Tài liệu The most common chinese characters in order of frequency

[Read links about Chinese culture] [Go to main index] [Go to linguistic index] [Contact the author] [Back to the introduction] [Tillbaka till introduktionen] © 2003 – 2009 Patrick Hassel Zein This page was last updated 12.05.2009 The most common Chinese characters in order of frequency If you wonder why there are less than 3000 characters in the list, or have other questions, please read the introduction!   All characters are presented in falling statistical order with the most commonly used characters first. Alternative forms of the characters are specified within parentheses – in which case "F" marks full (or traditional) forms, "S" marks simplified (or modern) forms and "A" marks alternative forms (mostly special numerals).     Pronunciations are specified according to Pinyin and written within brackets "[...]". After each given pronunciation, a number of possible translations are listed. If a character corresponds closely to a somewhat longer word (usually a word that contains the character in question), the longer word is given in the list of translations marked with parentheses and a "=". After the translation of each character, example words containing the character are often listed – these words are separated by semi commas. No guarantee is given that all the most common words are listed or that the given examples are very common. Some of the listed pronunciations are less used than others, and in those cases translations and examples may lack. Grammatical particles, classifiers and other special translations are marked with hooks "<...>".    Curly brackets "{...}" are mostly used when giving references to characters that are similar to the listed ones either in shape. This is to help you avoid miswriting/misreading. The same marking is also used for references to characters with similar meaning but different pronunciation. Additional information of other sorts is sometimes given. If the characters are not displayed correctly, verify that the encoding is set to GB2312. Seq.num. Character 1 2 的 Pronunciations and explanations [de] ; 我的 wǒde my; 高 的 gāode high, tall; 是的 shìde that's it, that's right; 是...的 shì...de one who...; 他是说汉语的. Tā shì shuō Hànyǔde. He is one who speaks Chinese. [dì] 目的 mùdìgoal [dí] true, real; 的确 díquè certainly [yī] one, a little; 第一 dì-yī first, primary; 看一看 kànyīkàn have a (quick) look at [yí] (used before tone #4); 一个人 yígè rén one person; 一定 yídìng certain; 一样 yíyàng same; 一月 yíyuè 一(A 壹) January [yì] (used before tones #2 and #3); 一点儿 yìdiǎnr a little; 一些 yìxiē some {Compare with 幺(F 么) yāo, which also means "one"} 3 是 [shì] to be, 是不是? shìbushì? is (it) or is (it) not?; 是否 shìfǒu whether or not, is (it) or is (it) not? 4 不 [bù] not [bú] (used before tone #4); 不是 bú shìisn't 了 [le] ; 你来了! Nǐ láile! You have come! 我 累了! Wǒ lèile! I've gotten tired! 那好了! Nà hǎole! That's OK (now)! 我只请了一位客人. Wǒ zhǐ qǐngle yí wèi kèren. I invited only one guest. [liǎo] end, finish, settle, dispose of, know clearly, to be able, (=了解 liǎojiě) understand, comprehend; 了了 liǎoliaǒ clearly understand, settle (a debt/etc.), to be intelligent; 了了 liǎole to be over/ended/finnish/settled; 你卖不了! Nǐ mài bùliǎo! You will not be able to sell (it)! [liào] (=瞭 liaò) to survey/watch {Compare with 子 zǐ child} 5 6 人 [rén] person; 人类 rénlèi humankind; 有人吗? yǒu rén ma? Is there anybody here? {Compare with 入 rù enter} 7 我 [wǒ] I, me, my; 我们 wǒmen we, us {Compare with 找 zhǎo seek} 8 在 [zài] at; 现在 xiànzài now; 存在 cúnzài exist 9 有 [yǒu] have, there is; 没有 méiyǒu haven't, there isn't; 有 没有? Yǒuméiyǒu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or haven't (you)?; 有的 yǒude some [yòu] (=又 yòu) again, both... and... 10 他 [tā] he, him, his, (she, her, it, its), (=其他 qítā) other [tuō] (in classical texts) someone else, something else 11 这(F 這) 12 中 [zhōng] middle, in; 中国 Zhōngguó China [zhòng] hit (a target) 大 [dà] big; 多大? duōdà? how large?; 大小 dàxiǎo size; 大家 dàjiā everybody [dài] 大夫 dàifu doctor {Compare with 太 tài very and 木 mù tree} 13 14 [zhè] this; 这儿 zhèr here [zhèi] this (before classifier) [lái] come; 原来 yuánlái originally, as a matter of fact; 来年 láinián coming/next year(s) 来(F 來) [lai] (when used as a verb complement); 起来 qǐlai get up 15 上 [shàng] above, on, over, top, (go) up, last, previous [shǎng] 上声 shǎngshēng 3rd tone in Mandarin [shang] (when used as a verb complement) {Compare with 下 xià under} 16 国(F 國) [guó] (=国家 guójiā) country, state, nation, ; 中国 Zhōngguó China; 美国 Měiguó USA 个(F 個, 箇) [gè] ; 个人 gèrén personal; 个人主页 gèrénzhùyè personal homepage [gě] 自个 zìgě oneself 到 [dào] to, towards, until, arrive, reach 17 18 19 [shuō] explain, scold, refer to, (=说话 shuōhuà) speak, 说(F 說) say; 游说 yóushuō persuade [shuì] try to persuade; 游说 yóushuìlobbying 20 [men] ; 我们 wǒmen we; 人们 rénmen people, persons 21 [wèi] for, for the sake of, in order to, in this connection [wéi] do, act, act as, be, become; 认为 rènwéi think or 为(F 為) believe that...; 以为 yǐwéi think or believe erroneously that... {Compare with 办 bàn do} 子 [zǐ] child, son; 子女 zǐnǚ sons and daughters; 儿子 érzi son [zi] (noun suffix); 桌子 zhuōzi table {Compare with 了 le } 23 和 [hé] together, with, (F 龢) harmony, gentle, mild, kind, ; 和平 hépíng peace [Hé] Japan [huo] 暖和 nuǎnhuo nice and warm [hè] join in singing, compose a poem in reply [huó] mix with water [huò] mix, blend [hú] complete a set in Mahjong 24 你 [nǐ] (Alternative feminine form: 妳 nǐ) you, your; 你们 nǐmen you (plural) 地 [dì] earth, ground, soil, place, position, distance; 地支 dìzhī the Twelve Terrestrial Branches [de] , ~ly; 快地走 kuàide zǒu walk quickly 出 [chū] go out, come out, in direction out from something, emit, issue, prouce; 出现 chūxiàn appear, emerge, (F 齣) 27 道 [dào] way, path, channel, way, say, a streak (of light), doctrine, , (=道教 Dàojiào) Taoism; 知道 zhīdao know [dǎo] (=导 dǎo) lead; 领道 = 领导 lǐngdǎo leader 28 也 [yě] also, as well; 也许 yěxǔ perhaps 29 时(F 時) 22 25 26 30 年 [shí] period, season, (=时间 shíjiān, =时候 shíhou) time, (=小时 xiǎoshí) hour [nián] year, ; 今年 jīnnián this year; 明年 míngnián next year; 去年 qùnián last year; 中年 zhōngnián middle age 得 [de] ; 走得 快 zǒude kuài walk quickly [dé] get, reach, achieve [děi] should 就 [jiù] just, simply, right away; 就要 jiùyào about to (do something); 这就是我! Zhè jiùshì wǒ! This is simply me!; 他就要去. Tā jiùyào qù. He is about to leave. 那 [nà] that [nèi] that (before classifier) [nuó] 禅那 chánnuó deep meditation [nuò] 无那 wúnuò helpless, unfortunately [nǎ] (=哪 nǎ) what? [něi] (=哪 něi before classifier) which? 要 [yào] want, will, shall, need, important, essential; 主要 zhǔyào main, fundamental [yāo] 要求 yāoqiú demand 下 [xià] below, under, (go) down, next (as opposed to previous/last) {Compare with 上 shàng above} 36 以 [yǐ] use, take, according to, because of, in order to; 可以 kěyǐ OK, may; 所以 suǒyǐ so, therefore, as a result; 以 外 yǐwài beyond, except 37 生 [shēng] give birth, life; 先生 xiānsheng mister, gentleman, Sir 31 32 33 34 35 38 39 40 [huì] can, able, meet, meeting, society, union, party 会(F 會) [kuài] 会计 kuàijìaccounting [huǐ] 会儿 huìr moment 自 [zì] from, since, (=自己 zìjǐ) self; 自然 zìrán nature {Compare with 目 mù eye and 白 bái white} [zhe] [zháo] touch 着(F 著) [zhuó] wear clothes, dress, touch [zhāo] put in, add, (F 招) make move in chess, trick, decieve 41 去 [qù] go, leave, depart (opposite of 来 lái) 42 之 [zhī] , it (in classical texts) 43 44 [guò] pass, cross, go by, exceed, ; 过马路 guò mǎlù cross the street; 我去过中国两次. wǒ qùguo Zhōngguó liǎng cì. I have gone to China twice. 家 [jiā] home, house, family; 国家 guójiā nation; 大家 dàjiā everybody [jie] 整天家 zhěngtiānjie all day long; 家里 jiālǐ (at) home, (in the) family 45 [xué] study, learn; 学校 xuéxiào school; 学生 学(F 學) xuésheng student {Compare with 字 zìwritten character} 46 对(F 對) [duì] correct, answer, treat, agree, mutual, pair; 对不起 duìbuqǐ excuse me 47 可 [kě] ~able, (=可以 kěyǐ) may, can, (=可是 kěshì) but, however; 可爱 kě'ài loveable, cute; 可能 kě'néng possible, probable, maybe; 可口可乐 kěkǒukělè Coca Cola [kè] 可汗 kèhán khan 48 她 [tā] she, her 49 里 [lǐ] neighbourhood, half kilometer, , (F 裏, 裡) in, inside, lining; 哪里? nǎli? where?; 那里 nàli there; 这里 zhèli here 50 后 [hòu] queen, (F 後) after, behind, ; 后天 hòutiān the day after tomorrow 51 小 [xiǎo] small; 大小 dàxiǎo size 52 么 [me/mo] (F 麼,末) (interrogative suffix) 什么? shénme? what?; 为什么? wèishénme? why? 没什么! méi shénme! It doesn't matter!, Never mind!; 怎么? zěnme? how? [yāo] (S 幺) youngest, one (e.g. in bus/house/phone numbers) 53 心 [xīn] heart; 小心 xiǎoxīn be careful; 心理 xīnlǐ psychology, mentality; 中心 zhōngxīn center 54 多 [duō] many, much, more; 多大 duōdà how large?; 多少 duōshǎo how many/much? 55 天 [tiān] sky, heaven, god, day, (=天空 tiānkōng) sky; 天气 tiānqì weather {天干 tiāngān the Ten Heavenly Stems: 甲乙丙丁戊己 庚辛壬癸 jiǎ-yǐ-bǐng-dīng-wù-jǐ-gēng-xīn-rén-guǐ (these characters are sometimes used as ordinal numbers} {Compare with 夫 fū man and 无 wú without} 56 而 [ér] (=而且 érqiě) and, furthermore, (=然而 rán'ér) yet, even so 57 能 [néng] can, be able; 能够 nénggòu be capable of; 可能 kě'néng maybe 58 好 [hǎo] good, good to..., easy to...; 你好! Nǐhǎo! Hello! [hào] to like [hāo] 好好儿 hǎohāor in perfectly good condition 59 都 [dōu] all [dū] (=首都 shǒudū) capital city 然 [rán] right, correct, so, like that; 虽然 suīrán although; 忽然 hūrán suddenly; 当然 dāngrán of course; 自然 zìrán nature 60 61 [méi] (=没有 méiyǒu) haven't, there isn't; 有没有? Yǒuméiyǒu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or 没(F 沒) haven't (you)? [mò] sink, overflow, disappear, confiscate 62 日 [rì] sun, (=日子 rìzi) day; 日记 rìjìdiary; 日光 rìguāng sunlight {Compare with 曰 yuē say, 目 mù eye and 甘 gān sweet} 63 于 [yú] , (F 於) in, at, for, to, from, by, than {Compare with 千 qiān thousand and 干 gān stem} 64 起 [qǐ] rise, start; 起来 qǐlai get up; 对不起 duìbuqǐ excuse me [qi] (when used as a verb complement) 65 还(F 還) 66 67 [hái] still, yet [huán] return, give back 发 [fā] (F 發) deliver, utter, express, shoot, emit, develop, expand [fà] (F 髮) hair [fa] (F 髮) 头发 tóufa hair 成 [chéng] (=成为 chéngwéi, =变成 biànchéng) become, ; 成功 chénggōng succeed; 完成 wánchéng accomplish, complete, fulfill; 成语 chéngyǔ idiom 68 69 事 [shì] matter, affair, thing, event, accident, job, responsibility; 事情 shìqing situation [zhǐ] only, just, merely, ; 一只猫 yì zhǐ 只(F 祇) māo a cat [zhī] (F 隻) single, one, only {Compare with 兄 xiōng brother} 作 [zuò] do, make; 工作 gōngzuò work; 作业 zuòyè homework [zuó] 作践 zuójian spoil, waste, humiliate, insult [zuō] do 71 当 [dāng] (F 當) serve as, (F 噹) ding-dong [dàng] (F 當) proper, right, equal, (=当作 dàngzuò) treat as, regard as 72 想 [xiǎng] think, feel, consider, want, remember 73 看 [kàn] see, look at, read, think, consider [kān] look after, tend; 看守 kānshǒu guard 文 [wén] language, literature, ; 文化 wénhuà culture; 中文 Zhōngwén Chinese (written) language 70 74 75 [wú] without, nothingness, have not 无(F 無) [mó] 南无 nánmó to give oneself totally to {Compare with 天 tiān heaven} 76 [kāi] open; 开始 kāishǐ begin 打开 dǎkāi open, unfold 开(F 開) [kai] (when used as a verb complement) {Compare with 并 bìng combine} 77 手 78 十(A 拾) 79 80 [shǒu] hand, a person skilled in something; 挥手 huīshǒu wave; 拍手 pāishǒu clap; 握手 wòshǒu shake/clasp hands {Compare with 毛 máo hair} [shí] ten; 十三 shísān thirteen; 五十 wǔshí fifty; 十月 shíyuè October 用 [yòng] use; 好用 hǎoyòng useful; 不用 búyòng there's no need; 使用 shǐyòng use, apply {Compare with 甩 shuǎi swing} 主 [zhǔ] lord, master, host, god, (=主要 zhǔyào) main, primary; 主义 zhǔyì doctrine, ~ism; 主页 zhùyè homepage {Compare with 王 wáng king} 行 [xíng] go, OK; 行动 xíngdòng action, operation, move, get about, act [háng] line; 银行 yínháng bank; 行业 hángyè profession [hàng] 树行子 shùhàngzi rows of trees [héng] (phonetic radical) 82 方 [fāng] side, square; 地方 dìfang place; 方面 fāngmiàn aspect {Compare with 万 wàn ten thousand} 83 又 [yòu] again, both... and... 84 如 [rú] like, as, as if, (=如果 rúguǒ) if; 如此 rúcǐ like this 85 前 [qián] in front, previous, ago, former, first; 前天 the day before yesterday 86 所 [suǒ] place; 所以 suǒyǐ so, therefore; 所有 suǒyǒu all; 厕所 cèsuǒ toilet 本 [běn] basis, origin, edition, ; 本人 běnrén I, me, myself; 日本 Rìběn Japan {Compare with 木 mù tree} 81 87 88 [jiàn] appear to be, meet with, call on, (=看见 kànjian) see; 意见 yìjian idea, view, opinion; 听见 tīngjiàn hear 见(F 見) [xiàn] show, appear, become visible {Compare with 贝 bèi shellfish} 89 [jīng] longitude (both geographic and in Chinese medecin), scripture, constant, regular, , deal with, (=经纪 jīngjì) manage (a business); 已经 经(F 經) yǐjing already; 经过 jīngguò pass, go through; 经验 jīngyàn experience; 经由 jīngyóu via, by way of; 经常 jīngcháng frequent, daily; 易经 Yìjīng Book of Changes; 90 [tóu] head, top, first, ; 头发 tóufa hair [tou] 石头 shítou stone 91 92 面 [miàn] face, surface, , (F 麵) wheat flour, (=面条 miàntiáo) noodle; 面包 miànbāo bread 公 [gōng] public, official; 公里 gōnglǐ kilometer; 办公室 bànggōngshì office; 公司 gōngsī company; 公共 gōnggòng public, communal, common; 公共汽车 gōnggòngqìchē (public) bus; 李公 Lǐgōng (honorable and old) Mr Li [tóng] same, with; 同志 tóngzhìcomrade [tòng] (F 衕) 胡同 hútòng lane 93 同 94 三(A 叁) [sān] three; 第三世界 dì-sān shìjiè 3rd World; 三月 sānyuè March 已 [yǐ] stop, cease, end, (=已经 yǐjīng) already {Compare with 己 jǐ self, which is "open" on the left side} 96 老 [lǎo] old, venerable, outdated; 老师 lǎoshī teacher; 老 虎 lǎohǔ tiger; 老张 lǎo Zhāng old Zhang = dear (friend) Mr Zhang 97 从(F 從) [cóng] from, through, join, follower, secondary [cōng] 黑从从 hēicōngcōng murky 98 动(F 動) [dòng] move, change, arouce; 动物 dòngwù animal; 活 动 huódòng activity; 运动 yùndòng sports 99 两(F 兩) [liǎng] two (before classifier), 50 grams 100 长(F 長) [cháng] long, lasting, length [zhǎng] grow up, chief, head, older, elder 95 101 知 [zhī] realize, sense, inform, tell, (=知道 zhīdao) know; 知识 zhīshi knowledge [zhì] (=智 zhì) wit, (=智慧 zhìhuì) wisdom, (=智力 zhìlì) intellect 102 民 [mín] (=人民 rénmín) people, ; 民主 mǐnzhǔ democracy 103 [yàng] appearance, shape, form, manner; 这样 样(F 樣) zhèyàng like this; 怎么样 zěnmeyàng how? in what way? 104 现(F 現) 105 106 107 分 [xiàn] show, appear, current; 现在 xiànzài now; 发现 fāxiàn discover; 现代 xiàndài modern [fēn] divide, fraction, minute, cent; 百分之五 bǎifēnzhīwǔ = 5/100 = 5% [fèn] limits of rights or duty [jiāng] shall; 将来 jiānglái future 将(F 將) [jiàng] general, a piece in Chinese chess 麻将 májiàng mahjongg 外 [wài] outside, outer, other, foreign, beyond, relative on ones mother's/sisters/wife's side; 外孙 wàisūn daugthers son; 外国人 wàiguórén foreigner; 意外 yìwài unexpected {Compare with 处 chù place} 108 109 110 111 但 [dàn] (=但是 dànshì) but, still, nevertheless, however, yet 身 [shēn] life, incarnation, , (=身体 shēntǐ) body; 亲身 qīnshēn in person, personally 些 [xiē] some, ; 一些 yìxiē a number of, some; 这些人 zhèxiē rén these people [yǔ] give, offer, help, support, and [yù] 参与 cānyù participate in 与(F 與) [yú] 欤 {Compare with 写 xiě write} 高 [gāo] high, tall, loud, your, ; 提高 tígāo improve; 高兴 gāoxìng happy; 高见 gāojiàn your opinion/idea 113 意 [yì] (=意思 yìsi, =意义 yìyì) meaning, idea, (=愿意 yuànyi) wish, desire; 意图 yìtú intention; 意见 yìjian opinion; 意大利 YìdàlìItaly 114 进(F 進) 112 [jìn] enter, go forward, recieve, drink, eat, submit; 进步 jìnbù progress 115 把 [bǎ] grasp, hold, handle, [bà] 把子 bàzi, 把儿 bàr handle 116 法 [fǎ] (=法律 fǎlǜ) law, (=办法 bànfǎ) method; 法国 Fǎguó France 117 此 [cǐ] this; 如此 rúcǐ (=这样 zhèyàng) like this; 此地 cǐdì (=这里 zhèlǐ) here, at this place 118 实(F 實) [shí] solid, true, real; 事实 shìshífact; 实际上 shíjìshang actually; 实在 shízài really [huí] circle, return, reply, turns, times, chapter, Muslim, Hui (ethnic minority), ; 回来 huílái come back; 回去 huíqù go back; 回 答 huídá answer 119 回 120 二(A 贰) 121 理 [lǐ] principle; 理论 lǐlùn theory; 管理 guǎnlǐ manage; 心 理 xīnlǐ psychology, mentality 122 美 [měi] (=美丽 meilì) beautiful, (=好 hǎo) good, (=美德 měidé) virtue, ; 美国 Měiguó USA; 美元 [èr] two; 二月 èryuè February měiyuán US$ 美家 měijiā artist 123 [diǎn] a drop (of liquid), dot, decimal point, a little, a bit, appoint time, select, choose, order food/drink, 点(F 點) , (=点火 diǎnhuǒ) light a fire; 一点儿 yìdiǎnr a little; 点头 diǎntóu nod one's head 月 [yuè] month, (=月亮 yuèliang, =月球 yuèqiú) moon 明 [míng] bright, clear, distinct, next (day or year), ; 明白 míngbai clear, understand; 明天 míngtiān tomorrow 126 其 [qí] its, that, such, they, them; 其他 qítā other; 尤其 yóuqíespecially [jī] anniversary 127 种(F 種) 128 [shēng] voice, declaration, (=声音 shēngyīn) sound, 声(F 聲) ; 声名 shēngmíng reputation, fame, statement, declaration 124 125 [zhǒng] kind, sort, breed, race [zhòng] to plant, cultivate 129 全 [quán] whole, entire, total, complete, ; 完 全 wánquán completely; 安全 ānquán safety 130 工 [gōng] (=工作 gōngzuò) work, job; 工人 gōngrén worker 己 [jǐ] (=自己 zìjǐ) self {Compare with 已 yǐ already, which is "closed" on the left side} 131 132 [huà] speech, word, language, dialect, (=说话 shuōhuà) 话(F 話) talk, speak [huo] 白话 báihuo = báihuà vernacular, empty talk 133 [ér] child; 儿子 érzi son; 女儿 nǚ'ér daughter [r] (noun suffix); 这儿 zhèr here; 那儿 nàr there 儿(F 兒) [rén] (when referring to the radical) {Compare with 兄 xiōng brother, 几 jǐ table, 臾 yú moment} 134 135 者 [zhě] one who...; 作者 zuòzhě author; 和平主义者 hépíngzhǔyìzhě pacifist 向 [xiàng] take somebody's part, to, towards, all along, allways, , (F 嚮) direction, towards, (F 曏) formerly, previously; 向者 xiàngzhě formerly, once upon a time 情 [qíng] sensibility, (=感情 gǎnqíng) feeling, emotion; 爱 情 àiqíng love 部 [bù] (=部分 bùfen) part, section, unit, , (=部队 bùduì) troops, army; 西部 xībù western part; 全部 quánbù entire 正 [zhèng] right, straight, upright, correct [zhēng] 正月 zhēngyuè, 新正 xīnzhēng the 1st month of lunar year 139 名 [míng] (=名字 míngzi) name, personal name, reputation, famous, ; 著名 zhùmíng famous; 名词 míngcínoun 140 定 [dìng] fix, settle, calm, stable, subscribe, (=决定 juédìng) decide; 一定 yídìng definite 141 女 [nǚ] female, (=女人 nǚrén, =妇女 fùnǚ) woman 142 问(F 問) [wèn] ask, examine; 问题 wèntíquestion, problem; 访 问 fǎngwèn visit 143 力 [lì] (=活力 nénglì) energy, vitality, , (=力 量 lìliang) strength, force 144 机(F 機) [jī] (=机器 jīqi) machine; 收音机 shōuyīnjī radio; 飞机 fēijī aircraft 145 [gěi] give, give to, for, for the benefit of; 送给 sònggěi 给(F 給) send/present to [jǐ] give, supply, provide, (=供给 gōngjǐ) provide 136 137 138 等 [děng] equal, class, wait, and so on, etc. 147 几 [jī] small table, (F 幾) 几乎 jīhū almost [jǐ] (F 幾) how many?, a few, (used in numerals) {Compare with 儿 ér child} 148 很 [hěn] very, quite; 很好 hěnhǎo very good; 很不错! hěn búcuò! not bad at all! 146 149 150 [yè] line of business, trade, occupation, profession, course of study, engage in, ; 商业 业(F 業) shāngyè commerce; 工业 gōngyè industry; 作业 zuòyè homework 最 [zuì] most, marking for superlative; 最近 zuìjìn recently/soon; 最喜欢 zuì xǐhuan favorite 151 [jiān] room, between, locality, within given time or space, 间(F 間) [jiàn] gap, interval [gān] 半间不界 bàn'gānbùgà neither this nor that, inexplicit, equivocal, mediocre 152 新 153 什(F 甚) [xīn] new, renew; 重新 chóngxīn again; 新闻 xīnwén news [shén] 什么 shénme what? [shí] (=十 shí) ten 打 [dǎ] strike, hit, get, play, (generalized verb with specific meaning determined by its object); 打算 dǎsuan plan, intend; 打开 dǎkāi open, unfold; 打击 dǎjī strike, hitt, attack, assault [dá] dozen 155 便 [biàn] (=方便 fāngbiàn) convenient [pián] 便宜 piányi cheap {Compare with 使 shǐ send and 更 gèng more} 156 位 [wèi] place, location, position, 157 因 [yīn] cause, (=因为 yīnwèi) because, (=原因 yuányīn) reason 重 [zhòng] weight, considerable in amount/value, (=沉重 chénzhòng) heavy, weighty, (=重要 zhòngyào) important [chóng] again 159 被 [bèi] quilt, cover (with), by (indicates passive voice) [pī] 被服 pīfú = bèifú bedding and clothing, something one hangs on to 160 走 [zǒu] go, walk, leave 154 158 161 [diàn] (=闪电 shǎndiàn) (flash of) lightning, (=电气 电(F 電) diànqì) electricity; 电话 diànhuà phone; 电脑 diànnǎo computer 162 四(A 肆) 163 第 164 [sì] four; 四周 sìzhōu all around; 四月 sìyuè April [dì] indicating ordinal number, ~th; 第三世界 dì-sān shìjiè 3rd World; 第一次 dì-yī cì 1st time [mén] door, gate, family, house, valve, switch, , ; 门口 ménkǒu doorway; 部门 bùmén department; 门铃 ménlíng doorbell 165 相 [xiāng] each other, mutual, mode, phase, [xiàng] look at, appearance, photo 166 次 [cì] occurence, time, second, inferior, number of times; 两次 liǎng cì twice 167 [dōng] master, owner, (=东方 dōngfāng) east; 东北 dōngběi northeast; 东西 dōngxi thing, 东(F 東) creature {Compare with 车 chē vehicle} 168 政 [zhèng] (=政治 zhèngzhì) politics, political affairs, (=政 府 zhèngfǔ) government 169 海 [hǎi] sea, big lake, , (=海洋 hǎiyáng, =大 海 dàhǎi) sea, ocean 口 [kǒu] mouth, opening, entrance, hole, cut, ; 门口 ménkǒu doorway; 人口 rénkǒu population 使 [shǐ] make, cause to (do), send (as envoy), (=使用 shǐyòng) use, apply {Compare with 吏 lìand 便 biàn official} 172 教 [jiāo] teach; 王老师教数学. Wáng lǎoshī jiāo shùxué. Teacher Wang teaches math. [jiào] cause, ask to, teach; 教师 jiàoshī teacher, instructor; 教育 jiàoyù education 173 西 [xī] west, western; 东西 dōngxi thing; 西北 xīběi northwest 174 再 [zài] again, once more; 再见 zàijiàn goodbye 175 平 [píng] flat, level, even; 水平 shuǐpíng level; 和平 hépíng peace; 平常 píngcháng ordinary, common, usually {Compare with 半 bàn half} 176 真 [zhēn] true, genuine, really {There are two ways of writing this character!} 177 听(F 聽) 178 世 179 气(F 氣) 170 171 [tīng] listen; 听见 tīngjiàn hear; 听不懂 tīngbudǒng don't understand (by listening) [shì] generation, , (=世界 shìjiè) world; 世纪 shìjìcentury [qì] air, gas, vapor, spirit, vital energy; 天气 tiānqi weather 180 信 [xìn] letter, message, information, (=相信 xiāngxìn) belive in; 信封 xìnfēng envelope 181 北 [běi] north; 东北 dōngběi northeast; 北京 Běijīng 182 少 [shǎo] few, little, less, lack [shào] young; 少年 shàonián juvenile 183 关(F 關) [guān] shut, close, turn off, close down, concern, key part; 关系 guānxi connection; 关于 guānyú concerning [bìng] (F 併) combine, merge, (F 並) and, equally, truly [bīng] 并州 Bìng Zhōu (Taiyuan in Shanxi) {Compare with 开 kāi open} 184 并 185 内(F 內) 186 加 [jiā] add, plus, append, (=增加 zēngjiā) increase; 参加 cānjiā join 化 [huà] convert, melt, dissolve, digest, incinerate, (=变化 biànhuà) change, transform [huā] (=花 huā) spend 188 由 [yóu] from, let, (=由于 yóuyú) due to, (=理由 lǐyóu) cause, reason; 自由 zìyóu freedom {Compare with 甲 jiǎ helmet and 申 shēn explain} 189 却(F 卻) 187 [nèi] inside; 内容 nèiróng content {Compare with 肉 ròu meat and 丙 bǐng third} [què] however, but, yet [dài] (=代表 dàibiǎo) represent, (=时代 shídài) generation, period, epoch, ; 现代 xiàndài modern (times); 上代 shàngdài previous generation 190 代 191 军(F 軍) [jūn] army, military, troops 192 产(F 產) [chǎn] give birth to, (=产生 chǎnshēng) produce, (=产品 chǎnpǐn) product 193 入 [rù] (=进入 jìnrù) enter, get into; 收入 shōurù income {Compare with 人 rén person} 194 先 [xiān] first, before, earlier; 先生 xiānsheng mister, gentleman, Sir; 祖先 zǔxiān = 先辈 xiānbèi ancestor {Compare with 失 shī lose} 195 山 [shān] hill, mountain, ; 火山 huǒshān volcano; 山脉 shānmài mountain range 196 197 198 199 五(A 伍) [wǔ] five; 五月 wǔyuè May 太 [tài] great, very, too; 太太 tàitai Madame; 太阳 tàiyáng sun, sunshine {Compare with 大 dà big} 水 [shuǐ] water, liquid, ; 水平 shuǐpíng level; 水果 shuǐguǒ fruit; 药水 yàoshuǐ liquid medecine {Compare with 永 yǒng forever} [wàn] ten thousand, myriad, ; 万岁 wànsuìlong live 万(F 萬) [Mò] 万俟 Mòqí {Compare with 方 fāng square} 200 市 [shì] (=市场 shìchǎng) market, (=城市 chéngshì) city, town 201 眼 [yǎn] (=眼睛 yǎnjing) eye; 眼镜 yǎnjìng glasses 202 [tǐ] substance, (=身体 shēntǐ) body; 具体 jùtǐ concrete, 体(F 體) specific; 体字 tǐzì style of written Chinese, typface, font [tī] 体己 tīji (or tǐjǐ) intimate, confidential 别(F 別, 203 彆) [bié] separate, other, don't, leave, differentiate, [biè] 别扭 bièniu awkward 204 [chù] place, part, point, department, office 处(F 處) [chǔ] deal with, get along with somebody {Compare with 外 wài outside} 205 总(F 總) [zǒng] general, overall, always, (=总数 zǒngshù) sum, total; 总统 zǒngtǒng president (of a republic) 206 才(F 纔) [cái] talent, only then; 刚才 gāngcái just now 207 [chǎng] field, place where people gather, stage, level open ground, country fair, market, [cháng] 208 师(F 師) [shī] (=老师 lǎoshī) teacher; 师傅 shīfu master 209 书(F 書) [shū] book, style of calligraphy; 书记 shūji clerk; 图书馆 túshūguǎn library 210 比 [bǐ] compare, contrast; 比较 bǐjiào relatively; 比如 bǐrú efor example 211 住 212 员(F 員) [yuán] member. ~ist, ~er; 委员会 wěiyuánhuì committee; 人员 rényuán personnel 213 九(A 玖) [jiǔ] nine; 九月 jiǔyuè September 214 笑 [xiào] laugh 215 性 [xìng] sex, gender, nature, disposission, ~ness; 可能性 kěnéngxìng possibility 通 [tōng] communicate, notify, connect, join, know very well, authority, expert, (=通过 tōngguò) go through, , ; 交通 jiāotōng traffic; 普通话 Pǔtōnghù Common Speach = Mandarin [tòng] 目 [mù] eye; 目前 mùqián in front of ones eyes, at present; 目的 mùdìgoal, purpose, aim; 目录 mùlù catalogue, list, list of contents {Compare with 自 zìself and 日 rìsun} 216 217 [zhù] live (in a place) 218 [huá] glory, splendor, magnificent, (=中华 Zhōnghuá) China 华(F 華) [Huà] ; 华山 Huà Shān (mountain in Shaanxi) 219 报(F 報) 220 立 221 [bào] (=报告 bàogào) report, (=报纸 bàozhǐ) newspaper, (=电报 diànbào) telegram [lì] stand, erect, vertical; 建立 jiànlìestablish; 立刻 lìkè right away; 立方体 lìfāngtǐ cube [mǎ] horse; 马上 mǎshàng right away 马马虎虎 马(F 馬) mǎmahūhū careless, casual {Compare with 乌 wū crow} [mìng] (=生命 shēngmìng) life, fate, destiny; 命令 mìnglìng command; 革命 gémìng revolution 222 命 223 张(F 張) [zhāng] spread, sheet of paper, ; 紧张 jǐnzhāng tense, nervous 224 活 [huó] live, alive, living, vivid, save someone's life; 生活 shēnghuó life; 活动 huódòng activity 225 难(F 難) [nán] difficult [nàn] disaster 226 227 神 [shén] spirit, god; 精神 jīngshén spirit, mind, consciousness, essence [shù] number, number, figure, fate, plan; 数学 shùxué math 数(F 數) [shǔ] count, enumerate, list [shuò] frequently, repeatedly 228 件 [jiàn] item, correspondence, document, ; 条件 tiáojiàn term, condition 229 安 [ān] still, quiet; 安全 ānquán safe, secure; 安排 ānpái arrange, plan, fix up 230 表 [biǎo] show, list, table, form, meter, (F 錶) (wrist-)watch 原 [yuán] originally, simple, ; 原来 yuánlái original, formerly, as a matter of fact; 原因 yuányīn cause, reason 231 232 233 234 [chē] car, vehicle with wheels, 车(F 車) [jū] (a piece in Chinese chess) {Compare with 东 dōng east} 白 [bái] white; 明白 míngbai understand, realize, clear, obvious; 白天 báitiān daytime; 白菜 báicài cabbage [bó] 李白 Lǐ Bó = Lǐ Bái {Compare with 自 zìself and 百 bǎi hundred} [yīng] promise, answer, respond, , (=应该 应(F 應) yīnggāi) should, ought to [yìng] 应用 yìngyòng apply 路 [lù] path, way, journey, distance, means, sequence, logic, sort, grade, class, , (=道路 dàolù) road 236 期 [qī] phase, stage, , (=时期 shíqī) time period; 班期 bānqī schedule, time table; 星期 xīngqī week; 长期 chángqī long term [jī] anniversary 237 叫 [jiào] cry out, call; 叫做 jiàozuò be called, be known as 238 死 [sǐ] die, death 239 常 [cháng] often, constant, ordinary, ; 非常 fēicháng extremely 240 提 [tí] lift, raise, pick up, carry; 提高 tígāo improve; 提供 tígōng provide 235 [dī] 提防 dīfang take precautions or be on guard against 241 感 [gǎn] (=感觉 gǎnjué) feel, (=感情 gǎnqíng) emotion 242 金 [jīn] (=金子 jīnzi) gold, (=金属 jīnshǔ) metals in general 243 何 [hé] what?, where?, how?, ; 任何 rènhé any; 如何 rúhé how?; 几何 jǐhé geometry 更 [gèng] more, still/even more, furthermore [gēng] replace, transform, night watch; (=更改 gēnggǎi) change, alter {Compare with 吏 lìofficial and 便 biàn convenient} 反 [fǎn] turn over, return, revolt, (=反对 fǎnduì) oppose, combat; 反映 fǎnyìng reflect [bǎn] 反反 bǎnbǎn proper, fitting {Compare with 友 yǒu friend} 合 [hé] close, shut, accord with, conform to, be equal to, together, jointly, , (=结合 jiéhé) combine; 合作 hézuò cooperate [gě] decilitre 放 [fàng] put, release, set free, give out, expand, blossom, bloom, lend (money) at interest; 解放 jiěfàng liberate, emancipate 做 [zuò] do, act, make, produce, write, compose, to have sex; 叫做 jiàozuò be called, be known as; 做法 zuòfǎ method, way of doing {Sometimes replaceable with 作 zuò do} 249 系 [xì] series, department, faculty, (=系统 xìtǒng) system, (F 係) (=联系 liánxì) integrate, relate to; 关系 guānxi concern, affect, matter, (F 繫) tie, fasten, feel anxious, be concerned [jì] (F 繫) tie, bind 250 计(F 計) 244 245 246 247 248 [jì] (=计算 jìsuàn) count, calculate, plot, plan, ; 统计 tǒngjì statistics 251 或 [huò] (=或者 huòzhě) or, (=或许 huòxǔ) perhaps, mayby, (=可能 kěnéng) probably {Compare with 國=国 guó country} 252 司 [sī] 公司 gōngsī company, corporation; 司令 sīlìng commander 253 利 [lì] (=利益 lìyì) interest, benefit, profit, ; 利用 lìyòng utilize; 胜利 shènglìtriumph; 意大利 Yìdàlì