Tài liệu Ajax_the_definitive_guide

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Table of Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Part I. Ajax Fundamentals 1. Reinventing the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Web Page Components 3 Modern Web Standards 9 Browsers 17 Standards Compliance 19 Welcome to Web 2.0 20 2. From Web Sites to Web Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 The Transition 22 Basic Web and Ajax Design Patterns 28 Application Environments 31 The Developer 33 What Ajax Is Not 34 3. Servers, Databases, and the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 The Web Server 36 Server-Side Scripting 39 Databases 44 Getting Data Into and Out of Relational Databases 48 Interfacing the Interface 54 Frameworks and Languages 57 What Good Are Frameworks? 63 4. Foundations: Scripting XML and JSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 XML 68 JSON 86 Choosing a Data Exchange Format 92 A Quick Introduction to Client Frameworks 94 Simplifying Development 97 5. Manipulating the DOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Understanding the DOM 103 We’ve Already Met 105 Manipulating DOM Elements, Attributes, and Objects 106 Change That Style 117 Events in the DOM 129 DOM Stuff for Tables 135 Is innerHTML Evil? 138 6. Designing Ajax Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Usability 141 Functionality 153 Visualization 158 Accessibility 167 The Ajax Interface 171 Part II. Ajax Foundations 7. Laying Out Site Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Menus 175 Tabs 212 Navigation Aids 221 Problems with Ajax Navigation 243 General Layout 246 8. Fun with Tables and Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Layout Without Tables 247 Accessible Tables 252 Sorting Tables 264 Tables with Style 280 Table Pagination 283 Lists 2.0 291 Lists for All Seasons 292 9. Page Layout with Frames That Aren’t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Using Frames 316 XHTML and Frames 321 The Magic of Ajax and a DIV 323 Page Layout 329 10. Navigation Boxes and Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 The Alert Box 335 Integrating the Window 335 Navigation Windows 347 Tool Tips 355 The Necessary Pop Up 360 11. Customizing the Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Browser Customizations 363 Stylesheet Switching 368 Switching Different Customizations 381 Easy Font-Size Switching 386 Creating Color Themes 392 Throwing Ajax into the Mix 397 Changing Site Language with Ajax 400 Repositioning Objects and Keeping Those Positions 403 Storing It All in the Database 407 12. Errors: To Be (in Style) or Not to Be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Error Handling on the Web 408 Should I React to That Error? 413 Handling an Error with Care 417 Integrating the User Error 420 13. This Ain’t Your Father’s Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 Animation on the Web 434 What Is Wrong with GIF? 437 Building Animation with the PNG Format 439 Ajax Animations 453 14. A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 XHTML Forms 482 Using JavaScript 490 Fancier Forms 498 The Basics of Ajax and Forms 519 Accepting Ajax-Delivered Data 524 Server Responses 531 15. Data Validation: Client, Server, or Both . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534 Data Validation Is Important 534 Validation with JavaScript 536 CSS Notification of Errors 552 Validation on the Server 555 Ajax Client/Server Validation 558 Part III. Ajax in Applications 16. Search: The New Frontier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 Types of Site Searches 565 Dynamic Searching with Ajax 577 Googling a Site 581 17. Introducing Web Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594 What Is a Web Service? 594 Web Service Architectures 594 Ajax and Web Services 606 Web Feeds 613 Web Service APIs 618 18. Web Services: The APIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619 Publicly Available Web Services 619 Ajax and the API 657 The Next Step with Services 658 19. Mashups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659 Mashups in Web 2.0 Applications 659 What Are Mashups? 659 Mashups As Applications 661 Data Sources 665 Application Portlets 668 Building a Mashup 668 Mashups and Business 671 20. For Your Business Communication Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 Businesses and Ajax 672 Real-Time Communication 674 File Sharing 691 Whiteboards 703 Combining Applications 720 21. Internet Games Without Plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721 Gaming on the Web 721 Internet Requirements 732 Animating a Character 735 Basic Collisions 753 User Input 764 The Basics of Event Handling 767 Putting It All Together 776 Part IV. Wrapping Up 22. Modular Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789 What Is Modular Coding? 789 The Client Side 791 The Server Side 804 23. Optimizing Ajax Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807 Site Optimization Factors 807 HTTP 809 Packets 815 Client-Side Optimizations 818 Server-Side Optimizations 830 Ajax Optimization 838 Part V. References A. The XML and XSLT You Need to Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843 B. JavaScript Framework, Toolkit, and Library References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863 C. Web Service API Catalog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892 D. Ajax Risk References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925