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Tài liệu Các đề thi olympic sinh viên 1993 - 2005

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DongPhD. No rights reserved. Share and share alike. TUYEN TAP OLYMPIC TOAN SINH VIEN TOAN QUOC 1993 - 2005 (de thi & loi giai) dua theo Cac de thi Olympic toan sinh vien toan quoc cua Nguyen Van Mau, Le Ngoc Lang, Pham The Long, Nguyen Minh Tuan, Hanoi, 2006. &KŒQJ  &˜F Ž² WKL 2O\PSLF FK½QK WKØF   &|X  2O\PSLF QˆP  9¿QJ  1J•\ WKØ QKªW w W ? r D 7°P W£W F F‘F PD WU¤Q WKÒF … ) VDR FKR F 0 w W d ( 1 … ) 3 ( d E &KR 1z VÁ QJX\ƒQ yd , 333, yz  Kd , 333, Kz WKºD PQ ‡L«X NL¯Q €ŸW C yd Kd L N N N L yz Kz ) (3 d L y d Kd y d K1 NNN h y 1 Kd d L y K 1 1 NNN \)h H N N N y z Kd y z K1 NNN 7¶QK / I‚ \/ &|X  + D &KR W w?D ) 8s- 1y DUFWJ ?, FÊD W w?D WUƒQ b E 7¶QK W¶FK SK‚Q {) 8$b1 ( I y d Kz y 1 Kz n n3 O N d L y z Kz ?  , ? ; b3 7°P PÂW QJX\ƒQ KŽP ?1 L d Q? $ 3 1 d L wWJ?D    2O\PSLF QP  &|X  D &KR KŽP VÁ W w?D [‘F ‡·QK YŽ F¼ ‡’R KŽP E¤F KDL OLƒQ WÍF YŽ NK„QJ ‡¾QJ QK£W E”QJ NK„QJ WUƒQ E£W NÓ ‡R’Q QŽR FÊD b %L®W U”QJ ‡¾ WK· FÊD KŽP VÁ r ) W w?D F—W ‡†ÃQJ WK•QJ y? 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