek
(pyelos)
Greek πύον
Greek πῦρ, πυρετός
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pulmonary
Pyelonephritis
Pyometra
Antipyretic
15
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
Q
Prefix/suffix
quadr(i)-
Meaning
four
Origin language and etymology
Example(s)
quadriceps
Latin
R
Prefix/suffix
radiorerect(o)ren(o)reticul(o)retrorhabd(o)rhachi(o)rhin(o)rhod(o)-rrhage
-rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
(AmE)
-rrhexis
-rrhoea
(BrE)
rubr(o)-
Meaning
radiation
again, backward
rectum
Of or pertaining to the
kidney
net
backward, behind
rod shaped, striated
spine
Origin language and
etymology
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin (rēnes), kidney
Latin
Latin
Greek ῥάβδος
Greek ῥάχις
Example(s)
renal
retroverted
rachial, rachialgia,
rachidian, rachiopathy
rhinoceros, rhinoplasty
burst forth
rapid flow of blood
surgical suturing
flowing, discharge
Ancient Greek ῥίς, ῥῑνο(rhīs, rhīno-), nose
Ancient Greek ῥόδον
(rhódon), rose
Greek -ρραγία
Greek -ρραγία
Greek ῥαφή
Greek -ρροια
rupture
flowing, discharge
Greek ῥῆξις
Greek -ρροια
Diarrhoea
Of or pertaining to the red
nucleus of the brain
Latin (ruber), red
Rubrospinal
Of or pertaining to the
nose
Denoting a rose-red color
Rhodophyte
Hemorrhage
Galactorrhea
S
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
salping(o)-
Of or pertaining to the fallopian
tubes
sangui-,
sanguinesarcoschist(o)-
Of or pertaining to blood
schiz(o)-
Denoting something 'split' or
'double-sided'
muscular, fleshlike
split, cleft
Origin language and
etymology
Ancient Greek σάλπιγξ,
σαλπιγγ-, (sálpinx,
salpingo-) trumpet
[literally]
Latin (sanguis,
sanguin-), blood
Greek σάρξ, σαρκGreek σχιστός
(schistos)
Ancient Greek σχιζω;
Irregular formation of
the verb σχίζειν
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Example(s)
Salpingectomy
Sanguine
sarcoma
Schizophrenia
16
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
scler(o)-sclerosis
scoli(o)-scope
-scopy
semisial(o)sigmoid(o)sinistr(o)sinus-
hardness
hardening of the skin
twisted
instrument for viewing
use of instrument for viewing
one-half, partly
saliva, salivary gland
sigmoid, sigmoid colon
left, left side
Of or pertaining to the sinus
-sis
sitosomat(o)-,
somaticospasmosperma-,
spermo-,
spermatosplanchn(i)-,
splanchn(o)splen(o)spondyl(o)-
condition of
food, grain
body, bodily
(schizein), to cut, split
Greek σκληρός
Greek
Greek σκολιός (skolios)
Greek -σκόπος
Greek -σκοπία
Latin
Greek σίαλος (sialos)
Greek σιγμοειδής
Latin
Latin (sinus), a curve,
bend, bay
Greek -σις
Greek σῖτος
Greek σῶμα
spasm
semen, spermatozoa
Greek σπασμός
Greek σπέρμα (sperma)
viscera
Greek σπλάγχνον
spleen
Of or pertaining to the spine, the
vertebra
Splenectomy
Spondylitis
squamos(o)-
Ancient Greek στῆθος
(stēthos), chest, cuirass
Stethoscope
sthenostom(a)
Denoting something as 'full of
scales' or 'scaly'
stop, stand
dripping, trickling
Denoting something as 'narrow
in shape' or pertaining to
narrow-ness
Of or pertaining to the upper
chest, chest, the area above the
breast and under the neck
strength, force, power
mouth
Greek σπλήν, σπληνGreek σπόνδυλος /
σφόνδυλος, (spóndylos /
sphóndylos), the spine
Latin (sqāmōsus), full
of scales; scaly
Greek στάσις
Greek στακτός
Ancient Greek στενός
(stenos), narrow; short
stomat(o)-
Of or pertaining to the mouth
-stomy
sub-
creation of an opening
beneath
supersuprasy(l)-, sym-,
syn-, sys-
in excess, above, superior
above, excessive
Indicates similarity, likeness, or
being together; Assimilates
before some consonants: before
-stasis
-staxis
sten(o)steth(o)-
Greek σθένος
Greek στόμα
Ancient Greek στόμα,
στοματ- (stóma,
stomat-), mouth
Greek -στομία
Latin
Latin
Latin
Ancient Greek συν(syn), with, together
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atherosclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
scoliosis
stethoscope
endoscopy
sialagogue
Sinusitis
osteoperosis
Spermatogenesis
Squama
Stenography
stomatognathic
system
Stomatogastric
colostomy
subcutaneous
tissue
superior vena cava
supraorbital vein
Synalgia,
Synesthesia,
Syssarcosis
17
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
l to syl-, s to sys-, before a labial
to sym-.
T
Prefix/suffix
tachy-tension,
-tensive
thecthel(e)-, thel(o)thelytherm(o)thorac(i)-,
thorac(o)-,
thoracicothromb(o)-
Meaning
Denoting something as fast,
irregularly fast
pressure
case, sheath
Of or pertaining to a nipple
[uncommon as a prefix]
Denoting something as
'relating to a woman,
feminine'
heat
Of or pertaining to the upper
chest, chest; the area above
the breast and under the neck
Of or relating to a blood clot,
clotting of blood
thyr(o)thym(o)(ia)-
thyroid
emotions
-tic
toco-tome
-tomy
pertaining to
childbirth
cutting instrument
act of cutting; incising,
incision
tone, tension, pressure
tension
place, topical
toxin, poison
tono-tony
top(o)tox(i)-, tox(o)-,
toxicotrache(o)trachel(o)trans-
trachea
Of or pertaining to the neck
trich(i)-, trichia,
trich(o)-
Denoting something as
moving or situated 'across' or
'through'
Of or pertaining to hair, hairlike structure
-tripsy
crushing
Origin language and
etymology
Ancient Greek ταχύς
(tachys), fast, quickly
Latin
Ancient Greek θήκη
(theke)
Ancient Greek θηλή
(thēlē), a teat, nipple
Ancient Greek θῆλυς
(thēlys), female,
feminine
Ancient Greek θερμός
Latin (thōrāx) <
Ancient Greek θώραξ
(thōrax), chest, cuirass
Ancient Greek
θρόμβος (thrómbos),
lump, piece, clot of
blood
Greek θυρεο-ειδής
Greek: "thymos,"
spirit, soul; courage;
breath, mind, emotions
Greek -τικός
Greek τόκος
Greek τομή
Greek -τομία
Greek τόνος
Greek -τονία
Greek τόπος
Greek τοξικόν
Greek τραχεία
Ancient Greek
τράχηλος (tráchēlos),
neck
Latin (trāns), across,
through
Ancient Greek θρίξ,
τριχ(ο)- (thríx,
trich(o)-), hair
Greek τρίψις
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Example(s)
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Intrathecal
Theleplasty
Thelygenous
Thorax
Thrombus,
Thrombocytopenia
dysthymia
Gastrotomy
Toxoplasmosis
Tracheotomy
Transfusion
Trichotomy
Lithotripsy
18
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
-trophy
tympan(o)-
nourishment, development
eardrum
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
Greek -τροφία, τροφή
Greek τύμπανον
Tympanocentesis
U
Prefix/suffi
x
-ula, -ule
ultraumbilicungui-
small
beyond, excessive
Of or pertaining to the navel, the
umbilicus
Of or pertaining to the nail, a claw
Origin language and
etymology
Latin
Latin
Latin (umbilīcus), navel,
belly-button
Latin (unguis), nail, claw
un(i)-
one
Latin (unus)
ur(o)-
Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary
system; (specifically) pertaining to the
physiological chemistry of urine
uric acid
Ancient Greek οὖρον
(ouron), urine
Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary
system
Latin (ūrīna), urine <
Ancient Greek ουρον
(ouron), see above.
Latin (uterus), womb,
uterus
uri(c)-,
uricourinuter(o)-
Meaning
Of or pertaining to the uterus or womb
Example(s)
Nodule
Umbilical
Unguiform,
Ungual
Unilateral
hearing loss
Urology
Greek οὐρικός
Uriniferous
Uterus
V
Prefix/suffi
x
vagin-
Of or pertaining to the vagina
varic(o)vas(o)-
swollen or twisted vein
duct, blood vessel
vasculoven-
blood vessel
Of or pertaining to the (blood)
veins, a vein [used in terms
pertaining to the vascular system ]
Of or pertaining to the belly; the
stomach cavities
Of or pertaining to the bladder
ventr(o)vesic(o)viscer(o)-
Meaning
Of or pertaining to the internal
organs, the viscera
Origin language and
etymology
Latin (vāgīna), sheath,
scabbard
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin (vēna), blood-vessel,
vein
Latin (venter), the belly, the
stomach; the womb
Latin (vēsīca), bladder;
blister
Latin (viscera), internal
organs; plural of
(viscerum), internal organ
Example(s)
Vagina
varicose
vasoconstrictio
n
Vein,
Venospasm
Ventrodorsal
Vesica
Viscera
X
Prefix/suffi
Meaning
Diễn đàn sinh viên ĐH Y Hải phòng: http://yhaiphong.net
Origin language and
Example(s)
19
Nguồn: http://en.wikipedia.org/
x
xanth(o)xen(o)-
Nguyễn Đức Thuận K29 YHP
etymology
Ancient Greek ξανθός
(xanthós), yellow
Greek ξένος (xenos), stranger
Denoting a yellow color, an
abnormally yellow color
Foreign, different
Xanthopath
y
Xenograft
Y
Prefix/suffix
-y
Meaning
condition or process of
Origin language and etymology
Latin -ia < Greek -ία
Example(s)
Surgery
Meaning
animal, animal life
fermentation, enzyme
Origin language and etymology
Greek ζῷον
Greek ζύμη
Example(s)
Z
Prefix/suffix
zo(o)zym(o)-
English meanings
This section contains lists of different root classification (e.g. body components, quantity, description,
etc.). Each list is alphabetized by English meanings, with the corresponding Greek and Latin roots
given.
Roots of the Body
Roots of Bodily Concepts
Bodily Concept
Digestion
Disease
Eating
Greek Root
-pepsia
-pathy
-phagia
Latin Root
-
Other Root
-
Roots of body parts and components
(Internal Anatomy, External Anatomy, Body Fluids, Body Substances)
Body Part/Component
abdomen
aorta
arm
armpit
artery
back
big toe
bladder
blood
blood clot
blood vessel
body
Greek Root
lapar(o)aort(o)brachi(o)arteri(o)cyst(o)haemat-, hemat- (haem-,
hem-)
thromb(o)angi(o)somat-, som-
Diễn đàn sinh viên ĐH Y Hải phòng: http://yhaiphong.net
Latin Root
abdominaort(o)axilldorsallicvesic(o)sangui-,
sanguinevascul-, vascorpor-
Other Root
20
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