Tài liệu đề số 3

compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) ĐỀ LUYỆN THI SỐ 3 I. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Question 1: Since drinking water is a ______ resource, we should let children know how precious it is, and teach them to conserve it. A. limitless B. limited C. limiting D. limitation Question 2: When disaster ______, organisations such as Oxfam quickly provide help. A. comes B. approaches C. arrives D. strikes Question 3: The number of people traveling by air has been growing _______. A. by leaps and bounds B. from time to time C. slow but sure D. by hook or by crook Question 4: The boss told the workers that he would try his best to continue running the company and promised not to ______ any employees during the economic recession. A. cross out B. shut down C. lay off D. take over Question 5: The accident is said _______ the driver’s careless driving and the thick fog. A. to have been resulted in B. to result from C. having resulted in D. to have resulted from Question 6: I can’t do whatever I want because I am still financially ______ on my parents. A. determined B. dependable C. reliant D. subject Question 7: New ways have to be found to _______ of waste materials and poisonous gases so that we can have cleaner surroundings. A. deal B. remove C. do D. dispose Question 8: The previous negotiations did not go anywhere, and we intend to start them again next week with a ______ slate. A. new B. plain C. clean D. fresh Question 9: The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ________ his financial situation. A. with reference to B. owing to C. regardless of D. in terms of Question 10: As soon as you buy a car, it starts falling in ______. A. price B. value C. cost D. worth Page 1 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Question 11: ________ what is the most important point of an issue will allow you to make a better decision. A. Understanding B. Understand C. Understood D. To understand Question 12: Despite his interest in art, he studied ________ engineering in college. A. mechanistic B. mechanical C. mechanically D. mechanism Question 13: A: “ Mom, I have passed my exam.” – B: “ ………………….” A. good job! B. well done! C. be good! D. a and b Question 14. “His father died in an accident last week”. “ ………………….” A. Poor him! B. It’s a kind of once-in-life C. Congratulations! D. The same as usual! II.ERROR CORRECTION Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 1: With his father’s encourage and guidance, Mozart was introduced to music at an early age. A. With B. encourage C. introduced D. an early age Question 2: Thousands of years ago, the Sahara had water enough so that people and animals were able to survive on the edge of the desert. A. Thousands of years B. water enough C. were able to D. the desert Question 3: Taking these considerations for account, I believe that it is still a problem for many women to assert themselves, irrespective of their educational background. A. For B. still a problem C. themselves D. irrespective III. GAP-FILLING Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. The computer has brought nothing but problems to the world of the twentieth century. Chief among the problems has beenthe dehumanization of society. People are no (1)____ human. Each of us is a series of numbers, numbers to be fed into computers. There are our credit card numbers, our bank account (2)______ , our social security numbers, our telephone and electricity numbers - the computer number game is endless. Page 2 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) What happens to these computerized numbers ? They are distributed to a network of government agencies and business (3)______can use them to invade our privacy. The Internal Revenue Service stores millions of facts about every citizen. Credit agencies exchange information on the spending and saving practices of nearly every American adult. Mailing lists are (4)_____ available by computers to dozens of organizations, public and private, who bombard us with unwanted mail. The computer has thrown thousands of people out of (5)______ . The gamut(toàn bộ) of computer- generated unemployed runs from highly skilled technicians to typists. Question 1: A. sooner B. matter C. longer D. way Question 2: A. numbers B. credit C. bank D. service Question 3: A. who B. whom C. that D. which Question 4: done B. conducted C. made D. created Question 5: A. date B. order C. work D. season IV. ANTONYM AND SYNONYM Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Question 1: It’s not certain that Jones will get the job. A. impossible B.unlikely C. open to question D. unable Question 2: I don’t really like her, even though I admire her achievement. A. Much more B. despite C. Much as D. No matter Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Question 3: In just four short years, his company has made phenomenal progress in delivering great market success. A. impeccable B. unremarkable C. impressive D. inadequate Question 4: Because we know nothing, in this view, we should treat all things with indifference and make no judgments. A. reconciling ourself to something B. becoming annoyed very easily C. feeling totally different from other people D. showing interest in something V. PRONUNCIATION Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. Page 3 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Question 1. A.species B. pollute C. accept D. receipt Question 2. A. leaf B. of C. deaf D. wife Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 1. A. communicate B. effectively C. efficiency D. innovation Question 2. A. occasional B. industrial C. information D. variety VI.Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. In the United States, friendships can be close, constant, intense, generous and real, yet fade away in a short time if circumstances change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while - then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship where they left off and are delighted. In the United States, you can feel free to visit people's homes, share their holidays, or enjoy their lives without fear that they are taking on a lasting obligation. Do not hesitate to accept hospitality because you can not give it in return. No one will expect you to do so for they know you are far from home. Americans will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased if you accept their hospitality easily. Once you arrived there, the welcome will be full, warm, and real. Most visitors find themselves readily invited into many homes there. In some countries it is considered inhospitable to entertain at home, offering what it felt as only home cooked food, not "doing something for your guests." It is felt that restaurant entertaining shows most respect and welcome. Or for the other reasons, such as crowded space, language difficulties, or family customs, outsiders are not invited into homes. In the United States, both methods are used, but it is often considered more friendly to invite a person to one's home then go to a public place, except in a pure business relationships. So, if your host or hostess brings you home, do not feel that you are being shown inferior treatment. Don't feel neglected if you do not find flowers awaiting you in your hotel room, either. Flowers are very expensive there; hotel delivery is uncertain; arrival times are delayed, changed or cancelled - so flowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not feel unwanted! Outward signs vary in different lands; the inward welcome is what matters. And this will be real. Question 1: In the United States, friendship will _________ if circumstances change. Page 4 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) A. change suddenly B. be destroyed C. disappear gradually D. be broken Question 2: Americans ________ their foreign friends to make a return for their hospitality. A. hope B. hesitate C. never allow D. don't expect Question 3: In the United States, inviting guests to a family dinner is ________ than inviting them to a public place, except some situations. A. less inferior B. less hospitable C. more natural D. more popular Question 4: According to the passage, which of the following is not definitely true? A. Flowers are not customarily sent to guests. B. Flowers are used as a sign of welcome. C. Flowers are beautiful and available at all time. D. Flowers are really expensive. Question 5: According to the passage, __________ A. Americans enjoy welcoming you if their hospitality is accepted. B. in some countries it is considered hospitable to entertain at home. C. inviting someone to a family dinner is considered an inferior treatment. D. friendships in the United States last forever. VII.Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 1: "Don't forget to take your ticket with you." A. His mother reminded him to take his ticket with him. B. His mother told him to remind to take his ticket with him. C. His mother advised him not to take his ticket with him. D. His mother told him not to take his ticket with him. Question 2: "If I were you, I wouldn't sign the contract." said Henry. A. Henry advised me not to sign the contract. B. Henry asked me to sign the contract. C. Henry encouraged me not to sign the contract. D. Henry reminded me not to sign the contract. Question 3: "Would you like to stay for lunch with us?" A. They wanted me to stay for lunch with them. B. They invited me to stay for lunch with them. C. They promised to offer me a lunch. D. They offered me to stay for lunch with them. Page 5 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Question 4. The children couldn't go swimming because the sea was too rough. A. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming. B. The sea was rough enough for the children to swim in. C. The sea was too rough to the children's swimming. D. The children were not calm enough to swim in the sea. Question 5. I can’t do the test because it is too difficult. A. If the test isn’t too difficult, I can do it. B. If the test weren’t too difficult, I could do it. C. If the test weren’t too difficult, I can do it. D. If the test hadn’t been too difficult, I could do it. VIII: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question "The economic history of the United States", one scholar has written, "is the history of the rise and development of the capitalistic system". The colonists of the eighteenth century pushed forward what those of the seventeenth century have begun: the expansion and elaboration of an economy born in the great age of capitalist expansion. Our excellent natural resources paved the way for the development of abundant capital to increase our growth. Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable. But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions. But if a farmer can grow more corn than his family needs to eat, he can use the surplus as seed to increase the next crop, or to feed workers who build tractors. This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage. Saving played an important role in the European tradition. It contributed to American’s motivation to put something aside today for the tools to buy tomorrow. The great bulk of the accumulated wealth of America, as distinguished from what was consumed, was derived either directly or indirectly from trade. Though some manufacturing existed, its role in the accumulation of capital was negligible. A merchant class of opulent proportions was already visible in the seaboard cities, its wealth as the obvious consequence of shrewd and resourceful management of the carrying trade. Even the rich planters of tidewater Virginia and the rice coast of South Carolina finally depended for their genteel way of life upon the ships and merchants who sold their tobacco and Page 6 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) rice in the markets of Europe. As colonial production rose and trade expanded, a business community emerged in the colonies, linking the provinces by lines of trade and identity of interest. Question 1: With what subject is this passage mainly concerned? A. Geography B. Finance C. Economics D. Culture Question 2: The phrase "paved the way" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to .... A. paid for B. supported C. accumulated D. resembled Question 3: It can be inferred from the passage that the European ancestors of early Americans ... A. sent many tools to America B. taught their skills to their offspring C. were accustomed to saving D. were good farmers Question 4: The word "funds" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ... A. money B. resource C. labour D. capital Question 5: According to the passage, which of the following would lead to accumulating capital? A. Training workers who produce goods. B. Studying the culture history of the country C. Consuming what is produced D. Planting more of a crop than what is needed Question 6: The word "it" in the third sentence of paragraph 2 refers to..... A. growth B. resource C. labour D. capital Question 7: According to the passage, capital includes all of the following EXCEPT... A. factories B. tractors C. money D. workers Question 8: According to the passage, the emergence of a business community in the colonies was a result of ... A. efficient saving B. the immigration C. the success of production and trade D. the existence of manufacturing Question 9: The word "negligible" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to..... A. very important B. not very important C. necessary to be neglected D. able to be neglected Question 10: The phrase "put aside" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to.... A. hidden B. saved C. reviewed D. consumed Page 7 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ LUYỆN THI SỐ 3 I. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Question 1: Since drinking water is a ______ resource, we should let children know how precious it is, and teach them to conserve it. A. limitless (vô hạn) B. limited (có hạn) C. limiting D. limitation Trước danh từ là tính từ Question 2: When disaster ______, organisations such as Oxfam quickly provide help. A. comes B. approaches C. arrives D. strikes Question 3: The number of people traveling by air has been growing _______. A. by leaps and bounds (tiến bộ,nhanh,nhảy vọt) B. from time to time (thi thoản D. by hook or by crook (Trăm phương,nghìn kế) C. slow but sure Question 4: The boss told the workers that he would try his best to continue running the company and promised not to ______ any employees during the economic recession. A. cross out B. shut down (xóa/gạch đi) (đóng/tắt) C. lay off (đuổi việc) D. take over (tiếp quản/chiếm đoạn) Question 5: The accident is said _______ the driver’s careless driving and the thick fog. A. to have been resulted in B. to result from C. having resulted in D. to have resulted from Question 6: I can’t do whatever I want because I am still financially ______ on my parents. A. determined B. dependable C. reliant D. subject Question 7: New ways have to be found to _______ of waste materials and poisonous gases so that we can have cleaner surroundings. A. deal B. remove C. do D. dispose Dispose of : xử lí, giải quyết Remove of : loại bỏ Question 8: The previous negotiations did not go anywhere, and we intend to start them again next week with a ______ slate. A. new B. plain C. clean D. fresh (Clean slate: k ràng buộc Page 8 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Question 9: The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ________ his financial situation. A. with reference to B. owing to C. regardless of D. in terms of With reference to :liên quan tới (Owning to= as a result of = because of = on account of = due to) + cụm danh từ: bởi vì Regardless of : bất kể In term of: xét về, xét vì Question 10: As soon as you buy a car, it starts falling in ______. A. price B. value C. cost D. worth Fall in value: giảm giá Question 11: ________ what is the most important point of an issue will allow you to make a better decision. A. Understanding B. Understand C. Understood D. To understand Question 12: Despite his interest in art, he studied ________ engineering in college. A. mechanistic B. mechanical thuyết cơ giới C. mechanically D. mechanism cơ khí Question 13: A: “ Mom, I have passed my exam.” – B: “ ………………….” A. good job! B. well done! C. be good! D. a and b Good job = well done: giỏi lắm Be good : ngoan nào Question 14. “His father died in an accident last week”. “ ………………….” A. Poor him! (Tội nghiệp a ấy) C. Congratulations! (chúc mừng) B. It’s a kind of once-in-life (cơ hội ngàn năm có một) D. The same as usual! (như mọi khi) II.ERROR CORRECTION Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 1: With his father’s encourage and guidance, Mozart was introduced to music at an early age. B. With B. encourage C. introduced D. an early age Khi có and/or thì 2 vế cân nhau(tức là cùng chức năng từ loại hoặc ngữ pháp) Question 2: Thousands of years ago, the Sahara had water enough so that people and animals were able to survive on the edge of the desert. Page 9 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) B. Thousands of years B. water enough (enough water) C. were able to D. the desert Enough đứng trước danh từ nhưng đứng sau tính từ Question 3: Taking these considerations for account, I believe that it is still a problem for many women to assert themselves, irrespective of their educational background. B. For (into) B. still a problem C. themselves D. irrespective Take st into account/consideration: xem xét,cân nhắc III. GAP-FILLING Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. The computer has brought nothing but problems to the world of the twentieth century. Chief among the problems has beenthe dehumanization of society. People are no (1)____ human. Each of us is a series of numbers, numbers to be fed into computers. There are our credit card numbers, our bank account (2)______ , our social security numbers, our telephone and electricity numbers - the computer number game is endless. What happens to these computerized numbers ? They are distributed to a network of government agencies and business (3)______can use them to invade our privacy. The Internal Revenue Service stores millions of facts about every citizen. Credit agencies exchange information on the spending and saving practices of nearly every American adult. Mailing lists are (4)_____ available by computers to dozens of organizations, public and private, who bombard us with unwanted mail. The computer has thrown thousands of people out of (5)______ . The gamut(toàn bộ) of computer- generated unemployed runs from highly skilled technicians to typists. Question 1: A. sooner B. matter C. longer D. way No sooner + had + S + Vp2 + than + S + V(quá khứ đơn): ngay khi…thì No matter what + S + V/ No matter how + adj/adv + S +V: mặc dù…nhưng No longer : k còn nữa No way: k cách nào Question 2: A. numbers B. credit C. bank D. service Question 3: A. who B. whom C. that D. which Question 4: done B. conducted C. made D. created Question 5: A. date B. order C. work D. season Out of date : lạc hậu Out of order: hỏng hóc Page 10 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Out of work: thất nghiệp Out of season: trái mùa IV. ANTONYM AND SYNONYM Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Question 1: It’s not certain that Jones will get the job. B. impossible B.unlikely C. open to question D. unable It is impossible/unlikely (for sb) + to V It is impossible/unlikely that + S + will + V(nguyên dạng) To be unable to It’s open to question= doubt: nghi ngờ Question 2: I don’t really like her, even though I admire her achievement. B. Much more B. despite C. Much as D. No matter Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Question 3: In just four short years, his company has made phenomenal progress in delivering great Phi thường market success. A. impeccable B. unremarkable C. impressive D. inadequate Question 4: Because we know nothing, in this view, we should treat all things with indifference and make no judgments. A. reconciling ourself to something B. becoming annoyed very easily C. feeling totally different from other people D. showing interest in something V. PRONUNCIATION Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. Question 1. A.species B. pollute C. accept D. receipt Question 2. A. leaf B. of C. deaf D. wife Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 1. A. communicate B. effectively C. efficiency D. innovation Question 2. A. occasional B. industrial C. information D. variety Page 11 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) VI.Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. In the United States, friendships can be close, constant, intense, generous and real, yet fade away in a short time if circumstances change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while - then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship where they left off and are delighted. In the United States, you can feel free to visit people's homes, share their holidays, or enjoy their lives without fear that they are taking on a lasting obligation. Do not hesitate to accept hospitality because you can not give it in return. No one will expect you to do so for they know you are far from home. Americans will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased if you accept their hospitality easily. Once you arrived there, the welcome will be full, warm, and real. Most visitors find themselves readily invited into many homes there. In some countries it is considered inhospitable to entertain at home, offering what it felt as only home cooked food, not "doing something for your guests." It is felt that restaurant entertaining shows most respect and welcome. Or for the other reasons, such as crowded space, language difficulties, or family customs, outsiders are not invited into homes. In the United States, both methods are used, but it is often considered more friendly to invite a person to one's home then go to a public place, except in a pure business relationships. So, if your host or hostess brings you home, do not feel that you are being shown inferior treatment. Don't feel neglected if you do not find flowers awaiting you in your hotel room, either. Flowers are very expensive there; hotel delivery is uncertain; arrival times are delayed, changed or cancelled - so flowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not feel unwanted! Outward signs vary in different lands; the inward welcome is what matters. And this will be real. Question 1: In the United States, friendship will _________ if circumstances change. A. change suddenly B. be destroyed C. disappear gradually D. be broken In the United States, friendships can be close, constant, intense, generous and real, yet fade away in a short time if circumstances change. Question 2: Americans ________ their foreign friends to make a return for their hospitality. A. hope B. hesitate C. never allow D. don't expect Do not hesitate to accept hospitality because you can not give it in return. No one will expect you to do so for they know you are far from home. Page 12 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) Question 3: In the United States, inviting guests to a family dinner is ________ than inviting them to a public place, except some situations. A. less inferior B. less hospitable C. more natural D. more popular In the United States, both methods are used, but it is often considered more friendly to invite a person to one's home then go to a public place, except in a pure business relationships. So, if your host or hostess brings you home, do not feel that you are being shown inferior treatment. Question 4: According to the passage, which of the following is not definitely true? A. Flowers are not customarily sent to guests. B. Flowers are used as a sign of welcome. C. Flowers are beautiful and available at all time. D. Flowers are really expensive. Don't feel neglected if you do not find flowers awaiting you in your hotel room, either. Flowers are very expensive there; hotel delivery is uncertain; arrival times are delayed, changed or cancelled - so flowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not feel unwanted! Outward signs vary in different lands; the inward welcome is what matters. And this will be real. Question 5: According to the passage, __________ A. Americans enjoy welcoming you if their hospitality is accepted. B. in some countries it is considered hospitable to entertain at home. C. inviting someone to a family dinner is considered an inferior treatment. D. friendships in the United States last forever. Americans will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased if you accept their hospitality easily. VII.Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 1: "Don't forget to take your ticket with you." A. His mother reminded him to take his ticket with him. B. His mother told him to remind to take his ticket with him. C. His mother advised him not to take his ticket with him. D. His mother told him not to take his ticket with him. Remind sb to do st: nhắc nhở ai làm gì Tell/ask sb to do st: bảo ai làm gì Advise sb to do st: khuyên ai làm gì Question 2: "If I were you, I wouldn't sign the contract." said Henry. Page 13 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) A. Henry advised me not to sign the contract. B. Henry asked me to sign the contract. C. Henry encouraged me not to sign the contract. D. Henry reminded me not to sign the contract. Encourage sb to do st: khuyến khích ai làm gì Question 3: "Would you like to stay for lunch with us?" A. They wanted me to stay for lunch with them. B. They invited me to stay for lunch with them. C. They promised to offer me a lunch. D. They offered me to stay for lunch with them. Want sb to do st: muốn ai đó làm gì Invite sb to do st: mời ai làm gì Promise to do st: hứa làm gì Offer to do st: đề nghị làm gì Question 4. The children couldn't go swimming because the sea was too rough. A. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming. B. The sea was rough enough for the children to swim in. C. The sea was too rough to the children's swimming. D. The children were not calm enough to swim in the sea. Question 5. I can’t do the test because it is too difficult. A. If the test isn’t too difficult, I can do it. B. If the test weren’t too difficult, I could do it. C. If the test weren’t too difficult, I can do it. D. If the test hadn’t been too difficult, I could do it. VIII: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question "The economic history of the United States", one scholar has written, "is the history of the rise and development of the capitalistic system". The colonists of the eighteenth century pushed forward what those of the seventeenth century have begun: the expansion and elaboration of an economy born in the great age of capitalist expansion. Our excellent natural resources paved the way for the development of abundant capital to increase our growth. Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that Page 14 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable. But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions. But if a farmer can grow more corn than his family needs to eat, he can use the surplus as seed to increase the next crop, or to feed workers who build tractors. This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage. Saving played an important role in the European tradition. It contributed to American’s motivation to put something aside today for the tools to buy tomorrow. The great bulk of the accumulated wealth of America, as distinguished from what was consumed, was derived either directly or indirectly from trade. Though some manufacturing existed, its role in the accumulation of capital was negligible. A merchant class of opulent proportions was already visible in the seaboard cities, its wealth as the obvious consequence of shrewd and resourceful management of the carrying trade. Even the rich planters of tidewater Virginia and the rice coast of South Carolina finally depended for their genteel way of life upon the ships and merchants who sold their tobacco and rice in the markets of Europe. As colonial production rose and trade expanded, a business community emerged in the colonies, linking the provinces by lines of trade and identity of interest. Question 1: With what subject is this passage mainly concerned? A. Geography B. Finance C. Economics D. Culture "The economic history of the United States", one scholar has written, "is the history of the rise and development of the capitalistic system" Question 2: The phrase "paved the way" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to .... A. paid for B. supported C. accumulated D. resembled Our excellent natural resources paved the way for the development of abundant capital to increase our growth. Question 3: It can be inferred from the passage that the European ancestors of early Americans ... A. sent many tools to America B. taught their skills to their offspring C. were accustomed to saving D. were good farmers This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage. Saving played an important role in the European tradition. Question 4: The word "funds" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ... A. money B. resource C. labour D. capital But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. Question 5: According to the passage, which of the following would lead to accumulating capital? Page 15 of 16 compiled by Trang Anh- 0982775587 (tranganh050587@gmail.com) A. Training workers who produce goods. B. Studying the culture history of the country C. Consuming what is produced D. Planting more of a crop than what is needed If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions. But if a farmer can grow more corn than his family needs to eat, he can use the surplus as seed to increase the next crop, or to feed workers who build tractors. This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage. Question 6: The word "it" in the third sentence of paragraph 2 refers to..... A. growth B. resource C. labour D. capital Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable. But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. Question 7: According to the passage, capital includes all of the following EXCEPT... A. factories B. tractors C. money D. workers Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable. But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. Question 8: According to the passage, the emergence of a business community in the colonies was a result of ... A. efficient saving B. the immigration C. the success of production and trade D. the existence of manufacturing As colonial production rose and trade expanded, a business community emerged in the colonies, linking the provinces by lines of trade and identity of interest. Question 9: The word "negligible" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to..... A. very important B. not very important C. necessary to be neglected D. able to be neglected Though some manufacturing existed, its role in the accumulation of capital was negligible. Question 10: The phrase "put aside" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to.... A. hidden B. saved C. reviewed D. consumed If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions. Page 16 of 16