LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ
XÂY DỰNG CHIẾN LƯỢC KINH DOANH
MẠNG MOBILE TẠI TẬP ĐOÀN VIETEL
1/66
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CHARTER 1:
THEORETICAL BASIS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF THE
9
BUSINESS
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
Overview on strategic management
9
1.1.1. Concepts
9
1.1.2. Process of strategic management
11
Mission, Vision, Objective, Policy, Core thought
12
1.2.1. Vision
12
1.2.2. Mission
12
1.2.3. Objective
12
1.2.4. Policy
13
1.2.5. Core thought
13
The strategy’s analysis
13
1.3.1. Analyze external environment
13
1.3.2. Analyze internal environment
16
1.3.3. Analyse the environment inside industry
16
1.3.4. Business strategies
19
Tools to build and select strategies
21
CHARTER 2:
THE REAL SITUATION OF BUILIDING VAS BUSINESS STRATEGY
OF VIETTEL TELECOM IN THE PERIOD OF 2004-2010
2/66
25
2.1.
General overview on VAS on mobile
25
2.1.1. Concept
25
2.1.2. Types of VAS
25
2.1.3. Forms of service supply VAS
27
2.1.4. Role of business development of VAS for the growth of
revenue and development of market share for mobile subscribers
27
of the enterprise
2.1.5. Factors have influenced on doing business on VAS
28
2.2.
General view on mobile market in Vietnam
29
2.3.
Introduction about Viettel Telecom
32
2.3.1. General information about Viettel Telecom
32
2.3.2. Formation and development
32
2.3.3. Main business areas and service products
33
2.3.4. Identify strategic vision
33
2.3.5. Core values
34
2.3.6. Business philosophy
34
2.3.7. Brand vision and philosophy
34
2.3.8. Development viewpoint
35
Analysis of Viettel’s business environment and inner forces
36
2.4.1. Macro environment
36
2.4.2. Analysis of telecom industry environment.
41
2.4.3. Opportunities and challenges for Viettel.
46
2.4.
3/66
2.4.4. Evaluation of Viettel’s potentials.
47
2.4.5. VAS business situation of Viettel during past years.
51
CHARTER 3:
BUILD VAS BUSINESS STRATEGY ON MOBILE OF VIETTEL
54
TELECOM IN THE PERIOD OF 2011-2015 AND SOLUTIONS
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
Select strategy
54
3.1.1. SWOT Matrix
54
3.1.2. Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM)
57
Macro Strategy
59
3.2.1. Cost leadership strategy
60
3.2.2. Differentiation strategy
60
3.2.3. Some expected goals of the next years
62
Solution to implement business strategy on VAS services of Viettel
62
3.3.1. Advertisement , communication and service contribution
63
3.3.2. To consolidate and strengthen Content Centre and VAS Centre
directly under the Company
3.3.3. Strengthen cooperative program with domestic and
international content suppliers on VAS services
3.3.4. Enable clients self create services contents
3.3.5. Close cooperation with domestic and international copy right
representative organizations
CONCLUSION
63
64
64
65
66
4/66
List of designation and abbreviations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Viettel
VAS
ARPU
CLKD
IFE
EFE
QSPM
BCG
SWOT
Viettel Telecom
Value Added Service
Average revenue per user
Business strategy
Internal Factor Evaluation
External Factor Evaluation
Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
Growth/ Share Matrix
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
GSM
CDMA
GDP
BTTTT
2G
3G
WB
IMF
WTO
CNTT-TT
VTC
VNPT
Mobiphone
Vietnam Mobile
Vinaphone
Gtel
EVN Telecom
VND
TMDA Cellular System
Code Division Multiple Access
Gross Domestic Product
Ministry of Information and Communications
Second generation mobile network
Third generation technology
World Bank
International Monetary Fund
World Trade Organization
Information Technology and Communications
Multimedia Corporation
Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group
Global Telecommunication Corporation
Vietnam Electricity Telecommunications Corporation
Dong
5/66
List of tables
1.
Table 1.1
SWOT analysis
22
2.
Table 2.1
Vietnam mobile data – Events and predictions
30
3.
Table 2.2
Income Statement of Viettel (2004 - 2010)
50
4.
Table 2.3
Revenue density of Viettel services (2008 - 2010)
52
5.
Table 3.1
QSPM - S-O Strategic Group
54
6.
Table 3.2
QSPM - S-T Strategic Group
54
7.
Table 3.3
QSPM - W-O Strategic Group
57
8.
Table 3.4
QSPM - W-T Strategic Group
57
9.
Table 3.5
Revenue target in the period of 2011 -2013
62
List of pictures
Number of people who are interested in value1.
Picture 2.1
added services (VAS) in mobile phone (Source
27
Nokia Market Study).
List of graphs
1.
Graph 2.1
2.
Graph 2.2
3.
Graph 2.3
4.
Graph 2.4
5.
Graph 2.5
Mobile users – source from General Statistics
Office in June 2010
APRU in some countries in 2008. (source: Frost &
Sullivan)
Vietnam share mobile market (Source: General
Statistics Office, 2010)
Viettel Revenue (2000 - 2010) (Internal Source)
VAS Income Statement of Viettel (2008 - 2010)
(Internal Source)
6/66
29
30
31
50
52
INTRODUCTION
1.
Reason for choosing the subject
In recent years, competition in the mobile market has become more and more
severe, seven service providers has come into operations, others are also making
procedures for penetrating into the market. However, the market has gradually
appeared saturated. In order to attract buyers, networks have uninterruptedly reduced
fees and released a mass of promotional programs; only in 2010, 2 big networks
reduced 15-20% mobile fees. In addition, subscriber’s attraction, promotion and
ceaseless fees reduction also make revenue and profit decrease dramatically; Ministry
of Information and Communications said that in 2009 ARPU (Average revenue per
user) of Vietnam mobile decreased 20%.
Facing to this situation, telecom businesses should have new strategies in
order to increase ARPU. VAS services exploitation and development is a suitable
solution for this problem. Especially, 3G boom is a very favourable factor for trading in
these services.
Viettel is one of businesses including large share in the Vietnam Telecom and
also is one of leading businesses in developing, building and providing 3G service. In
order to take full advantage of 3G infrastructure, it should have a business strategy and
exploit VAS services correctly in accordance with the business’s capacity and the
current market’s characteristics in Vietnam.
Wish to apply knowledge and theories into practice; therefore, our group
decided to choose the subject “Build VAS business strategy on mobile of Viettel
Telecom” for our capstone.
2.
Purpose of research
Research and systematize theories on establishment and implementation of
business strategies, select effective models for analyzing the establishment and
implementation of business strategies.
7/66
Apply theoretical bases and models to analyze, evaluate both external and internal
environment in order to build VAS business strategy on mobile of Viettel Telecom.
Suggest solutions, recommendations on carrying out business strategies with a
view of completing selected business strategies of the Company.
3.
Research scope of the subject
Due to time as well as resource limit, we only focus on analyzing and building
VAS business strategy on mobile of Viettel Telecom in the period of 2011-2015.
4.
Research method
In order to solve the above matter, our report is drawn through using qualitative
analyzing method (research, analyze the real situation of Viettel Telecom). Methods of
specific data collection such as: survey questionnaires, expert interview are used for
collecting data. Use National Statistical Data, specialized information and figures; use
secondary figures about previous strategies, researches and reports of Viettel Telecom.
5.
Structure of the capstone consists of 3 charters
Charter 1: Theoretical basis of strategic management of the business.
Charter 2: Analyze the real situation of Viettel Telecom.
Charter 3: Build VAS business strategy on mobile of Viettel Telecom in the
period of 2011- 2015, solutions and conclusion.
8/66
CHARTER 1
THEORETICAL BASIS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
OF THE BUSINESS
1.1.
Overview on strategic management
1.1.1. Concepts
1.1.1.1 Strategy
There are a lot of viewpoints of strategy, within the framework of our
capstone, we would like to set forth some typical concepts through development
periods of the theory of strategic management:
-
Alfred Chander (1962): “Strategy contains defining long-term and basic
objectives of a business, selecting the method or process of implementing and
distributing essential resources and perfoming those objectives”.
-
Michael Porter: “Strategy is creating a unique and valuable position
including difference and exchangeable choice in order to muster strengths and then
create advantages for the organization”.
From the above viewpoints, we can find that strategy is related to long-term
and basic objectives of a business. However, building and deciding objectivesoriented strategy isn’t enough, the strategy should be defined in accordance with the
vision, mission of the organization and methods, means to achieve those objectives
in order to promote strengths, repair weaknesses of the organization, receive
oppotunities, avoid or reduce damages because of threats from external
environment.
Thus, we can generally define strategy as follows:
“Strategy is a mass of complex actions in order to mobilize resources of an
organization to achieve a certain objective.”
1.1.1.2. Business strategy
As mentioned, strategy is related to objectives of a business, strategies are
built with the aim of helping the business achieve given objectives. However,
business strategy is related to how a business can compete sucessfully on a specific
9/66
market. It is related to strategic decisions on selecting products, meeting the demand
of buyers, taking a competitive advantage compared to rivals, exploiting and
creating new opportunities, ETC,v.v...
Fred R.David: “Business strategy is means to achieve long-term objectives”.
It can be said that business strategy is means supporting businesses to
achieve long-term objectives. Business strategy doesn’t draw up specific methods,
but it is a general program, the most effective solution of resource mobilization with
a view of executing fixed objectives.
Business strategy of a business can be generally defined as follows:
“Business strategy is an art of means organization and design in order to achieve
long-term objectives of a business and it has a relationship with the change of
business and competitive environment”.
1.1.1.3. Basic features of business strategy
-
Business strategy is defined from basic objectives and business direction of a
business in each period.
-
The orientation of strategy is to ensure that the business will develop
ceaselessly and strongly in a changeable environment.
-
Business strategy ensures maximum mobilization and optimal combination
of resource usage and exploitation at present and in the future, promotes advantages
and catches opportunities in order to gain competitive advantage.
-
Business strategy of a business is reflected during an uninterupted process.
-
Business strategy always contains offensive thought, wins a victory in
business world.
-
Business strategy is often built during a long term (3,5,10 years).
1.1.1.4. Role of business strategy
-
Business strategy helps the business recognize its purpose, direction, it is
also a basis and guideline for all business operations of the business.
10/66
-
Business strategy helps the business catch and take advantage of business
opportunities, then have positive methods to overcome risks and threats on the
business world.
-
Business strategy contributes to improve the using capacity of resources,
strengthen the business’s competitive stand in order to ensure its sustainable
development.
-
Business strategy creates strong foundations for making policies and
decisions on business production in accordance with the market change.
1.1.2. Process of strategic management
Process of strategic management is a series of operations, including
Commitments, Decisions and Actions of a business performed to achieve Strategic
Competitive Advantage; Sustainable Competitive Advantage with Profit above
average.
Process of strategic management can be divided into 3 periods:
Period 1: Form a strategy
This is the initial period playing a very important role in the whole process of
strategic management. During this period, the business defines strategic
objectives based on building mission, vision and core thought; analyzing
external and internal factors; exactly defining opportunities, threats,
strengths, weaknesses, and then select suitable strategies.
Period 2: Implement the strategy
This is a period apply the strategy into practice in order to achieve given
objectives. During process of strategic management, this period is quite
important because whatever a strategy is formed systematically, it will
become meaningless if it isn’t performed well. Three basic steps in the
period of strategy implementation are: building annual business plans/
establishing annual objectives, putting forth policies and distributing
resources.
Period 3: Evaluate the strategy
11/66
This the final period of process of strategic management. In this period, it
should carry out the following works: re-considering basic factors of the
current strategy, measuring achievements and implementing adjustments.
1.2.
Mission, Vision, Purpose, Policy, Core thought
1.2.1. Vision
Strategic vision expresses the highest or the most general desires, aspirations
that an organization wants to obtain. It can be considered vision as a road map of
the business reflecting the future destination and the road that the business will
follow to achieve its goal. On the other hand, strategic vision is drawing a picture of
purposes, reasons and methods to attain given goals.
Define and declare that vision play a specially important role, because it
collects all expectations in the business and encourage all efforts of the business
with the aim of achieving purposes, lofty cause and ideal
1.2.2. Mission
Mission is a declaration bearing a long-term value on purpose, it helps
distinguish one business with another. Such declarations are also regarded as
business philosophies, business principles, and the Company’s faith.
Mission announcement “reason for existence” of the Company; In the
viewpoint of Drucker, the mission announcement of the Company answers the
question: “What are your business works ?”, “What/ how should you do to achieve
mission announcement ?”
1.2.3. Purpose
Purposes can be defined as achievements that an organization finds every
way to achieve when pursuing its main tasks/ mission. Correctly defining purposes
is very important to the business’s success, and objectives showing development
directions, evaluating earnings show that objectives like resource distribution,
development cooperation provide a basis to build an effective plan, organize and
evaluate the efficiency, etc,v.v...Objectives should be challengeable, measurable,
12/66
suitable, reasonable and clear. A business includes many sections, so purposes
should be built for the whole Company and each section.
1.2.4. Policy
Fred R.David: “Policy is a tool to carry out strategies, a means to achieve
objectives. Policies include instructions, rules and procedures designed to support
efforts to achieve given objectives. Policies are directions to make decisions and
express repetitive circumstances or periodical ones”.
1.2.5. Core thought
Core thought defines long-term features of an organization; this is a
consistent determination exceeding the life circle of product or market, technology
breakthrough, management methods and leaders. In fact, core thought creates the
most important and sustainable contributions for successes of a visionary company.
Core value constitutes fundamental and sustainable rules, principles of an
organization. Core values don’t need external support; they are valuable and
important to the internal organization. A company should define core values which
are independent of the current environment, competitive demands and management
method. In order to identify core values, it should select the truthfulness, and then
define which value is the focus.
1.3.
The strategy’s analysis
When developing and executing the strategy, managers should perform an
important work; i.e., analyse the business environment where the business is
competing or may penetrate in the future. Systematic analysis can help managers
evaluate the current rate of profitability, define opposite forces or take advantage of
them in order to improve the business capacity, evaluate the impact of big changes;
moreover, helps define ways to change the industry’s structure. The business
environment includes internal environment and external environment.
1.3.1. Analyse external environment
13/66
External environment includes factors, forces, and institutions occurring
outside the business and beyond its control, it influences the efficiency and
operations of the business.
Identify and evaluate opportunities and threats from external environment
allows the business to define its mission, task clearly and exactly; build strategies
and achieve long-term objectives and policies with a view of attaining annual
objectives.
External environment includes:
Macro environment or general environment
The industry’s environment or micro environment or competitive
environment.
1.3.1.1.
Analyse macro environment
Macro environment is an environment covering operations and affecting
directly or indirectly all operations of businesses.
The main purpose of macro environment analysis is to identify the change in
expected tendencies from external factors. Focusing on the future, external
environment analysis allows the business to identify and evaluate: O-Opportunities
of the environment where the business may take advantage and T-Threats that the
business may face up with. Then, allow the business to build business tasks clearly,
define long-term and feasible objectives and design strategies in conformity with
business objectives.
We can use PEST model to analyse macro environment. The model consists
of:
Political
Economic
Sociocultural
Technological
They are four environmental factors directly affecting economic industries, those
environments are external ones of businesses and industries, and industries must be
14/66
influenced by them as an objective factor. Based on impacts, businesses will put
forth appropriate policies and actions.
1.3.1.2.
Political environment
Political factors also have a big influence on the rate of opportunities and
threats from the environment. The main thing of this environment is the method that
businesses can affect the Government and vice versa, the method that the
Government affect them.
1.3.1.3.
Economic environment
The status of macroeconomic environment defines the healthiness, prosperity
of the economy; it always impacts on businesses and industries.
Economic environment indicates the nature and orientation of the economy
that the business is operating. The economy’s influences on a company can change
the profitability. Four important factors in the macro economy are the growth rate of
the economy, interest rate, exchange rate and inflation rate.
1.3.1.4.
Socio-cultural environment
Socio-cultural environment is related to social attitudes and cultural values.
Because cultural values and social attitudes create a social basis; so it often leads
changes and technological, political, economic and demographic conditions. Similar
to technological changes, social changes also create both opportunities and threats.
1.3.1.5.
Technological environment
Technological environment includes institutions, operations relating to create
new knowledge, transfer them to inputs, products, processes and new materials.
Technological change consists of creativity and termination, opportunities and
threats. One of the most important impacts of technological change is that it can
affect the height of entry barrier and re-organization on the structure’s origin.
1.3.1.6.
Natural environment
Natural environment includes: geographical position, climate, natural
landscape, land, sea and rivers, mineral resources, forestry resources, purity of
15/66
water and air environment, etc,v.v...ensuring necessary input factors and operating
environment of the business.
1.3.1.7.
Global environment
Global environment includes relevant global markets, changing markets,
important international events, institutional features and basic culture on global
markets. Globalize business markets creates both opportunities and threats.
1.3.2. Analyse internal environment
Internal environment of a business includes internal factors. In order to exist
and develop, all businesses carry out the following operations: management,
finance, accounting, production/ business/ operation, research and development,
marketing, etc… and have an information system, a management system, and
functional sections.
Internal environment analysis is to define S-Strengths as well as WWeaknesses of businesses.
S-Strengths: that the business is carrying out well or features help the
business have competitive ability, including:
-
Secrets, skills, experience or special methods
-
Have strengths in material facilities such as: abundant capital, a big
distribution system.
Have a strong human resource,v.v...
W-Weaknesses: shortcomings of the business or factors pushing the
business in difficult circumstances, including:
-
Lack of important competitive skills and experience
-
Lack of resources: human resources, financial resources, etc v.v...
The result of internal environment analysis is to define resources, capacities and
core capacities and then build a competitive advantage and strategic competitive
advantage of the business. Competitive advantage of the business means that the
business has the ability to supply the market a special value which no rival can.
1.3.2.1.
Matrix (Internal Factor Evaluation)
16/66
IFE Matrix summarizes and evaluates basic strengths and weaknesses of a
business. The matrix shows strengths that the business should promote and
weaknesses that the business should improve to raise its achievement and
competitive advantage. This is an important tool in forming the strategy for
businesses.
1.3.2.2.
Company Profile Matrix (CPM)
CPM is to compare one business with its main competitors, based on factors
affecting the competitive ability of businesses. CPM helps strategic managers
identify main competitors as well as their strengths and weaknesses, and clearly
recognize its competitive advantage and shortcomings. With this matrix, we can put
main factors of internal environment in, which influence the business’s
development such as: financial stability, the efficiency of marketing.
1.3.3. Analyse the environment inside industry
In order to form a strategy, apart from macro environment analysis, research
the environment inside industry is an absolutely important content. The
environment inside industry is an environment directly associated with each
business, most of operations and competition of businesses occur directly in this
environment.
Five competitive forces model
Michael E. Porter, a famous professor specialized in business strategies of
Harvard Business School, put forth five competitive forces model, supporting
strategic managers to analyse competitive environment, identify opportunities and
threats from this environment and then build appropriate strategies. In his opinion,
there are 5 competitive forces:
1.3.3.1. Competitive pressure from potential entrants
In the viewpoint of M-Porter, potential entrants are businesses which aren’t
present in industry but may affect the industry in the future. How many potential
entrants, how their pressure on the industry, weak or strong, depends on the
following factors:
17/66
-
The industry’s attraction: This factor is reflected through criteria such as:
profitability rate, quantity of buyers, and quantity of businesses in the industry.
-
Barriers when entering into the industry: factors make participation into an
industry more difficult and expensive (scale advantage, product difference; capital
demand; convertible cost; approach ability to distribution channels; cost
disadvantages unrelated to the size; the Government policies; reprisals of businesses
in the industry)
1.3.3.2. Competitive pressure from substitute
Substitute is the product of industries under the demand of buyers similar to
products in the industry. The appearance of substitutes can reduce the selling price
or profits of businesses. Thus, businesses should predict and analyse the
development trend of substitutes of businesses.
1.3.3.3. Competitive pressure from buyers
Buyers are subjects of businesses and key factor creating the market.
Pressure from buyers exists chiefly under two forms: claim for discount or bargain
to have a better product/ service and they are people controlling competition in the
industry through their decision. This makes competitors fight with each other and
reduce the gross profit of industry.
1.3.3.4. Competitive pressure from suppliers
Suppliers are individuals or organizations providing necessary resources for
the business’s operations. Suppliers can create opportunities for the business when
reducing the selling price, improving the quality of products, improving the quality
of attached services. On the contrary, it can also cause threats for the business when
increasing the selling price, reducing the quality of products, services, not ensuring
quantity and time of supply, etc…
1.3.3.5. Competitive pressure from the industry
Competitors are opponents trading in the same products/ services with the
business. Competitors share market share with the business and can develop more if
they have a higher competitive position. Competitiveness increase or decrease in the
18/66
industry depends on the market scale, the industry’s growth and the investment rate
of competitors. The nature and intensity of competition among available businesses
in the industry depends on many factors:
-
Competitors are crowded or have similar scale
-
The industry’s growth speed
-
Fixed cost and storage cost are high
-
Lack of product diversification and variable cost
-
The industry has redundant capacities
-
The industry’s diversification
-
Lay a bet on the industry is high
-
Barriers for withdrawal
EFE Matrix (External Factor Evaluation)
EFE Matrix summarizes and evaluates main opportunities and threats to the
business from external environment. It helps strategic managers assess the reaction
level of the business for opportunities and threats, put forth external environment
appraisals which may cause advantages or disadvantages for the business.
1.3.4. Business strategies
In order to exist in a severe competition, the Company should create a
competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is reflected under two basic forms:
the lowest cost or product differentiation. Combine two forms of competitive
advantage with the business scope of the Company will shape 3 competitive
strategies:
Cost leadership strategy.
Differentiation strategy.
Focus strategy. Focus strategy has two specific methods: cost focus or
differentiation focus.
1.3.4.1. Cost leadership strategy
Cost leadership strategy was widely applied in the 1970s of the twentieth
century in developed capitalist countries and nowadays it has been used in many
19/66
developing countries. The nature of cost leadership strategy is how achieve total
cost-leadership in the industry (production, management), on the basis of
implementing policies: focus on investing in material facilities, equipments, mass
production in order to take advantage of large-scale, pursue the aim of cost
reduction from experience, cost control and expense minimization, cost reduction
for R & D, marketing, advertisement, etc,v.v...
The purpose of the Company is to pursue this strategy; i.e., create new
products, services with the lowest cost in order to overcome competitors to exist
and develop. Companies selecting cost leadership strategy have low differentiation,
market sections are low, typical strength concentrates on production management
and material supply. With low cost, the Company has the ability to sell a large
number of products, creating favourable conditions to promote production, reduce
the price of products.
Strong points
-
Due to low cost, the Company can sell its products lower than competitors
but keep expected profits. In case, competitors sell products at the same price, the
Company including the lowest cost will achieve higher profit.
-
When the business scope starts to develop, if a price war happens and
companies compete with each other on price, the Company including lower cost
will won based on better competitiveness.
-
The Company easily confronts when having pressure on price increase of
suppliers.
1.3.4.2. Differentiation strategy
The nature of differentiation strategy is to create things that the whole
industry recognizes “unique, incomparable”. Differentiation can be expressed under
many forms: product design, quality, trade mark, manufacturing technology,
customer service, etc,v.v...
The purpose of differentiation strategy is to achieve competitive advantage
through creating unique products for buyers, meet the demand of buyers by ways
20/66
- Xem thêm -