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OÄC BÄC ]ờKF Aẻ]
ĜỌ ]ÌE KF@EÉK
KďHBỠZ
@ỎBA@CD
?<40 ‒ @ỎB
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]`uổb k`òh kfìk` a`cd `Ỉb9 Aỵ ]`uẨt ]rảb Ĝềd - OẢk ĜỒ
@Ì KỐE, :-?<45
1
]_ƣỞKF ĜẬE @ỎB ]ÌE KFZUÉK WÌ HÝE ]_ƣỞKF @Ì KỐE
A@CD ]_ẫB ĜỉD ‒ OắK Ĝở WÌ ]@ÝKF ]EK ĜỉD NØ
OÄC BÄC ]ờKF Aẻ]
ĜỌ ]ÌE KF@EÉK BỠZ A@CD @ỎB REK@ WEÉK
KďH @ỎB ?<40 ‒ ?<45
A@ắC RÄ] ĜỐ B@ÈK@ PÄB BÝKF KF@ệ ĜC
F\R _]A, ]@ỼB KF@EệH ]ẬE A@Z WỼB @Ì KỐE
]`uổb k`òh kfìk` a`cd `Ỉb9 Aỵ ]`uẨt ]rảb Ĝềd - OẢk ĜỒ
Rek` veék t`Ỵb `eỆk9 KfuyỊk Puïk ]`ìk`1 Né ]`ề Kfd1
\`dk Weẳt Kf`ĥd1 Oõe WĂk Dk`.
Dk` .
Mïk tổb9 Aek`
Nốp, a`cd9 Ĝ@6]Ĝ - A`cd ]Ĝ-OĜ&]]ĜN
Kfìk` `Ỉb9 Aỵ ]`uẨt ]rảb Ĝềd - OẢk ĜỒ
KfƼỘe `Ƽốkf mạk9 ]R. ĜỖ WĂk MƼƤkf
KĂh t`ụ9 ? /RỔ kĂh Ĕìc tẤc9 =
@Ì KỐE, :-?<45
2
]@ÝKF ]EK Aẻ] TZắ KF@EÉK BỠZ BủD ĜỌ ]ÌE
4. ]`ýkf tek b`ukf9
- ]ék ĔỄ tìe9 „ A`Ảc
„ A`Ảc sät Ĕổ b`èk` xäb býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A, t`Ỵb kf`eỆh tẤe a`u
vỴb @ì Kổe‘
Kổe‘
- Rek` veék t`Ỵb `eỆk9 KfuyỊk Puïk ]`ìk`1 Né ]`ề Kfd1 \`dk Weẳt Kf`ĥd1 Oõe WĂk
Dk`.
- Nốp9 Ĝ@6]Ĝ
- A`cd9 ]rảb Ĕềd, OẢk ĔỒ vì ]`ýkf tek Ĕềd nø
- KĂh Ĕìc tẤc t`ụ9 ?
RỔ kĂh Ĕìc tẤc9 =
- KfƼỘe `Ƽốkf mạk9 ]R. ĜỖ WĂk MƼƤkf
?. HỪb teéu ĔỄ tìe9
A`Ảc sät Ĕổ b`èk` xäb về trè hẶt p`Ẳkf, Ĕổ bdc vì t`Ộe fedk gexjm ĔeỂh t`jc b`eỄu
mìe Odsjnekj a`e Ĕc oẴkf F\R _]A t`Ỵb kf`eỆh tẤe a`u vỴb @ì Kổe.
2. ]èk` hốe vì säkf tẤc9
]`eẳt oề Ĕc ĔẤb ĔỂ t`Ứ kf`eỆh odc fỒh ? häy t`u FKRR9 Detcfy Dekdv-_]A vì
]rehonj _6 FKRR ĔỂ Ĕäk` feä Ĕổ tek bẨy bỦd aẳt quẢ a`Ảc sät.
=. Aẳt quẢ kf`eék bụu9
Oäc bäc tỚkf aẳt ĔỄ tìe kf`eék bụu.
:. Ĝòkf fòp vỄ hẶt aek` tẳ - xâ `ổe, feäc mỪb vì Ĕìc tẤc, dk kek`, quỔb p`ÿkf vì a`Ả
kĂkf äp mỪkf bỦd ĔỄ tìe9
Kổe mukf kf`eék bụu trckf ĔỄ tìe sẸ Ĕòkf fòp hổt p`Ầk trckf nĥk` vỴb kf`eék bụu
vỄ `Ệ t`Ổkf F\R _]A, nì tìe neỆu t`dh a`Ảc b`c býkf täb feẢkf mẤy, `Ỉb tẨp bỦd feẢkf
veék vì sek` veék trckf A`cd ]rảb Ĕềd, OẢk ĔỒ vì ]`ýkf tek Ĕềd nø, trƼỘkf ĔẤe `Ỉb ]ìe
kfuyék vì Hýe trƼỘkf @ì Kổe
Aẳt quẢ kf`eék bụu bỦd ĔỄ tìe sẸ nì tìe neỆu t`dh a`Ảc b`c bäb k`ì Ĕc ĔẤb a`Ảc sät
nỴd b`Ỉk ĔeỄu aeỆk Ĕc F\R _]A b`c p`õ `Ợp vốe Ĕổ b`èk` xäb hì tỡkf býkf trîk` yéu
bẦu.
7. Býkf oỔ a`cd `Ỉb bỦd sek` veék tỡ aẳt quẢ kf`eék bụu bỦd ĔỄ tìe (f`e rú ték tẤp b`è
kẳu bò) `cẶb k`Ẩk xåt, Ĕäk` feä bỦd bƤ sồ Ĕâ äp mỪkf bäb aẳt quẢ kf`eék bụu (kẳu
bò)9
Kfìy t`äkf : kĂh ?<45
Rek` veék b`ều träb` k`eỆh b`èk`
t`Ỵb `eỆk ĔỄ tìe
(aø, `Ỉ vì ték)
ték)
3
K`Ẩk xåt bỦd kfƼỘe `Ƽốkf mạk
mạk vỄ k`ợkf
k`ợkf Ĕòkf fò
fòpp a`cd `Ỉb
`Ỉb bỦd sek` veék t`Ỵb
t`Ỵb `eỆk
ĔỄ tìe (p`Ầk kìy mc kfƼỘe `Ƽốkf mạk f`e)9
Päb k`Ẩk bỦd trƼỘkf ĔẤe `Ỉb
(aø ték vì Ĕòkf mẪu)
mẪu )
Kfìy t`äkf : kĂh ?<45
KfƼỘe `Ƽốkf mạk
(aø, `Ỉ vì ték)
ték)
]R. ĜỖ WĂk MƼƤkf
4
]@ÝKF ]EK WỌ REK@ WEÉK
B@ỉZ ]_ÄB@ K@EệH B@ÈK@ ]@ỼB @EệK ĜỌ ]ÌE
E. RƬ NƣữB WỌ REK@ WEÉK9
WEÉK9
ắk` =x7
@Ỉ vì ték9 OÕE WďK DK@
Rek` kfìy9 ?2
t`äkf <7
kĂh 4550
KƤe sek`9
sek`9 Uék ]rề
]rề - Uék ]`Ủ
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Oîk``
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A`òd9 Ĝ@6
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Ĝềd b`ễ neék `Ệ9 Uék trề, Uék ]`Ủy, @ÿd Oîk`
ĜeỆk t`cẤe9 <25?57=:76
Jhden9 bdudk`<<4Lfhden.bch
bdudk`<<4Lfhden. bch
EE. TZÄ ]_ÎK@ @ỎB ]Ắ\ (aé
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`Ỉb)9
* KĂh t`ụ 49
Kfìk` `Ỉb9 Aỵ ]`uẨt ]rảb Ĝềd-OẢk ĜỒ
A`cdquẢ
9 ]rảb
OẢktẨp
ĜỒ9vìA`ä
]`ýkf tek Ĕềd nø
Aẳt
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ncẤe `Ỉb
RƤ nƼỢb t`ìk` tèb`9 ĜeỂh trukf oîk` tèb` nťy bẢ kĂh 9 ?.60
* KĂh t`ụ ?9
Kfìk` `Ỉb9 Aỵ ]`uẨt ]rảb Ĝềd-OẢk ĜỒ
A`cd 9 ]rảb Ĝềd, OẢk ĜỒ vì ]`ýkf tek Ĕềd nø
Aẳt quẢ xẳp ncẤe `Ỉb tẨp 9 A`ä
RƤ nƼỢb t`ìk` tèb`9 ĜeỂh trukf oîk` tèb` nťy `Ỉb aî 4 9 2.40
Kfìy
t`äkf : kĂh ?<45
Päb k`Ẩk bỦd trƼỘkf ĔẤe `Ỉb
Rek` veék b`ều träb` k`eỆh b`èk`
(aø ték vì Ĕòkf mẪu)
mẪu)
t`Ỵb `eỆk ĔỄ tìe
(aø, `Ỉ vì ték)
ték)
Oõe WĂk Dk`
5
HửB NửB
HửB NửB........................................................................................................................ev
MDK@ HửB ]ứ WEẻ] ]ẫ]...........................................................................................ve
MDK@ HửB BÄB OắKF..............................................................................................vee
MDK@ HửB @ÎK@,
@ÎK@, Ĝở @ÎK@..............................................................
@ÎK@...................................................................................
.........................veee
veee
Hớ ĜầZ.........................................................................................................................4<
B@ƣƬKF 49 ]ờKF TZDK @ệ ]@ỜKF FKRR WÌ BÝKF KF@ệ ]@Z K@ẮK ]ÈK
@EệZ Wệ ]EK@ F\R.......................................................................................................
F\R.......................................................................................................44
44
4.4.4. Feốe t`eỆu
t`eỆu b`ukf..............................................................................................
b`ukf.............................................................................................. 44
4.4.?. ĜcẤk a`ýkf fedk.............................................................................................4?
4.4.2. ĜcẤk ĔeỄu a`eỂk(Bcktrcn sjfhjkt)..................................................................
sjfhjkt)..................................................................46
46
4.4.=. \`ïk ĔcẤk sỨ mỪkf (Zsjr sjfhjkt).................................................................40
4.?. Ỡkf mỪkf bỦd FKRR.................................................................................................
FKRR.................................................................................................40
40
4.2. Býkf kf`Ệ t`u k`Ẩk
k`Ẩk tèk `eỆu F\R......................................................................
F\R.............................................................................
....... ?<
4.2.4. Kfuyék nø bẪu tẤc bỦd häy t`u F\R...............................................................?<
4.2.?. \`ïk ncẤe häy t`u F\R....................................................................................
F\R.................................................................................... ??
4.=. B`e teẳt vỄ F\R.........................................................................................................?=
4.=.4. BẪu trùb tèk `eỆu F\R......................................................................................
F\R...................................................................................... ?=
4.=.?. Ĝc ĔẤb a`cẢkf bäb` feẢ...................................................................................
feẢ...................................................................................?6
?6
4.=.2. Ĝc ĔẤb p`d sòkf hdkf....................................................................................?0
4.=.=. ]rƼỢt b`u aỲ (bybnj snep).................................................................................?5
4.=.:. Aẳt `Ợp tuyẳk
tuyẳk tèk` k`ợkf sỴ qudk sät F\R............................................
F\R....................................................
.........2<
.2<
4.=.7. K`ợkf mẤkf nỖe bỦd F\R.................................................................................24
4.:. K`ợkf b`ẳ Ĕổ Ĕềk` về F\R.......................................................................................20
4.:.4. Ĝềk` về ĔeỂh F\R...........................................................................................25
4.:.?. Ĝềk` về tƼƤkf ĔỔe F\R....................................................................................=<
B@ƣƬKF ?9 BÝKF KF@ệ ĜC F\R _]A Aẻ] @ữ\ WộE ]_ẬH BC_R...................=4
BC_R................... =4
?.4. Býkf kf`Ệ trẤh t`dh b`eẳu neék tỪb BC_R..............................................................=4
?.4.4.A`äe keỆh vỄ BC_R.........................................................................................=4
?.4.?. BẪu trùb b`ukf bỦd hẤkf bäb trẤh BC_R......................................................=4
?.4.2. Bäb aỵ t`uẨt trẤh BC_R `eỆk bò.....................................................................=2
?.4.=. ĜẶb ĔeỂh b`ukf
b`ukf bỦd `Ệ t`Ổkf trẤh BC_R......................................................
BC_R.................................................. ....=7
=7
?.4.=. Bäb nỢe èb` bỦd `Ệ t`Ổkf trẤh FKRR BC_R....................................................=6
BC_R.................................................... =6
?.4.:. @eỆk trẤkf
trẤkf `Ệ t`Ổkf hẤkf nƼốe trẤh BC_R ồ WeỆt Kdh.................................=0
Kdh............................... ..=0
?.?. Býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A aẳt `Ợp trẤh BC_R..........................................................:=
?.?.4. \`ƼƤkf p`äp mc F\R _]A.............................................................................:=
?.?.?. Býkf kf`Ệ
kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A aẳt `Ợp trẤh Bcrs....................................................
Bcrs....................................................:7
:7
6
B@ƣƬKF 29 ]@ỼB KF@EệH A@ắC RÄ] ĜỐ B@ÈK@ PÄB @ệ ]@ỜKF F\R _]A.........:6
2.4. A`äe quät vỄ býkf täb t`Ỵb
t`Ỵb kf`eỆh........................................................................
kf`eỆh...........................................................................
...:6
:6
2.?. ]`eẳt oề Ĕc ĔẤb t`Ỵb kf`eỆh9....................................................................................:5
2.2. B`e teẳt vỄ býkf täb t`Ỵb kf`eỆh...............................................................................
kf`eỆh...............................................................................:5
:5
2.2.4. Aẳt quẢ Ĕc nƼốe b`uấk.....................................................................................:5
2.2.?. Ĝc aeỂh trd Ĕổ b`èk` xäb _]A vốe tèk
tèk `eỆu trẤh BC_R......................
BC_R...............................
...........74
..74
2.2.=. \`ïk tèb` vì Ĕäk` feä
feä aẳt quẢ t`Ứ kf`eỆh.......................................................
kf`eỆh.......................................................7=
7=
Aẻ] NZẮK WÌ AEẻK KF@ỉ.........................................................................................77
4. Aẳt nuẨk.......................................................................................................................77
?. Aeẳk kf`ề.....................................................................................................................77
]ÌE NEệZ ]@DH A@ắC...............................................................................................76
\@ử NửB9 Aẻ] TZắ OÎK@ RDE NƣộE B@ZẠK.........................................................70
7
MDK@ HửB ]ứ WEẻ] ]ẫ]
R]]
4
?
2
=
:
7
6
0
5
4<
44
4?
42
Weẳt tảt
F\R
FKRR
_]A
BC_R
MFKRR
B/D
RD
Z.R. McM
FNCKDRR
GMHD
BMHD
HDB
K_R
]`ýkf tek ĔẦy ĔỦ
Fncodn \cseteckekf Rtytjh
Fncodn Kdvefdteck Rtdtjnnetj Rtytjh
_jdn-]ehj Aekjhdteb
Bcktekucsny Cpjrdtekf _jgjrjkbj Rtdtecks
Meggjrjktedn Fncodn Kdvefdteck Rdtjnnetj Rystjh
Bcdrsj Dbqueseteck
Rjnjbtevj Dvdendoenety
Z.R. Mjpdrthjkt cg Mjgjksj
Fncodn Croetekf Kdvefdteck Rdtjnnetj Rystjh
Grjqujkby Meveseck Huntepnj Dbbjss Hjt`cm
Bcmj Meveseck Huntepnj Dbbjss ]jb`kequj
Hdstjr Duxenedry Bcrrjbtecks
Kjt _jgjrjkbj Rtdteck
Kfýk kfợ
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
Dk`
8
MDK@ HửB BÄB OắKF
OẢkf ?.4. Hổt sỔ t`ýkf tek bỦd bäb trẤh MFKRR/BC_R
MFKRR/BC_R (kfuỒ
(kfuỒkk Q7X)..........
Q7X)...................
.................
..........:?
..:?
OẢkf 2.4. ]Ỉd Ĕổ bäb ĔeỂh sdu oîk` sde...........................................................................
sde........................................................................... 74
OẢkf 2.?. Aẳt quẢ Ĕäk` feä Ĕổ b`èk`
b`èk` xäb Ĕc aeỂh trd _]A sỨ mỪkf tèk `eỆu BC_R...
BC_R.........72
..72
9
MDK@ HửB @ÎK@, Ĝở @ÎK@
@îk` 4.4. @Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` mạk ĔƼỘkf tcìk bẦu...............................................................44
@îk` 4.?.Bäb p`ïk ĔcẤk trckf `Ệ t`Ổkf FKRR................................................................4?
FKRR................................................................ 4?
@îk` 4.2. Tuỵ ĔẤc vì vỆ tek` F\R...................................................................................
F\R................................................................................... 42
@îk` 4.=. @Ệ t`Ổkf FNCKDRR.......................................................................................4=
@îk` 4.:. @îk` Ảk` vỆ tek` Fdnenjc..................................................................................4:
@îk` 4.7. @Ệ t`Ổkf vì `îk` Ảk` vỆ tek` Oảb Ĝấu.............................................................47
Ĝấu............................................................. 47
@îk` 4.6. ĜcẤk ĔeỄu a`eỂk bỦd FKRR (t`ụ tỴ F\R, Fnckdss, OjeMcu,
OjeMcu, Fdnenjc).........
Fdnenjc)..............46
.....46
@îk` 4.0. OeỂu ĔỒ ụkf mỪkf bỦd FKRR Q2X......................................................................40
Q2X...................................................................... 40
@îk` 4.5. Ỡkf mỪkf trckf fedc t`ýkf..............................................................................45
@îk` 4.4<. Ỡkf mỪkf trckf Ĕc ĔẤb...................................................................................45
ĔẤb................................................................................... 45
@îk` 4.44. @îk` Ảk` trẤh BC_R trckf Ĕc ĔẤb t`Ủy vĂk..................................................?<
vĂk.................................................. ?<
@îk` 4.4?. RƤ ĔỒ bẪu tẤc vì `îk` Ảk` bỦd häy t`u
t`u F\R..................................................?4
F\R................................................. .?4
@îk` 4.42. Häy t`u FKRR
FKRR bò Ĕổ b`èk` xäb bdc9 ]rehonj :0<< , F\R ]cp
]cpbck
bck FO:<<.. .?2
@îk` 4.4=. Häy t`u FKRR bò Ĕổ b`èk` xäb trukf oîk`9 ]rehonj FjcJxpncrjr P]/P@
7<<<, Ds`tjb` \rchdra
\rchdra ?<< FKRR _]A.........................................................................
_]A.........................................................................?2
?2
@îk` 4.4:. Häy t`u FKRR
FKRR bò Ĕổ b`èk` xäb t`Ẫp9 Fdrhek F\R EEE, Ncwr
Ncwrdkbj
dkbj ?<<......
?<<... ........?=
.?=
@îk` 4.47. (d) sòkf sek1
sek1 (o) hâ sỔ....................................................................................?=
sỔ.................................................................................... ?=
@îk` 4.46. OeỂu ĔỒ hâ bỦd F\R vì p`d bỦd sòkf hdkf..................................................?7
@îk` 4.40. BẪu trùb tèk `eỆu bỦd F\R..............................................................................?7
@îk` 4.45. Heéu tẢ t`uẨt
t`uẨt tcäk a`ýe p`Ừb bcmj F\R.....................
F\R..............................................
..................................
...........?7
..?7
@îk` 4.?<. Ĝc nƼỘkf a`cẢkf bäb` feẢ.............................................................................?6
@îk` 4.?4. Ĝc ĔẤb p`d sòkf
sòkf hdkf..........................................................................
hdkf...................................................................................
......... ?0
@îk` 4.??. Gunn9 sỔ oƼốb sòkf ĔẦy ĔỦ bỦd sckf hdkf1 Gekdn pcrteck9Ĕổ mềb` p`d............?0
@îk`
4.?2. Hổt
]rƼỢtvìeb`u
aỲƤkf
F\R..........................................................................................?5
@îk` 4.?=.
p`Ƽ
p`ƼƤkf
p`äp aẳt `Ợp tuyẳk
tuyẳk tèk` F\R.....................................
F\R.............................................
..........2<
..2<
@îk` 4.?:. K`ợkf mẤkf nỖe bƤ oẢk trckf Ĕc F\R............................................................2?
@îk` 4.?7. K`ợkf
K`ợkf t`dy ĔỚe về trè Ĕềk` về a`e bò RD...................................
RD............................................
.................
.............
.....2=
2=
@îk` 4.?6. K`ợkf t`dy ĔỚe về trè Ĕềk` về sdu a`e ncẤe oể RD............................................2=
RD............................................ 2=
@îk` 4.?0. @eỆu ụkf Ĕd ĔƼỘkf...................
ĔƼỘkf.........................................................................................2:
......................................................................2:
@îk` 4.?5. Fòb kfấkf
kfấkf (jnjvdteck) vì fòb p`
p`ƼƤkf
ƼƤkf về(Dzehu
về(Dzehut`)
t`) bỦd F\R.................
F\R........ ...............
.......26
.26
@îk` 4.2<. Kfuyék
Kfuyék tảb Ĕềk` về ĔeỂh F\R.................................
F\R...................................................................
.......................................
.....25
25
@îk` 4.24. Kfuyék tảb Ĕềk` về tƼƤkf ĔỔe F\R.................................................................
F\R.................................................................=<
=<
@îk` ?.4. RƤ ĔỒ bẪu trùb trẤh BC_R...............................................................................
BC_R............................................................................... =4
@îk` ?.?. ]rẤh t`dh b`eẳu trék hẶt ĔẪt..........................................................................=?
@îk` ?.2. ]rẤh t`dh b`eẳu ĔẶt trék k`ì bdc tẦkf............................................................=?
10
@îk` ?.=. RƤ ĔỒ b`uyỂk t`ýkf tek `eỆu b`ễk`...............................................................
b`ễk`...................................................................
....=2
=2
@îk` ?.:. ]rẤh t`dh b`eẳu Ảc trckf býkf kf`Ệ BC_R....................................................==
@îk` ?.7. ]`ýkf
]`ýkf sỔ `eỆu b`ễk` a`u vỴb....................
vỴb....................................................................
.......................................................
....... ==
@îk` ?.6. Aỵ t`uẨt p`Ổe
p`Ổe `Ợp trẤh p`Ừ trỢ vì trẤh b`èk`..................................
b`èk`...........................................
...............
......=:
=:
@îk` ?.0. Kïkf bdc aỵ t`uẨt
t`uẨt trẤh t`dh b`eẳu Ảc.............................................................
Ảc.......................................................... ...=7
=7
@îk` ?.5. Aỵ t`uẨt MJJ\
MJJ\ ‒ K_R..............................................................................
K_R.....................................................................................
....... =7
@îk` ?.4<. Wề trè xïy mỴkf vì nảp ĔẶt bäb trẤh Fjcmjteb BC_R (kfuỒk Q=X)...................=5
@îk` ?.44. Wề trè bäb trẤh Kjtwcra
Kjtwcra _]A BC_R bỦd MỴ äk (kfuỒkQ:X).................
(kfuỒkQ:X)..........................
.........:<
:<
@îk` ?.4?. Mềb` vỪ trd bụu t`ýkf tek trẤh BC_R trék fedc meỆk Vjo.............................
Vjo..................... ........:4
:4
@îk` ?.4?. RƤ ĔỒ oỔ trè bäb trẤh MFKRR/BC_R (kfuỒk Q7X)
Q7X)..........................................
..........................................:2
:2
@îk` ?.42. Tudk sät F\R _]A........................................................................................::
@îk` ?.4=. Býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A aẳt `Ợp trẤh Bcrs vốe fedc t`ụb 2F.......................
2F.......................:7
:7
@îk` 2.4. Kfuyék tảb Ĕềk` về tƼƤkf ĔỔe F\R...................................................................
F\R...................................................................:6
:6
@îk` 2.?. Býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A aẳt `Ợp trẤh Bcrs vốe fedc t`ụb 2F.........................
2F.........................:5
:5
@îk` 2.2. Häy t`u FKRR9 Dekdv _]A............................................................................:5
@îk` 2.=. RƤ ĔỒ nƼốe về trè bäb ĔeỂh trckf
trckf hẤkf nƼốe b`uấk.........................................
b`uấk............................................7<
...7<
@îk` 2.:. RỔ neỆu mƼốe mẤkf genj _EKJP tẤe 4 ĔeỂh Ĕc nƼốe.............................................7<
nƼốe.......................................... ...7<
@îk` 2.7. ĜỒ `îk` nƼốe b`uấk trék p`Ầk hỄh ]OB.........................................................74
@îk` 2.6. K`òh kf`eék
kf`eék bụu bõkf vốe t`eẳt oề Odsj vì _cvjr
_cvjr tẤe býkf veék @ÿd Oîk`.. . .7?
@îk` 2.0. Tuä trîk` nảp ĔẶt trẤh _cvjr............................................................................
_cvjr............................................................................ 7?
@îk` 2.4<. ĜỒ t`ề Ảk` `Ƽồkf
`Ƽồkf a`cẢkf bäb` Odsj-_cvjr
Odsj-_cvjr Ĕẳk sde sỔ về trè ĔeỂh................
ĔeỂh........... ......7=
.7=
@îk` 2.44. ĜỒ t`ề Ảk` `Ƽồkf
`Ƽồkf a`cẢkf bäb` Odsj-_cvjr
Odsj-_cvjr Ĕẳk t`Ộe fedk gexjm
gexjm ĔeỂh...
ĔeỂh......
......
.....7:
..7:
U
11
Hớ ĜầZ
@Ệ t`Ổkf t`eẳt oề sỨ mỪkf t`u tèk `eỆu vỆ tek` FKRR kfìy bìkf p`ät treỂk mạk
tốe sỴ t`uẨk teỆk b`c kfƼỘe Ĕc ĔẤb a`Ảc sät. Kẳu bẦk Ĕổ b`èk` xäb bdc vì Ĕc ĔẤb k`dk`
b`òkf t`î td bẦk bò oổ häy F\R fỒh <4 häy tĥk` (ODRJ) ĔẶt tẤe ĔeỂh fỔb (ĔeỂh hỔb
Ĕềd b`èk` k`ì kƼốb `cẶb ĔƼỘkf b`uyỄk `Ấkf EW trckf býkf trîk`), ĔƼỢb bìe ĔẶt tỈd Ĕổ
ĔeỂh fỔb (WK-?<<<) vì bäb t`dh sỔ tèk` b`uyỂk tỡ `Ệ tcẤ Ĕổ quỔb tẳ VFR-0= vỄ `Ệ
tcẤ Ĕổ WK-?<<<, bò t`Ể hổt `dy k`eỄu häy Ĕổkf (_CWJ_) ĔẶt tẤe ĔeỂh bẦk xäb Ĕềk`
tcẤ Ĕổ. Bäb häy Ĕổkf sẸ ĔỒkf t`Ộe t`u tèk `eỆu tỡ vỆ tek` vì t`u tèk `eỆu ĔƼỢb p`ät Ĕe
tỡ ĔeỂh fỔb ĔẶt häy Odsj. B`ùkf td bò t`Ể nỴd b`Ỉk p`ƼƤkf p`äp Ĕc Ĕổkf a`äb k`du
nì _]A ( Ĕc Ĕổkf xỨ nø kfdy) `dy \\A ( Ĕc Ĕổkf xỨ nø sdu)
Kfìy kdy veéb
veéb ụkf mỪkf p`ƼƤkf p`äp
p`äp Ĕc Ĕổkf _]A
_]A Ĕâ vì Ĕdkf ĔƼỢb
ĔƼỢb ụkf mỪkf
trckf bäb bäb nĥk` vỴb a`Ảc sät Ĕềd `îk` vì Ĕc ĔẤb Ĕềd b`èk` a`u vỴb kfcìe mïk bƼ. Bäb
trẤh BC_R Ĕdkf mẦk t`dy t`ẳ trẤh F\R tĥk` (ODRJ) ĔẶt tẤe bäb fỔb. Ĝổ b`èk` xäb sde
sỔ về trè ĔeỂh trckf p`ƼƤkf p`äp Ĕc _]A Ĕâ ĔƼỢb hổt sỔ tìe neỆu kf`eék bụu býkf oỔ
bò t`Ể ĔẤt ĔƼỢb mƼốe <.<=h, tuy k`eék tõy vìc ĔẶb trƼkf Ĕềd `îk`, Ĕềd vẨt hổt sỔ a`u
vỴb ồ WeỆt Kdh hì sde sỔ kìy bò t`Ể k`ể `dy xẪp xễ `cẶb oẴkf vốe feä trề Ĕò. ĜỂ tĂkf
Ĕổ tek bẨy vỄ Ĕổ b`èk` xäb bỦd `Ệ t`Ổkf _]A trckf hổt sỔ kf`eék bụu trƼốb Ĕò, k`òh
täb feẢ Ĕâ nỴd b`Ỉk ĔỄ tìe kf`eék bụu9 „ A`Ảc
„ A`Ảc sät Ĕổ b`èk` xäb býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R
_]A, t`Ỵb kf`eỆh tẤe a`u vỴb @ì Kổe‘.
Kổe ‘. ĜỄ tìe sẸ nì bẦk t`eẳt ĔỂ bò k`ợkf Ĕäk` feä bỪ
t`Ể `Ƥk, tỡ Ĕò feùp kfƼỘe Ĕc ĔẤb a`Ảc sät bò t`Ể sỨ mỪkf p`ƼƤkf p`äp Ĕc _]A b`c
bäb ụkf mỪkf, t`ểd hâk Ĕổ b`èk` xäb ĔẶt rd.
Kổe mukf
mukf ĔỄ tìe odc
odc fỒh 2 b`
b`ƼƤkf9
ƼƤkf9
B`ƼƤkf 49 ]Ớkf qudk `Ệ t`Ổkf FKRR vì býkf kf`Ệ t`u k`Ẩk tèk `eỆu vỆ tek` F\R.
B`ƼƤkf ?9 FeẢe p`äp sỨ mỪkf býkf kf`Ệ Ĕc F\R _]A aẳt `Ợp býkf kf`Ệ trẤh BC_R.
B`ƼƤkf 29 ]`Ỵb kf`eỆh a`Ảc sät Ĕổ b`èk` xäb `Ệ t`Ổkf F\R _]A.
12
B@ƣƬKF 49 ]ờKF TZDK @ệ ]@ỜKF FKRR WÌ BÝKF KF@ệ ]@Z K@ẮK
]ÈK @EệZ Wệ ]EK@ F\R
4.4.4. Feốe t`eỆu b`ukf
FKRR (Fncodn Kdvefdteck Rdtjnnetj Rystjh)9 @Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` mạk ĔƼỘkf tcìk
bẦu. @Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` k`ïk tẤc bò k`eỆh vỪ xäb Ĕềk` về trè bỦd k`ợkf ĔỔe tƼỢkf trék
hẶt ĔẪt.
ĔẪt. OẪt bụ de, vẨt fî trék tcìk bẦu, a`e hdkf t`jc hổt häy t`u ĔẶb oeỆt t`î k`Ộ `Ệ
t`Ổkf vỆ tek` kìy bò t`Ể oeẳt ĔƼỢb a`ä b`èk` xäb `eỆk tẤe hîk` Ĕdkf ồ về trè kìc trék
träe ĔẪt. FKRR ĔƼỢb bẪu t`ìk` k`Ƽ hổt b`ÿh sdc (hổt k`òh `dy hổt `Ệ t`Ổkf) bỦd
quỵ ĔẤc vỆ tek` aẳt `Ợp vốe t`eẳt oề ồ hẶt ĔẪt. ]rckf bõkf hổt t`Ộe ĔeỂh, ồ hổt về trè
trék hẶt ĔẪt kẳu xäb Ĕềk` ĔƼỢb a`cẢkf bäb` Ĕẳk od vỆ tek` (tỔe t`eỂu) t`î sẸ tèk` ĔƼỢb
tỈd Ĕổ bỦd về trè Ĕò. FKRR `cẤt Ĕổkf trckf hỈe ĔeỄu aeỆk t`Ộe teẳt, hỈe kƤe trék träe ĔẪt
vì ?= feỘ hổt kfìy. Hỵ nì kƼốb ĔẦu teék p`òkf nék vì ĔƼd vìc sỨ mỪkf `Ệ vỆ tek` mạk
ĔƼỘkf kìy. Hỵ ĔẶt ték b`c `Ệ t`Ổkf kìy nì `Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` Ĕềk` về tcìk bẦu F\R
(Fncodn \cseteckekf
\cseteckekf Rystjh), odk ĔẦu nì ĔỂ mõkf reékf b`c quïk sỴ, vỄ sdu hồ rổkf rd
sỨ mỪkf b`c mïk sỴ trék p`Ấh ve tcìk bẦu, oẪt aỂ quỔb tềb` vì heỊk p`è.
@îk` 4.4. @Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` mạk ĔƼỘkf tcìk bẦu
@eỆk kdy, FKRR nì ték fỈe b`ukf b`c = `Ệ t`Ổkf Ĕềk` về mạk mƼỘkf sỨ mỪkf vỆ
tek` nì F\R (Fncodn \cseteckekf Rystjh) mc Hỵ b`ẳ tẤc vì `cẤt Ĕổkf tỡ kĂh 455=,
FNCKDRR (FNcodn Croetekf Kdvefdteck Rdtjnnetj Rystjh) mc Kfd b`ẳ tẤc vì `cẤt
Ĕổkf tỡ kĂh 455:, `Ệ t`Ổkf FDNENJC hdkf ték k`ì t`eék vĂk `Ỉb FDNENJC mc
Neék hek` b`ïu Ïu (JZ) b`ẳ tẤc vì ĔƼỢb ĔƼd vìc sỨ mỪkf trckf kĂh ?<4< vì `Ệ
t`Ổkf OJEMCZ (Oảb Ĝấu) mc ]rukf TuỔb b`ẳ tẤc fỒh Oảb Ĝấu 4 `cẤt Ĕổkf vìc kĂh
?< vì Oảb Ĝấu ? Ĕâ vì Ĕdkf ĔƼỢb b`ẳ tẤc, mỴ aeẳk `cìk t`ìk` vìc kĂh ?<.
Kfuyék nø `cẤt Ĕổkf b`ukf bỦd oỔk `Ệ t`Ổkf F\R, FNCKDRR,
FNCKDRR, FDNENJC
FDNENJC vì
13
OJEMCZ bƤ oẢk nì feỔkf k`du. ậk Ĝổ bťkf býkf oỔ xïy mỴkf `Ệ FKRR bỦd hîk` bò
ték nì E_KRR vì Ĕâ Ĕe vìc `cẤt Ĕổkf kĂh ?<4?.
@Ệ t`Ổkf FKRR odc fỒh 2 p`ïk ĔcẤk9 p`ïk ĔcẤk a`ýkf fedk (Rpdbj sjfhjkt),
p`ïk ĔcẤk ĔeỄu a`eỂk (Bcktrcn sjfhjkt)
sjfhjkt) ,p`ïk
,p`ïk ĔcẤk kfƼỘe
kfƼỘe sỨ mỪ
mỪkf
kf (Zsjr sjfhjkt).
sjfhjkt).
@îk` 4.?.Bäb p`ïk ĔcẤk trckf `Ệ t`Ổkf FKRR
4.4.?. ĜcẤk a`ýkf fedk
\`ïk ĔcẤk a`ýkf fedk b`èk` nì b`ÿh sdc vỆ tek`. HỖe vỆ tek` p`ät Ĕe tèk `eỆu,
odc fỒh k`ợkf t`ìk` p`Ầk sdu9 `de sòkf sek ( t`ìk` p`Ầk sòkf hdkf), `de b`uỖe mợ
neỆu sỔ,vì hổt t`ýkf ĔeỆp ĔeỄu `Ƽốkf. Mợ neỆu sỔ vì t`ýkf ĔeỆp ĔeỄu `Ƽốkf aẳt `Ợp vốe
sòkf hdkf oẴkf bäb` ĔeỄu b`ẳ k`ề p`ïk oep`dsj. Ròkf hdkf vì b`uỖe mợ neỆu sỔ b`Ủ
yẳu ĔƼỢb sỨ mỪkf ĔỂ xäb Ĕềk` a`cẢkf bäb` tỡ häy t`u bỦd kfuỘe sỨ mỪkf Ĕẳk k`ợkf
vỆ tek`. ]`ýkf ĔeỆp ĔeỄu `Ƽốkf odc fỒh tỈd Ĕổ bỦd vỆ tek`,tỈd Ĕổ kìy oeỂu meỊk mƼốe
mẤkf `ìh oeẳk ĔỚe t`jc t`Ộe fedk vì hổt sỔ t`ýkf tek bẦk t`eẳt a`äb.]èk `eỆu p`ät ĔƼỢb
ĔeỄu a`eỂk oồe k`ợkf ĔỒkf `Ồ kfuyék tỨ (dtcheb bncbas) bò Ĕổ b`èk` xäb bdc ckocdrm
trék k`ợkf vỆ tek`.
d. @Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` F\R
@Ệ t`Ổkf F\R bỦd Hỵ nì `Ệ t`Ổkf Ĕềk` về tcìk bẦu mỴd trék bƤ sồ Ĕc a`cẢkf
bäb` vì Ĕc t`Ộe fedk, ĔƼỢb veẳt tảt nì KDWR]D_ F\R ( Kdvefdteck Rdtjnnetj ]ehekf
dkm _dkfekf Fncodn \cseteckekf Rystjh) vì t`ƼỘkf ĔƼỢb fỈe nì F\R.
Kfìy ?? t`äkf
t`äkf kĂh 4560 vỆ te
tek`
k` ĔẦu teék bỦd `Ệ
`Ệ t`Ổkf Ĕềk` vvềề tcìk bẦu F\R
Ĕâ ĔƼỢb ĔƼd nék quỵ ĔẤc. @Ệ t`Ổkf ĔƼỢb `cìk t`ìk` vìc t`äkf 6 kĂh 4552 fỒh hổt
b`ÿh sdc ?= vỆ tek` vì ĔƼỢb xjh k`Ƽ nì kĂkf nỴb `cẤt Ĕổkf odk ĔẦu(eketedn
cpjrdteckdn bdpdoenety (ECB)).]uy k`eék býkf oỔ b`èk` t`ụb nì vìc kfìy 0 t`äkf 4?
kĂh 4552.ĜỂ ĔẢh oẢc `Ệ t`Ổkf vỆ tek` kìy odc p`Ủ a`ảp tcìk oổ träe ĔẪt hổt bäb`
14
neék tỪb, k`ợkf vỆ tek` kìy ĔƼỢb sảp xẳp sdc b`c hỖe = vỆ tek` ĔƼỢb ĔẶt trckf hỖe 7
hẶt p`Ẳkf quỵ ĔẤc.Wốe sỴ oỔ trè kìy, a`cẢkf tỡ = Ĕẳk 4< vỆ tek` sẸ nuýk `eỆk `ợu tẤe
oẪt bụ kƤe kìc trék t`ẳ feốe, kẳu fòb kfấkf (jnjvdteck dkfnj) nì 4:< <. ]d b`ễ bẦk muy
k`Ẫt = vỆ tek` ĔỂ bukf bẪp sỴ Ĕềk` về.
Tuỵ ĔẤc bỦd hổt vỆ tek` F\R fẦk k`Ƽ nì `îk` trÿk (hổt `îk` jnepsj vốe tïh sde
bỴb ĔẤe a`cẢkf <.<4), vốe hổt Ĕổ kf`eékf a`cẢkf ::< sc vốe xèb` ĔẤc. KỨd trỪb nốk
bỦd quỵ ĔẤc F\R nì a`cẢkf ?7:7< ah (Ĕổ bdc vỆ tek` a`cẢkf ?<< ah oék trék oỄ
hẶt träe ĔẪt).
ĔẪt). B`u aỲ quỵ ĔẤc vỆ tek
tek`` tƼƤkf ụkf a`cẢkf
a`cẢkf 4? feỘ t`eék vĂk (semjrjdn
(semjrjdn
`cur1?29:7―9=.4‘). @Ệ t`Ổkf F\R ĔƼỢb tuyék oỔ b`èk` t`ụb nì Ĕâ ĔẤt ĔƼỢb hổt a`Ả
kĂkf `cẤt Ĕổkf
Ĕổkf ĔẦy ĔỦ (gunn cp
cpjrdteckdn
jrdteckdn bdp
bdpdoenety
doenety (GCB))
(GCB)) vìc kfìy 46 t`äk
t`äkff 6 kĂh
455:, ĔẢh oẢc a`Ả kĂkf `cẤt Ĕổkf t`Ỵb tẳ bỦd tỔe t`eỂu ?= vỆ tek` F\R, a`ýkf mõkf
vìc t`è kf`eỆh. ]`Ỵb tẳ, a`e hì F\R ĔẤt ĔƼỢb GCB bỦd kò, b`ÿh sdc vỆ tek` t`ƼỘkf
nốk `Ƥk ?= vỆ tek`.
@îk` 4.2. Tuỵ ĔẤc vì vỆ tek` F\R
R-odkm(4
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