Tài liệu Giáo án tiếng anh 11 nâng cao phần 2 ( giải bài tập tiếng anh 11 nâng cao)

Chu Quang B×NH ThiÕt kÕ bµi gi¶ng 11 N©ng cao − TËp hai Nhµ xuÊt b¶n Hµ néi 1 ThiÕt kÕ bµi gi¶ng tiÕng anh 11 - n©ng cao, tËp hai chu quang b×nh Nhµ xuÊt b¶n Hµ néi ChÞu tr¸ch nhiÖm xuÊt b¶n: NguyÔn kh¾c o¸nh Biªn tËp: Ph¹m quèc tuÊn VÏ b×a: Tµo thu huyÒn Tr×nh bµy: th¸i s¬n − s¬n l©m Söa b¶n in: ph¹m quèc tuÊn In 1000 cuèn, khæ 17 x 24 cm, t¹i C«ng ty cæ phÇn in Khoa häc vµ C«ng nghÖ míi. GiÊy phÐp xuÊt b¶n sè: 208 − 2007/CXB/46 e TK − 47/HN. In xong vµ nép l−u chiÓu quý I/2008. 2 Unit 9 nature in danger Period 1 & 2 (Reading) I. Aim Reading a passage about environmental problems on Mt. Everest II. Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: − talk about common activities that people often do when they visit national parks and tourist attractions and the current problems in Viet Nam’s national parks and tourist attractions through various activities in class. − enrich background knowledge on expeditions to Mt. Everest. − improve mirco-reading skill by answering questions and finding the words for the given definitions. III. Materials Textbook, whiteboard markers,... Pictures of national parks and famous tourist attractions LCD screen showing tourist attractions if possible IV. Anticipated problems Ss may not have proper background knowledge on the topic so T should provide necessary related information. V. Procedure Time Steps 15’ Warm-up Give brief information about the given tourist attractions: Work arrangement Whole class and Group 3 Time Steps A national park in Dong Thap Muoi, Dong Thap Province. This national park is created to protect several rare birds, especially Sarus Crane (grus antigone), a species listed in Red Book. The highest mountain in Japan located near the Pacific coast of central Honshū. A large rock formation located in Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in Central Australia. The world's first national park on March 1, 1872 located in the USA. The highest mountain on earth located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, China. It is sometimes called Chomolungma. A national park and UNESCO World Heritage Site in the center of Quang Binh province in north-central Viet Nam. Ask Ss to work in groups to match the national parks and tourist attractions in the book with the above information and then match them with the pictures. Call on some Ss to give their answers in front of the class. Gather ideas and give correct answers: 1. Ayers Rock is a large rock formation located in Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in Central Australia. b 2. Tram Chim is a national park in Dong Thap Muoi, Dong Thap Province. This national park is created to protect several rare birds, especially Sarus Crane (grus antigone), a species listed in Red Book. e 4 Work arrangement work Time Steps Work arrangement 3. Mt. Everest is the highest mountain on earth located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, China. It is sometimes called Chomolungma and considered as the roof of the world. a 4. Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan located in the Mount Fuji National Park near the Pacific coast of central Honshū. f 5. Phong Nha Cave is a cave, a national park and UNESCO World Heritage Site in the center of Quang Binh province in northcentral Viet Nam. c 6. Yellowstone is the world's first national park on March 1, 1872 located in the USA. d 15’ Pre-reading What may be harmful to the environment? Ask Ss to look at the activities that tourists often do when they visit the national parks and tourist attractions. Group work Explain some of the activities which may cause difficulties to Ss. Have Ss work in groups and discuss the activities normally done by tourists which may be harmful to the environment. Call on some Ss to explain their answers in front of the class. Feedback and give correct answers: Activities tourists often do: - make a campfire (all of these places) - have a swim (c, d, f) - carve names or drawings on rocks (a, b, c, f) 5 Time Steps - eat and drink (all of these places) - take photos (all of these places) - pick flowers or break tree branches (b, e, f) - dispose of garbage (all of these places) - go boating (c, d, e, f) Activities which may be harmful to the environment: - make a campfire (may cause a forest fire) - carve names or drawings on rocks (may destroy the beauty of nature) - break tree branches (may harm trees) - dispose of garbage (will pollute the environment) - go boating (will bring about waves that may cause soil erosion at the banks) Vocabulary pre-teach junkyard (n): a place where junk (abandoned or unimportant things) is thrown or collected (nơi tập kết đồ phế liệu, bãi rác) hallucinate (v): to perceive a non-existent object or phenomenon; to believe that one is experiencing something which in reality does not exist; to experience a hallucination (gợi ảo giác) fuel canister (n): a small box or case for holding fuel (bình đựng nhiên liệu) summit (n): top, peak of something (mountain) (đỉnh núi) cleanups: campaigns or programs to make the environment clean (chiến dịch làm sạch môi trường) deposit (n): an amount of money given as part payment or as security (tiền đặt cọc) authority (n): government; the persons or the body exercising power or command (chính quyền) 6 Work arrangement Time Steps Work arrangement Checking technique Rub out and remember Write all the new words on the board in two columns: English and Vietnamese equivalents. Rub out all the words in the English column and ask Ss to look at the Vietnamese column to write down or read aloud the rubbed ones. While-reading 10’ 15’ Set the scene For a long time, exploring our world has been human’s passion and the peak of Mt. Everest, the highest mountain in the world, has been conquered by a number of tourists. However, expeditions of tourists has put the environment of Mt. Everest at risk. In today’s reading, we will read about Mt. Everest and its problems. Task 1 - Choosing the best title Have Ss scan the passage and choose the best title for it. Note that the title must convey the main idea of the passage. The other three options may be correct but they fail to cover the major points of the reading. Call on some Ss to give their answers in front of the class. Ask for Ss’ explanations. Give correct answer: The best title of the text is a): Mt. Everest’s Environmental Problems and Solutions Task 2 - Answering questions Tell Ss to read the text individually and more carefully to answer the questions in b). Individual work Individual work 7 Time Steps Work arrangement Ask Ss to underline or highlight the information which provides the answers. Call on some Ss to read aloud their answers in front of the class. Feedback and give correct answers. 1. Because Mt. Everest – the highest place on earth – has a lot of garbage now. 2. They need oxygen bottles when they climb to the height of more than 7,000 meters, where there is not enough oxygen to breathe in. 3. They need fuel canisters, oxygen bottles, batteries, foods, and drinks. 4. The Sherpas pick up garbage, put it in their backpacks, and bring it down to the foot of the mountain. 5. They collected more garbage in 1998 than they had done in 1995. 6. This is a measure to force tourists not to leave their equipment on the mountain. If they do so, they cannot get back the deposit. 15’ Task 3 - Finding words and expressions Ask Ss to continue working on their own and find the words and expressions in the text with meanings given in the book. Note: If Ss are at lower level, T may provide the paragraph which contains the word or expression. Have Ss compare their words with a friend. Call on some Ss to write their answers on the board. Check the answers in front of the class as a whole. Give correct answers: 8 Individual work and Pair work Time Work arrangement Steps 1. hallucinate 2. explode 3. summit 4. attempt 5. deposit 15’ Post-reading Have Ss work in groups and discuss the question: Group work What are some current problems in Viet Nam’s national parks and tourist attractions? Suggest solutions. Encourage all members in the groups to actively engage in the discussion and contribute relevant ideas. Call on some Ss to present their ideas in front of the class. Make necessary comments and corrections. Give suggested ideas. Problems - Pollution (caused by littering) - Extinction of some species of animals (caused by illegal hunting) - Erosion and flooding (caused by felling trees) - Forest fire (caused by smoking) Solutions - Raise people’s awareness about the environmental issues and wildlife protection. - Impose heavy fines on people who litter garbage and hunt illegally. - Urge people to stop felling trees and immediately to prevent floods and erosions. 9 Time 5’ Steps Wrapping Summarize the main points. Work arrangement Whole class Assign homework. Supplements Extra reading 1. List of national parks in Viet Nam 1. Ba Bể National Park (Bắc Kạn) 2. Ba Vì National Park (Hà Tây) 3. Bạch Mã National Park (Thừa Thiên-Huế) 4. Bái Tử Long National Park (Quảng Ninh) 5. Bến En National Park (Thanh Hóa) 6. Bù Gia Mát National Park(Bình Phước) 7. Cát Bà National Park (on Cát Bà Island, Hải Phòng) 8. Cát Tiên National Park (Đồng Nai, Lâm Đồng, and Bình Phước) 9. Chu Mom Ray National Park (Kon Tum) 10. Chư Yang Sin National Park (Dak Lak) 11. Côn Đảo National Park (Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu) 12. Cúc Phương National Park (Ninh Bình, Thanh Hóa, and Hòa Bình) 13. Hoàng Liên National Park (Lào Cai) 14. Kon Ka Kinh National Park (Gia Lai) 15. Lò Gò Xa Mát National Park (Tây Ninh) 16. Mũi Cà Mau National Park (Cà Mau) 17. Núi Chúa National Park (Ninh Thuận) 18. Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park (Quảng Bình) 19. Phú Quốc National Park (Kiên Giang) 20. Pù Mát National Park (Nghệ An) 21. Tam Đảo National Park (Vĩnh Phúc, Thái Nguyên and Tuyên Quang) 22. Tràm Chim National Park (Đồng Tháp) 23. U Minh Thượng National Park (Kiên Giang) 24. Vũ Quang National Park (Hà Tĩnh) 25. Xuân Sơn National Park (Phú Thọ) 26. Xuân Thuỷ National Park (Nam Định) 27. Yok Don National Park (Dak Lak) 10 2. Facts About Mt. Everest • • Highest mountain in the world – 8848m. Number of people to attempt to climb Mt. Everest: approximately 4,000. • Number of people to successfully climb Mt. Everest: 660. • Number of people who have died trying to climb Mt. Everest: 142. • • Height: 29,028 feet, or 5 and a half miles above sea level. This is equivalent to the size of almost 20 Empire State Buildings. Location: part of the Himalaya mountain range; straddles border of Nepal and Tibet. • Named for: Sir George Everest, a British surveyor-general of India. • Age: approximately 60 million years old. • • • • Other names: called "Chomolungma" by Tibetans and Sherpas, which means "Mother Goddess of the Earth." Countries visible from the summit: Tibet, India, and Nepal. First people to climb to the summit: Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay on May 29, 1953. Notable dates: 1921 - Dalai Lama allowed British reconnaissance party to visit Tibet and the northern side of Mt. Everest. 1924 - British explorers George Mallory and Andrew Irvine disappeared near the summit, along the Northeast Ridge. It was possible that they may have actually been the first to reach the summit, but they never returned. 1949 - Nepal opened its borders, making access to the mountain's southern peak possible. 1953 - Hillary and Norgay reached summit. 1963 - First Americans reached the summit. 1989 - First two women, both American, reached the summit. 1990 - Sir Edmund Hillary's son, Peter, reached summit. 1996 - Eleven people died during spring expeditions. 11 Period 3 (Listening) I. Aim Listening to a conversation about the effects of ecotourism on environment II. Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: − talk about the effects of ecotourism on environment by using environmentrelated words such as hunting, environment-friendly, awareness, dolphin, whale,... − enrich background knowledge on ecotourism. − enhance listening skill through True or false and Table completion exercises. III. Materials Textbook, whiteboard markers, cassette,... IV. Anticipated problems Ss may not understand the concept of ecotourism thoroughly so T should give necessary background information to make sure Ss understand the concept before listening to the tape. V. Procedure Time Steps Work arrangement Warm-up 7’ Pictures recognition Have Ss work in groups of four and discuss what they see in the pictures/ what ecotourists in the pictures might be doing. Note that they are common activities that people do when they are on holiday. Call on some Ss to explain their answers in front of the class. Accept the answers in Vietnamese and provide English equivalents later. 12 Group work Time Steps Work arrangement Give suggested answers: a. Some ecotourists are watching birds with binoculars. b. Two tourists are riding an elephant. c. A lot of tourists are taking a boat trip along a canal (or a river). d. Tourists are hiking / walking in the forest. e. Some tourists are making a campfire. f. A lot of tourists are watching a whale swimming in the sea. Ask further questions to make sure Ss understand the activities such as: Are these activities good or bad to the environment? Which activity do you like best? Which one have you tried? Which one do you wish to try? ... 5’ Pre-listening Briefly explain the definition of an ecotour. Pair work An ecotour is a small, individually guided tour that takes conservation and preservation issues into consideration, donates to the local economy, and teaches the travelers something about the nature and culture of the area in which they are located. Activities on an ecotour Ask Ss to work in pairs and discuss: What might you do if you go on an ecotour? Gather ideas from Ss and lead in the listening. 13 Time Steps Work arrangement Introduce some new words which might cause difficulties to Ss while listening to the tape: environment-friendly (a): thân thiện với môi trường wildlife (n): cuộc sống hoang dã awareness (n): nhận thức flash (n): đèn pin ... While-listening Set the scene Mr. Christ Green, an environmentalist, is invited to talk to students of Le Lai High School about the effects of ecotourism. Listen to the first part of his talk and check (√) whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). 10’ Task 1 - True or false Have Ss read the statements carefully before listening to the tape. Tell Ss to highlight or underline the key words if necessary. Play the tape twice so that Ss can be sure about their answers. Have Ss compare their answers with a friend. Check and give correct answers: 14 1. F (Surely not. Tourists don’t go hunting.) 2. T 3. T 4. F (Many activities cause harm to the environment.) Individual work Time Steps 10’ Task 2 - Table completion Instruct the task carefully: Ask Ss to listen to the tape and complete the table with two columns of ecotour activities and their effects. Work arrangement Individual work Play the second part of the talk several times if necessary. Have Ss exchange their answers and discuss them. Pause at certain points which contain the answers. Give correct answers: 1. (Watching) whales of dolphins 2. (Noise from boats) disturbs whales and dolphins, which can become stressed and eat less. 3. (Watching) birds 4. (The strong light from the flashes) might frighten the birds. 5. (Walking) on the grass and plants 6. (The vegetation) might be harmed, which causes soil erosion when there are heavy rains. Listening script b) Mr. Green: Hello, everyone. Today I’ll talk about the effects of ecotourism on our environment. Anybody here knows what ecotourism is? (Male voice): Is it for tourists who want to go hunting? (Female voice): Surely not. I read from books that it’s for those who want to know more about nature. 15 Time Steps Mr. Green: You’re right. Ecotourists are interested in watching wildlife without destroying nature. (Female voice): So ecotourism is environmentfriendly, isn’t it? Mr. Green: Yes and no. Many tourists have the intention of protecting wildlife, but many of their activities cause harm to the environment without their awareness. (Female voice): This means they don’t know they’re harming wildlife? Mr. Green: No. Probably not. c) (Female voice): I don’t quite understand. Why don’t they know they’re harming wildlife? Mr. Green: Let me give you an example. To watch the whales or dolphins, people travel in boats. The noise from the engines of these boats disturbs these animals, and they may get stressed or eat less. (Female voice): I see. But Mr. Green, when people watch the birds, they don’t make any noise at all! 16 Mr. Green: Right. But they take photographs and the strong light from the flashes frightens the birds. (Male voice): How about the effects on flowers and trees, Mr. Green? Work arrangement Time Steps Mr. Green: Work arrangement You mean the vegetation. Yes, tourists usually walk on the same path over time, and this may harm the ground cover – I mean the grass or wild plants that cover and protect the soil. (Female voice): What happens then? (Male voice): 10’ Without this cover, the soil is washed away when there are heavy rains. Now, let’s talk about the fires... Post-listening Have Ss work in pairs and discuss possible effects other ecotour activities might have on wildlife or the environment. Go round the class and provide Ss with necessary support. If time allows, call on some Ss to present their ideas in front of the class. Make necessary comments and corrections. Give suggested answers: - Buying objects made from endangered species (ivory, coral, seashells, etc) may encourage illegal hunting or killing of these species. - Littering might pollute the environment. - Feeding animals may change their eating habits and cause their unhealthy dependency on men’s source of food. - Touching animals can transmit diseases to them, which are already in danger. - Boating might cause soil erosion. Pair work 17 Time 3’ Steps Wrapping Summarize the main points. Work arrangement Whole class Assign homework. Supplements Extra reading ecotourism Definitions Defining "Ecotourism" has proven to be a difficult task given all the different players attempting to define it. People tend to define things in terms that are beneficial to themselves, hence the variety of definitions. There are, however, several workable definitions currently in wide use. The International Ecotourism Society defines Ecotourism as: "responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the welfare of local people". The Australian Commission on National Ecotourism Strategy calls it: "naturebased tourism that involves education and interpretation of the natural environment and is managed to be ecologically sustainable". Features 1) Involves travel to natural destinations. These destinations are often remote areas, whether inhabited or uninhabited, and are usually under some kind of environmental protection at the national, international, communal or private level. 2) Minimizes Impact. Tourism causes damage. Ecotourism strives to minimize the adverse affects of hotels, trails, and other infrastructure by using either recycled materials or plentifully available local building materials, renewable sources of energy, recycling and safe disposal of waste and garbage, and environmentally and culturally sensitive architectural design. Minimization of impact also requires that the 18 numbers and mode of behavior of tourists be regulated to ensure limited damage to the ecosystem. 3) Builds environmental awareness. Ecotourism means education, for both tourists and residents of nearby communities. Well before departure tour operators should supply travelers with reading material about the country, environment and local people, as well as a code of conduct for both the traveler and the industry itself. This information helps prepare the tourist as The Ecotourism Societies guidelines state"to learn about the places and peoples visited" and "to minimize their negative impacts while visiting sensitive environments and cultures". Essential to good ecotourism are well-trained, multilingual naturalist guides with skills in natural and cultural history, environmental interpretation, ethical principles and effective communication. Ecotourism projects should also help educate members of the surrounding community, schoolchildren and the broader public in the host country. To do so they must offer greatly reduced entrance and lodge fees for nationals and free educational trips for local students and those living near the tourist attraction. 4) Provides direct financial benefits for conservation: Ecotourism helps raise funds for environmental protection, research and education through a variety of mechanisms, including park entrance fees, tour company, hotel, airline and airport taxes and voluntary contributions. 5) Provides financial benefits and empowerment for local people: National Parks and other conservation areas will only survive if there are "happy people" around their perimeters. The local community must be involved with and receive income and other tangible benefits(potable water, roads, health clinics, etc.) from the conservation area and it's tourist facilities. Campsites, lodges, guide services, restaurants and other concessions should be run by or in partnership with communities surrounding a park or other tourist destination. More importantly, if Ecotourism is to be viewed as a tool for rural development, it must also help shift economic and political control to the local community, village, cooperative, or entrepreneur. This is the most difficult and time-consuming principle in the economic equation and the one that foreign operators and "partners" most often let fall through the cracks or that they follow only partially or formally. 19 6) Respects local culture: Ecotourism is not only "greener" but also less culturally intrusive and exploitative than conventional tourism. Whereas prostitution, black markets and drugs often are by-products of mass tourism, ecotourism strives to be culturally respectful and have a minimal effect on both the natural environment and the human population of a host country. This is not easy, especially since ecotourism often involves travel to remote areas where small and isolate communities have had little experience interacting with foreigners. And like conventional tourism, ecotourism involves an unequal relationship of power between the visitor and the host and a commodification of the relationship through exchange of money. Part of being a responsible ecotourist is learning beforehand about the local customs, respecting dress codes and other social norms and not intruding on the community unless either invited or as part of a well organized tour. Period 4 (Speaking) I. Aim Giving explanations of actions II. Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: − use appropriate expressions to give explanations of the actions done on an ecotour. − discuss in-depth the DOS and DON’TS on an ecotour. III. Materials Textbook, whiteboard markers,... Pictures of Phong Nha Cave, Mount Fuji and Tram Chim National Parks IV. Anticipated problems Some activities on an ecotour may be unfamiliar with Ss. Ts should be ready to help. 20